OR

Commission file number 333-199861

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Building 4, Trident Place, Mosquito Way, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL10 9UL, England

(Address of principal executive offices)

+44 (0) 1707-853-000

(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes   ☑       No   ¨

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes   ¨       No   ☑

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes   ☑       No   ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes   ☑       No   ¨

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§ 229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.   ☑

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.:

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).    Yes   ¨       No   ☑

The aggregate market value of the outstanding ordinary shares, nominal value €0.01 , of the registrant other than shares held by persons who may be deemed affiliates of the registrant, as of June 30, 2017 , the last business day of the registrant's most recently completed second fiscal quarter, was approximately $20,669,862,339 .

The number of ordinary shares outstanding, nominal value €0.01 , of the registrant as of February 23, 2018 was 514,781,709 .

INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

MYLAN N.V.

INDEX TO FORM 10-K

For the Year Ended December 31, 2017

PART I

Mylan N.V. , along with its subsidiaries (collectively, the "Company," " Mylan ," "our" or "we"), is a leading global pharmaceutical company, which develops, licenses, manufactures, markets and distributes generics, branded generics, brand name and over-the-counter ("OTC") products in a variety of dosage forms and therapeutic categories. Mylan is committed to setting new standards in healthcare by creating better health for a better world, and our mission is to provide the world's 7 billion people access to high quality medicine. To do so, we innovate to satisfy unmet needs; make reliability and service excellence a habit; do what's right, not what's easy; and impact the future through passionate global leadership. We believe access to healthcare should be a right, not a privilege. That makes our mission very personal. While a great deal of progress has been made over the years to expand access to healthcare, there's still much to be done. With our strong foundation in pharmaceuticals and long track record of doing good, Mylan is uniquely positioned to address the world's most pressing health concerns.

Mylan offers one of the industry's broadest product portfolios, including more than 7,500 marketed products around the world, to customers in more than 165 countries and territories. We operate a global, high quality, vertically-integrated manufacturing platform around the world and one of the world's largest active pharmaceutical ingredient ("API") operations. We also operate a strong and innovative research and development ("R&D") network that has consistently delivered a robust product pipeline including a variety of dosage forms, therapeutic categories and biosimilars.

Overview

Throughout its history, Mylan has been recognized as a leader in the United States ("U.S.") generic pharmaceutical industry. Our leadership position is the result of, among other factors, our ability to efficiently obtain Abbreviated New Drug Application ("ANDA") approvals and our reliable high quality supply chain. Mylan is one of the largest pharmaceutical companies in the world today in terms of revenue and is recognized as an industry leader because of our organic growth and transformative acquisitions beginning in 2007.

Our most recent significant acquisitions include the June 2016 acquisition of the non-sterile, topicals-focused business (the "Topicals Business") of Renaissance Acquisition Holdings, LLC ("Renaissance") for approximately $1.01 billion in cash at closing, including amounts that were deposited into escrow for potential contingent payments. The Topicals Business provided the Company with a complementary portfolio of commercial and pipeline products, and an established U.S. sales and marketing infrastructure targeting dermatologists. The Topicals Business also provided an integrated manufacturing and development platform.

Also, in August 2016, we acquired Meda AB (publ.) ("Meda") for a total purchase price of approximately $6.92 billion , net of cash acquired. Meda provided a diversified and expansive portfolio of branded and generic medicines along with a strong and growing portfolio of OTC products. The combined company has a balanced global footprint with significant scale in key geographic markets, particularly the U.S. and Europe. The acquisition of Meda also expanded our presence in key emerging markets, including, China, Russia, Turkey, and Mexico, and in countries in South East Asia, and the Middle East, which complemented Mylan's existing presence in India, Brazil and Africa (including South Africa).

