For the quarterly period ended October 31, 2017

OR

For the transition period from        to        

Commission File number 1-8777

Registrant's Telephone Number, Including Area Code: (310) 533-0474

No change

Former Name, Former Address and Former Fiscal Year, if Changed Since Last Report.

 Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes   ý     No   ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes   ý     No   ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer" and "smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes   ¨     No   ý

The number of shares outstanding for each of the registrant's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date:

Common Stock, $.01 par value - 15,357,457 shares as of December 13, 2017.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I. Financial Information

Item 1. Financial Statements

Virco Mfg. Corporation

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

See accompanying notes.

Virco Mfg. Corporation

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

See accompanying notes.

Virco Mfg. Corporation

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income

Unaudited (Note 1)

See accompanying notes.

Virco Mfg. Corporation

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income

Unaudited (Note 1)

See accompanying notes.

Virco Mfg. Corporation

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

Unaudited (Note 1)

See accompanying notes.

Virco Mfg. Corporation

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

Unaudited (Note 1)

Virco Mfg. Corporation

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

See accompanying notes.

VIRCO MFG. CORPORATION

Notes to unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

October 31, 2017

Note 1. Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for interim financial information and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the nine months ended October 31, 2017 , are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending January 31, 2018 . The balance sheet at January 31, 2017 , has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date, but does not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for complete financial statements. For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2017 ("Form 10-K"). All references to the "Company" refer to Virco Mfg. Corporation and its subsidiaries.

Note 2. Seasonality

The market for educational furniture is marked by extreme seasonality, with approximately 50% of the Company's total sales typically occurring from June to August each year, the Company's peak season. Hence, the Company typically builds and carries significant amounts of inventory during and in anticipation of this peak summer season to facilitate the rapid delivery requirements of customers in the educational market. This requires a large up-front investment in inventory, labor, storage and related costs as inventory is built in anticipation of peak sales during the summer months. As the capital required for this build-up generally exceeds cash available from operations, the Company has generally relied on third-party bank financing to meet cash flow requirements during the build-up period immediately preceding the peak season. In addition, the Company typically is faced with a large balance of accounts receivable during the peak season. This occurs for two primary reasons. First, accounts receivable balances typically increase during the peak season as shipments of products increase. Second, many customers during this period are government institutions, which tend to pay accounts receivable more slowly than commercial customers.

The Company's working capital requirements during and in anticipation of the peak summer season require management to make estimates and judgments that affect assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, management evaluates its estimates, including those related to market demand, labor costs, and stocking inventory.

Note 3. New Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases . The new standard requires lessees to recognize most leases, including operating leases, on-balance sheet via a right of use asset and lease liability. Changes to the lessee accounting model may change key balance sheet measures and ratios, potentially effecting analyst expectations and compliance with financial covenants. The new standard becomes effective for the Company effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, but may be adopted at any time, and requires a modified retrospective transition. The Company is currently evaluating the effect the standard will have on consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows - Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments. The new standard provides classification guidance on eight cash flow issues including debt prepayment, settlement of zero-coupon bonds, contingent consideration payments made after a business combination, proceeds from the settlements of insurance claims, proceeds from the settlement of corporate-owned life insurance policies and distributions received from equity method investees. The new standard becomes effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company anticipates the standard will have an immaterial effect on consolidated statements of cash flows.

In March 2017, the FASB issued authoritative guidance related to the presentation of net periodic pension cost in the income statement. This guidance requires that the service cost component of net periodic pension cost is presented in the same line as other compensation costs arising from services rendered by the respective employees during the period. The other components of net periodic pension cost are required to be presented in the income statement separately from the service cost component and outside of earnings from operations. This guidance also allows for the service cost component to be eligible for capitalization when applicable. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, which will be the Company's first quarter of fiscal 2019, and requires retrospective adoption for the presentation of the service cost component and other components

of net periodic pension cost in the income statement and prospective adoption for capitalization of the service cost component. Early adoption is permitted at the beginning of a fiscal year. The Company adopted this standard in the first quarter of fiscal 2018 and it had no effect on the condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting. The new standard is intended to simplify accounting for share based employment awards to employees. Changes include: all excess tax benefits/deficiencies should be recognized as income tax expense/benefit; entities can make elections on how to account for forfeitures; and cash paid by an employer when directly withholding shares for tax withholding purposes should be classified as a financing activity on the cash flow statement. The Company implemented the new standard in the first quarter of fiscal 2018. The primary impact of implementation was the recognition of excess tax benefits in our provision for income taxes rather than paid-in capital beginning with the first quarter of fiscal 2018. Upon adoption, the balance of the unrecognized excess tax benefits of approximately $172,000 was reversed with the impact recorded to retained earnings. Prior to the adoption of this standard, that amount would have been recognized as an adjustment to "Additional paid-in capital" in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Excess tax benefits will be recorded in the operating section of the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows on a prospective basis. Prior to fiscal 2018, the tax benefits or shortfalls were recorded in financing cash flows. The presentation requirements for cash flows related to employee taxes paid for withheld shares in the financing section had no impact to any of the periods presented in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows since such cash flows have historically been presented as a financing activity.

In July 2015, the FASB issued authoritative guidance to simplify the subsequent measurement of inventories by replacing the lower of cost or market test with a lower of cost and net realizable value test. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016 and requires prospective adoption with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted this standard in the first quarter of fiscal 2018 and it had no effect on the condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (ASU 2014-09), and has modified the standard thereafter. The core principal of the standard requires an entity to recognize the amount of revenue to which it expects to be entitled for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers. ASU 2014-09 defines a five-step process to achieve this core principle and, in doing so, more judgment and estimates may be required within the revenue recognition process than are required under existing U.S. GAAP. The new revenue standard will be effective for the Company on February 1, 2018. The standard permits the use of either a full retrospective method, where the standard is applied to each prior reporting period presented or a cumulative effect transition method, or modified retrospective method, where the cumulative effect of initially applying the standard is recognized at the date of initial application. We anticipate using the modified retrospective method and we are currently evaluating the effect the new revenue standard will have on our consolidated financial statements.

Note 4. Inventories

Inventory is valued at the lower of cost (determined on a first-in, first-out basis) or net realizable value and includes material, labor, and factory overhead. The Company maintains allowances for estimated slow-moving and obsolete inventory to reflect the difference between the cost of inventory and the estimated market value. Allowances for slow-moving and obsolete inventory are determined through a physical inspection of the product in connection with a physical inventory, a review of slow-moving product, and consideration of active marketing programs. The market for education furniture is traditionally driven by value, not style, and the Company has not typically incurred significant obsolescence expenses. If market conditions are less favorable than those anticipated by management, additional allowances may be required. Due to reductions in sales volume in the past years, the Company's manufacturing facilities are operating at reduced levels of capacity. The Company records the cost of excess capacity as a period expense, not as a component of capitalized inventory valuation.

The following table presents an updated breakdown of the Company's net inventory (in thousands) as of October 31, 2017, January 31, 2017 and October 31, 2016:

Management continually monitors production costs, material costs and inventory levels to determine that interim inventories are fairly stated.

Note 5. Debt

Outstanding balances (in thousands) for the Company's long-term debt were as follows:

On December 22, 2011, the Company entered into a Revolving Credit and Security Agreement (the "Credit Agreement") with PNC Bank, National Association ("PNC"). The credit agreement currently matures on December 22, 2019 and has a maximum availability of $49,500,000 , plus sub-lines for letters of credit and a $2,500,000 line for equipment financing. Borrowings under the Credit Agreement bear interest at either the Alternate Base Rate (as defined in the Credit Agreement) plus 0.50% to 1.50% or the Eurodollar Currency Rate (as defined in the Credit Agreement) plus 1.50% to 2.50% . The interest rate at October 31, 2017 was 4.75% . Approximately $12,009,000 was available for borrowing as of October 31, 2017 .