One Mylan

Through our recent significant transactions, along with our previous transformative acquisitions of Mylan Inc. and  Abbott Laboratories ' (" Abbott ") non-U.S. developed markets specialty and branded generics business (the "EPD Business"), Agila Specialties (‘‘ Agila ''), Matrix Laboratories Limited (now known as Mylan Laboratories Limited or "Mylan India"), Merck KGaA's generics and specialty pharmaceutical business, Bioniche Pharma Holdings Limited and Pfizer Inc.'s ("Pfizer") respiratory delivery platform (the "respiratory delivery platform"), we have created a horizontally and vertically integrated platform with global scale, augmented our diversified product portfolio and further expanded our range of capabilities, all of which we believe position us well for the future.

Today, Mylan has a robust worldwide commercial presence, including leadership positions in the U.S., Australia and France as well as other markets around the world. Mylan 's global portfolio of more than 7,500 marketed generic and branded generic, brand name, and OTC products around the world covers a vast array of therapeutic categories. We offer an extensive range of dosage forms and delivery systems, including oral solids, topicals, liquids and semisolids while focusing on those products that are difficult to formulate and manufacture, and typically have longer life cycles than traditional generic pharmaceuticals, including transdermal patches, high potency formulations, injectables, controlled-release and respiratory

products. OTC products are key complements to prescribed drugs because they are easily accessible, save patients' time and reduce cost pressures on healthcare systems. Mylan also operates one of the largest API manufacturers, supplying low cost, high quality API for our own products and pipeline, as well as for a number of third parties.

We believe that the breadth and depth of our business and platform provide certain competitive advantages in major markets in which we operate, including less dependency on any single market or product. As a result, we are better able to successfully compete on a global basis than many of our competitors.

Our Operations

Mylan N.V. was originally incorporated as a private limited liability company, New Moon B.V., in the Netherlands in 2014. Mylan became a public limited liability company in the Netherlands through its acquisition of the EPD Business on February 27, 2015 . Mylan's corporate seat is located in Amsterdam, the Netherlands , its principal executive offices are located in Hatfield, Hertfordshire, England and Mylan N.V. group's global headquarters are located in Canonsburg, Pennsylvania .

The Company has made a number of significant acquisitions since 2015, and as part of the holistic, global integration of these acquisitions, the Company is focused on how to best optimize and maximize all of its assets across the organization and across all geographies. On December 5, 2016, the Company announced restructuring programs in certain locations representing initial steps in a series of actions that are anticipated to further streamline its operations globally. The Company continues to develop the details of the cost reduction initiatives, including workforce actions and other potential restructuring activities beyond the programs already announced, including potential shutdown or consolidation of certain operations. The continued restructuring actions are expected to be implemented through fiscal year 2018. Refer to Note 16 Restructuring included in Item 8 in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information related to our restructuring initiatives.

We report our results in three segments on a geographic basis as follows: North America, Europe and Rest of World. The operations in each of our segments is described in more detail below.

The chart below reflects third party net sales by reportable segment for the year ended December 31, 2017 .

Our third party net sales are derived primarily from the sale of generic and branded generic pharmaceuticals, branded pharmaceuticals, OTC products and API. Our API business is conducted through Mylan India , which is included within our Rest of World segment. Refer to Note  13 Segment Information included in Item 8 in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information related to our reportable segments.

Our global operational footprint, including the locations of our manufacturing, packaging and R&D facilities and capabilities, along with the individual site's primary activities, are detailed on the map below.

Our global manufacturing platform is an important component of our business model. We own twelve manufacturing and distribution facilities in the U.S. including Puerto Rico, with significant sites in Morgantown, West Virginia; San Antonio, Texas; St. Albans, Vermont; Caguas, Puerto Rico; and Greensboro, North Carolina. Outside the U.S. and Puerto Rico, we utilize production and distribution facilities in eleven countries, including key facilities in India, Australia, Japan, Ireland, Hungary and France. Our manufacturing facilities, which operate around the globe, are capable of producing approximately 80 billion oral solid doses, 4,800 kiloliters of APIs, 500 million injectable units, and 1.5 billion complex products (transdermals, dermals, topicals, respiratory, oral films, and other specialty items) per year.