The Credit Agreement restricts the Company from issuing dividends or making payments with respect to the Company's capital stock to an annual limit of $1.3 million , and contains numerous other covenants, including these financial covenants: (1) fixed charge coverage ratio, and (2) minimum EBITDA amount, in each case as of the end of the relevant monthly, quarterly or annual measurement period. The Company was in compliance with its covenants during the second quarter of fiscal year ending January 31, 2018. Pursuant to the Credit Agreement, substantially all of the Company's accounts receivable are automatically and promptly swept to repay amounts outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility upon receipt by the Company. On April 4, 2016, the Company entered into Amendment No. 12 to the Credit Agreement which, among other things, increased the borrowing availability for the period from June 1, 2016 through August 15, 2016 and modified the clean down provision to reduce borrowings under the line to less than $6,000,000 from a period of 60 consecutive days to 30 consecutive days. On October 26, 2016, the Company entered into Amendment No. 13 to the Credit Agreement which, among other things, reduced the maximum availability of $49,750,000 to $49,500,000 to allow for a sub-line for the company's credit card program. On March 13, 2017, the Company entered into Amendment No. 14 to the Credit Agreement which established a $2,500,000 equipment line to facilitate the capital expenditure plan for 2018 and to establish covenants for 2018. On June 8, 2017, the Company entered into Amendment No. 15 to the Credit Agreement which, among other things, will allow the restatement of the amount of revolving advances to $14,000,000 for June 2017 and $11,000,000 for July 2017 and extend the time to borrow under the $2,500,000 Equipment Line until March 12, 2018.

In August 2017, the Company purchased a manufacturing building in Conway Arkansas for $7,200,000 with Virco making a 20% down payment and the seller providing financing for the remaining balance of $5,760,000 for 20 years at a fixed rate of 4% per year. The Company has been operating a component fabrication operation in this building since 1998 under a series of 10 year leases. The current lease would have expired in March 2018. Upon purchase of the building, annual depreciation expense for the building is anticipated to be approximately $300,000 per year less than current rent expense. Annual debt service payments are anticipated to be approximately $300,000 per year less than current rent expense. In connection to this purchase, the Company entered into Amendment No. 16 to the Credit Agreement with PNC Bank which, among other things, will (a) consent to the acquisition of the building, (b) permit the Company to incur the additional indebtedness and (c) amend the Credit Agreement in certain respects, which Lenders and Agent are willing to do on the terms and subject to the conditions contained in this Amendment.

The Company believes that the Revolving Credit Facility will provide sufficient liquidity to meet its capital requirements for at least the next 12 months . All of the Company's debt is a variable rate of interest or the debt was recently issued. Management believes that the carrying value of debt approximated fair value at October 31, 2017 and 2016, as all of the long-term debt bears interest at variable rates based on prevailing market conditions except for the fixed-rate debt issued to finance the purchase of the manufacturing building in Conway Arkansas as described above.

Note 6. Income Taxes

The Company recognizes deferred income taxes under the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes in accordance with the provisions of ASC No. 740, Accounting for Income Taxes. Deferred income taxes are recognized for differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities at enacted statutory tax rates in effect for the years in which the differences are expected to reverse. The effect on deferred taxes of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, the Company considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, and tax planning strategies in making this assessment. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income or reversal of deferred tax liabilities during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible.  The Company maintains a partial valuation allowance against certain state deferred tax assets that the Company does not believe it is more-likely-than-not to realize.

The Company's tax provision for interim periods is determined using an estimate of its annual effective tax rate, adjusted for discrete items. The Company's income tax expense for the three months ended October 31, 2017 was $1.7 million on pre-tax income of $4.2 million or an effective tax rate of 40.3 percent. The Company's income tax expense for the nine months ended October 31, 2017 was $3.2 million on pre-tax income of $8.5 million or an effective tax rate of 37.5 percent . For the three months ended October 31, 2016, the Company's income tax benefit was $17.8 million on pre-tax income of $6.2 million . The Company's income tax benefit for the nine months ended October 31, 2016 was $17.6 million on pre-tax income of $10.1 million .

The Company adopted ASU 2016-09 related to stock compensation in the first quarter of fiscal 2018. Upon adoption, the balance of the unrecognized excess tax benefits of approximately $172,000 was recognized with the impact recorded to retained earnings.

See "Note 3. Recently Adopted Accounting Standards" in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements" for more information regarding the implementation of ASU No. 2016-09.

In 2016, the Company closed its IRS examination for its tax return for the year ended January 31, 2013 with no changes. The January 31, 2014 and subsequent years remain open for examination by the IRS and state tax authorities. The Company is not currently under any state examination. The Company is currently under IRS examination for its fiscal year ended January 31, 2016 Federal tax return.

Note 7. Net Income per Share

Note 8. Stock-Based Compensation

Stock Incentive Plans

Under the 2011 Plan, the Company may grant an aggregate of 2,000,000 shares to its employees and non-employee directors in the form of stock options or awards. Restricted stock or stock units awarded under the 2011 Plan are expensed ratably over the vesting period of the awards. The Company determines the fair value of its restricted stock unit awards and related compensation expense as the difference between the market value of the awards on the date of grant less the exercise price of the awards granted. During the quarter ended July 31, 2017, the Company granted awards for 504,404 shares of restricted stock awards and 188,673 shares of restricted stock awards vested according to their terms. There were no additional awards granted or vested during the third quarter ended October 31, 2017. There were approximately 259,832 shares available for future issuance under the 2011 Plan as of October 31, 2017 .

Under the 2007 Plan, the Company may grant an aggregate of 1,000,000 shares to its employees and non-employee directors in the form of stock options or awards. Restricted stock or stock units awarded under the 2007 Plan are expensed ratably over the vesting period of the awards. The Company determines the fair value of its restricted stock unit awards and related compensation expense as the difference between the market value of the awards on the date of grant less the exercise price of the awards granted. The Company granted no awards during the third quarter ended October 31, 2017. On June 19, 2017, the 2007 Plan expired and no further awards may be made under the 2007 Plan.

Accounting for the Plans

Restricted Stock Unit Awards

The following table presents a summary of restricted stock and stock unit awards at October 31, 2017 and 2016 :

Note 9. Stockholders' Equity

The Company's Credit Agreement with PNC restricts the Company from issuing dividends or making payments with respect to the Company's capital stock to an annual limit of $1.3 million . Such dividends payments are also subject to compliance with financial and other covenants provided in the Credit Agreement. On December 12, 2017, the Company's Board of Directors authorized and approved a cash dividend program under which the Company will issue $0.015 per share of cash dividend to shareholders of record as of December 28, 2017.

The Company adopted ASU 2016-09 related to stock compensation in the first quarter of fiscal 2018. Upon adoption, the balance of the unrecognized excess tax benefits of approximately $172,000 was reversed with the impact recorded to retained earnings.

See "Note 3. Recently Adopted Accounting Standards" in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements" for more information regarding the implementation of ASU No. 2016-09.

Note 10. Retirement Plans

The Company and its subsidiaries cover certain employees under a noncontributory defined benefit retirement plan, entitled the Virco Employees' Retirement Plan (the "Pension Plan"). Benefits under the Employees Retirement Plan are based on years of service and career average earnings. As more fully described in the Form 10-K, benefit accruals under the Employees Retirement Plan were frozen effective December 31, 2003. There is no service cost incurred under this plan.

The Company also provides a supplementary retirement plan for certain key employees, the VIP Retirement Plan (the "VIP Plan"). The VIP Plan provides a benefit of up to 50% of average compensation for the last 5 years in the VIP Plan, offset by benefits earned under the Pension Plan. As more fully described in the Form 10-K, benefit accruals under this plan were frozen since December 31, 2003. There is no service cost incurred under this plan.

The Company also provides a non-qualified plan for certain former non-employee directors of the Company (the "Non-Employee Directors Retirement Plan"). The Non-Employee Directors Retirement Plan provides a lifetime annual retirement benefit equal to the director's annual retainer fee for the fiscal year in which the director terminated his or her position with the Board, subject to the director having provided 10 years of service to the Company. As more fully described in the Form 10-K, benefit accruals under this plan were frozen effective December 31, 2003. There is no service cost incurred under this plan.

The net periodic pension cost (income) for the Pension Plan, the VIP Plan, and the Non-Employee Directors Retirement Plan for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2017 and 2016 were as follows (in thousands):

Note 11. Warranty Accrual

The Company provides a warranty against all substantial defects in material and workmanship. The standard warranty offered on products sold through January 31, 2013 is 10  years. Effective February 1, 2014 the Company modified its warranty to a limited lifetime warranty. The warranty effective February 1, 2014 is not anticipated to have a significant effect on warranty expense. Effective January 1, 2017, the Company modified the warranty offered to provide specific warranty periods by product component, with no warranty period longer than ten years. The Company's warranty is not a guarantee of service life, which depends upon events outside the Company's control and may be different from the warranty period. The Company accrues an estimate of its exposure to warranty claims based upon both product sales data and an analysis of actual warranty claims incurred.

The following is a summary of the Company's warranty-claim activity for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2017 and 2016 .

Note 12. Contingencies

The Company has a self-insured retention for product and general liability losses up to $250,000 per occurrence, workers' compensation liability losses up to $250,000 per occurrence, and for automobile liability losses up to $50,000 per occurrence. The Company has purchased insurance to cover losses in excess of the retention up to a limit of $30,000,000 . The Company has obtained an actuarial estimate of its total expected future losses for liability claims and recorded a liability equal to the net present value.

The Company and its subsidiaries are defendants in various legal proceedings resulting from operations in the normal course of business. It is the opinion of management, in consultation with legal counsel, that the ultimate outcome of all such matters will not materially affect the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Note 13. Subsequent Events

On November 14, 2017, Virco entered into a fourth amendment (the "Amendment") to the lease agreement pursuant to which the Company leases its office manufacturing and warehouse facility in Torrance, California. The Amendment extends the term of the lease for an additional 62 months through April 30, 2025, and provides for monthly base lease payments that increase after each 12-month period. The monthly base lease payments range from approximately $396,890.00 per month (which applies for the period from May 1, 2020 to February 28, 2021) to $446,703.19 per month (which applies for the period from March 1, 2024 to April 30, 2025).

On December 12, 2017, the Company's Board of Directors declared a cash dividend of $0.015 per share to shareholders of record as of December 28, 2017, with a payment date of January 10, 2018.

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

For the three months ended October 31, 2017, the Company earned pre-tax income of $4,228,000 on sales of $68,794,000 compared to pre-tax income of $6,206,000 on sales of $67,795,000 in the same period in the prior year.

Net sales for the three months ended October 31, 2017 increased by $999,000 or 1.5%. This increase was primarily due to a modest increase in price slightly offset by a small decrease in volume. The Company began the quarter with a backlog of orders that was approximately $7.5 million greater than the prior year.

As discussed in the Company's Form 10K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2017, there are two significant funding sources that drive the Company's sales, bond-funded business and business funded from the operating budgets of the schools. The Company experienced robust growth in orders and shipment during the first six months, which is more heavily influenced by bond-funded projects. Orders in the third quarter are typically more dependent on the operating budgets of the schools. Orders for the third quarter were comparable to the prior year, increasing by less than 1%. Ending backlog at October 31, 2017 was $16.9 million compared to $10.7 million at the same date last year.

The third quarter results reflected continued increase in seasonality of the Company's business. School districts in many parts of the Country have accelerated the beginning of back to school to mid-August, impacting the summer delivery window. Gross margin as a percentage of sales decreased to 35.6% for the three months ended October 31, 2017 compared to 35.9% in the same period last year, which was attributable to several factors. First was the composition of business in the quarter-growth in resale of our vendor partner products increased in this quarter. The second factor was the relationship between the selling price increases relative to the cost increases incurred. The Company raised selling prices on certain marketing programs at the beginning of this year, but only increased prices modestly in effort to increase sales volume. The Company did not raise prices adequately to compensate for all the cost increases subsequently incurred during the quarter. The primary change in costs related to raw materials (primarily steel) and employee compensation.

Selling, general and administrative expenses for the three months ended October 31, 2017 increased by $2,018,000 compared to the same period last year. The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses was attributable to variable freight and service expenses, driven by the increased portion of business sold with full service. Interest expense increased due to increased levels of borrowing.

For the nine months ended October 31, 2017, the Company earned a pre-tax profit of $8,545,000 on net sales of $164,665,000 compared to a pre-tax profit of $10,123,000 on net sales of $149,976,000 in the same period last year. Net sales for the nine months ended October 31, 2017 increased by $14,689,000 compared to the same period last year. This increase was the result of growth in both volume and price. The Company began the year with a backlog of orders that was approximately $1.3 million greater than the prior year. Order rates for the first nine months increased by approximately 13% compared to the prior year.

Gross margin as a percentage of sales declined to 36.2% for the nine months ended October 31, 2017 compared to 37.4% in the same period last year. There are three primary reasons for the decrease. First, for the first nine months, nearly the entire increase in sales was from service intensive project type business, which include larger, more complex orders. Bidding on these projects can be intense, and typically include a larger portion of products sourced from third party manufacturing partners. Margins on product from third party manufacturing partners typically have a lower margin than product manufactured by Virco. The second factor was the relationship between the selling price increases relative to the cost increases incurred. The Company raised selling prices on certain marketing programs at the beginning of this year, but increased prices modestly in effort to increase sales volume. The Company did not raise prices adequately to compensate for all the cost increases subsequently incurred during the year. Third, production levels in our factories increased by nearly 10%, but increased compensation costs combined with more complex orders to fill substantially offset manufacturing efficiencies from the increased production volume.

Selling, general and administrative expenses for the nine months ended October 31, 2017 increased by approximately $4,853,000 compared to the same period last year. The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses was attributable to variable freight, variable service, variable selling, and variable compensation expenses driven by the increased sales volume and by the increase in project related business. Interest expense increased due to increased levels of borrowing.

Income tax expense for the third quarter and nine months ended October 31, 2017 is not comparable to the prior year. The Company had a valuation allowance against deferred tax assets at July 31, 2016. This valuation allowance was substantially reversed in the third quarter of the prior year. The third quarter and nine months ended October 31, 2017 reflect a normalized income tax rate.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

As discussed in the Company's Form 10-K, approximately 50% of the Company's annual sales volume is shipped in June through August. The Company traditionally builds large quantities of inventory during the first and second quarters of each fiscal year in anticipation of seasonally high summer shipments. In addition, the Company finances a large balance of accounts receivable during the peak season. Accounts receivable increased by $11,205,000 from January 31, 2017 to October 31, 2017. This compares to prior year when accounts receivable grew by $9,003,000 during the same period.

For the first nine months, the Company increased inventory by approximately $688,000 at October 31, 2017 compared to January 31, 2017. This compares to a decrease of $2,948,000 during the same period last year. Inventory at October 31, 2017 was $4,722,000 more than the prior year in order to support a larger backlog of orders at October 31, 2017. The increase in accounts receivable at October 31, 2017 compared to the January 31, 2017, was financed in part by vendor credit, which naturally increases with increased third quarter business activity, and through the Company's credit facility with PNC Bank.

Interest expense for the nine months ended October 31, 2017 is slightly higher the same period last year. Borrowings under the Company's revolving line of credit with PNC Bank at October 31, 2017 is greater than compared to the borrowings at October 31, 2016 due to increased inventory and accounts receivable.

Capital spending for the nine months ended October 31, 2017 was $12,521,000 compared to $3,239,000 for the same period last year. The primary component of the increase was the purchase of a manufacturing facility in Conway, AR. The Company had previously occupied the building under a 10-year lease. The increase in capital spending is anticipated to continue for the year as the Company is investing more in factory automation and technology. Capital expenditures are being financed through the Company's credit facility with PNC Bank and operating cash flow.

Subsequent to October 31, 2017, the Company entered in to a five-year extension for the manufacturing and distribution facility located in Torrance, CA. The Company has occupied this building under a series of leases from 1994 to date.

The Company believes that cash flows from operations, together with the Company's unused borrowing capacity with PNC Bank will be sufficient to fund the Company's debt service requirements, capital expenditures and working capital needs for the next twelve months.

Off Balance Sheet Arrangements

None.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The Company's critical accounting policies are outlined in its Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2017. There have been no changes in the quarter ended October 31, 2017.

Forward-Looking Statements

From time to time, including in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended October 31, 2017, the Company or its representatives have made and may make forward-looking statements, orally or in writing. Such forward-looking statements may be included in, without limitation, reports to stockholders, press releases, oral statements made with the approval of an authorized executive officer of the Company and filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). The words or phrases "anticipates," "expects," "will continue," "believes," "estimates," "projects," or similar expressions are intended to identify "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The results contemplated by the Company's forward-looking statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to vary materially from anticipated results, including without limitation, availability of funding for educational institutions, availability and cost of materials, especially steel, availability and cost of labor, demand for the Company's products, competitive conditions affecting selling prices and margins, capital costs and general economic conditions. Such risks and uncertainties are discussed in more detail in the Company's Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2017 and in this Form 10-Q under the caption "Risk Factors".

The Company's forward-looking statements represent its judgment only on the dates such statements were made. By making any forward-looking statements, the Company assumes no duty to update them to reflect new, changed or unanticipated events or circumstances.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Not applicable.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

The Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company's management, including its Principal Executive Officer along with its Principal Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 ("Exchange Act") as of October 31, 2017. Based upon the foregoing, the Company's Principal Executive Officer along with the Company's Principal Financial Officer concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures as of such date were effective to ensure that the information required to be disclosed in the Company's Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to Company management, including its Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, Company management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management necessarily is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

The Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company's management, including its Principal Executive Officer along with its Principal Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of disclosure controls and procedures. Based upon the foregoing, the Company's Principal Executive Officer along with the Company's Principal Financial Officer concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) were effective as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

There have been no changes in the Company's internal control over financial reporting during the fiscal quarter covered by this quarterly report on Form 10-Q that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, its internal control over financial reporting.

PART II - Other Information

Virco Mfg. Corporation

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

The Company is a party to various legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business which, in the opinion of the Company, are not material in that management either expects that the Company will be successful on the merits of the pending cases or that any liabilities resulting from such cases will be substantially covered by insurance. While it is impossible to estimate with certainty the ultimate legal and financial liability with respect to these actions, management believes that the aggregate amount of such liabilities will not be material to the results of operations, financial position, or cash flows of the Company.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

You should carefully consider and evaluate the information in this Quarterly Report and the risk factors set forth under the caption "Item 1A. Risk Factors" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2017 (the "Form 10-K"), which was filed with the SEC on April 25, 2017. The risk factors associated with our business have not materially changed compared to the risk factors disclosed in the Form 10-K, except as noted below.

Approximately 50% of our sales are priced through one contract, under which we are the exclusive supplier of classroom furniture.

The following should be added to this risk factor which is set forth in the Form 10-K: On November 1, 2017, the Company signed a new nationwide contract/price list for a five year period ended December 31, 2022. The Company also received two 2-year renewal options under the new contract.

Comprehensive tax reform bills are currently under consideration by the U.S. Congress, which could have a material effect on us.

The U.S. Congress is considering comprehensive tax reform bills that include significant changes to taxation of business entities. While the House and Senate versions of the tax reform bills differ in certain respects, these changes include, among others, a permanent reduction to the federal corporate income tax rate and a partial limitation on the deductibility of business interest expense. It is unclear whether a tax reform bill will be enacted into law or, if enacted, what form it would take. The impact of any potential tax reform on us is uncertain. However we expect that a reduction in the federal corporate income tax rate, if enacted, would impair the value of our deferred tax assets, which stood at $13.8 million at October 31, 2017.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities, Use of Proceeds and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

None.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

None.

Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibit 31.1 - Certification of Robert A. Virtue, Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14 of the Securities Exchange Act, as adopted pursuant to section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 .

Exhibit 31.2 - Certification of Robert E. Dose, Vice President, Finance, pursuant to Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14 of the Securities Exchange Act, as adopted pursuant to section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

Exhibit 32.1 - Certification of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

Exhibit 101.INS - XBRL Instance Document.

Exhibit 101.SCH - XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.

Exhibit 101.CAL - XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.

Exhibit 101.LAB - XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.

Exhibit 101.PRE - XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.