The Company also leases manufacturing, warehousing, distribution and administrative facilities in numerous locations, both within and outside of the U.S., including properties in New York, Canada, France, India, Ireland and the United Kingdom (the "U.K."). All of the facilities listed above are included in our reportable segments primarily based on the location of the facility. Our global R&D centers of excellence are located in Morgantown, West Virginia and Hyderabad, India. We also have specific technology focused development sites in Texas, Vermont, Canada, Ireland, Germany, Italy, the U.K., India and Japan. In addition, under our collaboration agreements with Biocon Limited ("Biocon") for the development of biosimilar compounds and insulin analog products, certain state of the art manufacturing facilities owned by Biocon in India and Malaysia are to be used for the manufacture of products developed under the agreements, which are excluded from the chart above.

We believe that all of our facilities are in good operating condition, the machinery and equipment are well-maintained, the facilities are suitable for their intended purposes and they have capacities adequate for the current operations.

Unless otherwise indicated, industry data included in Item 1 is sourced from IQVIA Holdings Inc. ("IQVIA") and is for the twelve months ended November 2017 .

North America Segment

Our North America segment primarily develops, manufactures, sells and distributes pharmaceutical products in tablet, capsule, injectable, transdermal patch, gel, nebulized and cream or ointment form. For the year ended December 31, 2017 , North America segment third party net sales were $4.97 billion . Our North America segment includes our operations in the U.S. and Canada, each of which is discussed further below.

The U.S.  generics market is the largest in the world, in terms of value, with generic prescription sales of approximately $60.0 billion for the twelve months ended November 2017 and approximately 90% of all pharmaceutical products sold in the U.S. were generic products, which demonstrates the high level of generic penetration in this market. Mylan holds a top two ranking within the U.S. generics prescription market in terms of both sales and prescriptions dispensed. Approximately one in every 14 prescriptions dispensed in the U.S. is a Mylan product. Our sales of products in the U.S. are derived primarily from the sale of oral solid dosages, injectables, transdermal patches, gels, creams, ointments and unit dose offerings. In the U.S., we have one of the largest product portfolios among all generic pharmaceutical companies. With the

acquisition of the Topicals Business, we gained a complementary portfolio of branded and generic topical products, including an active pipeline of products in development as well as an established U.S. sales and marketing infrastructure targeting dermatologists. The Topicals Business added to Mylan an integrated manufacturing and development platform along with a leading topicals-focused contract development and manufacturing organization.

In addition, we manufacture and sell a diverse portfolio of injectable products across several key therapeutic areas, including respiratory and allergy, infectious disease, cardiovascular, oncology and central nervous system and anesthesia. Mylan's injectable manufacturing capabilities include vials, pre-filled syringes, ampoules and lyophilization with a focus on oncology, penems, penicillins, ophthalmics and peptides.

Our unit dose business focuses on providing one of the largest product portfolios along with innovative packaging and barcoding that supports bedside verification throughout the U.S. and Canada for hospitals, group purchasing organizations ("GPOs"), long term care facilities, wholesalers, surgical services, home infusion service providers, correctional facilities, specialty pharmacies and retail outlets.

In October 2017, Mylan launched in the U.S. the first Glatiramer Acetate Injection 40 mg/mL for 3-times-a-week injection that is an AP-rated substitutable generic version of Copaxone® 40 mg/mL, as well as Glatiramer Acetate Injection 20 mg/mL for once-daily injection, an AP-rated, substitutable generic version of Copaxone® 20 mg/mL. These products are indicated for the treatment of patients with relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system.

The EpiPen® Auto-Injector , which is used in the treatment of severe allergic reactions, is an epinephrine auto-injector that has been sold in the U.S. and internationally since the mid-1980s. Mylan markets the EpiPen® Auto-Injector , which is supplied to Mylan by a wholly owned subsidiary of Pfizer. Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction that is rapid in onset and may cause death, either through swelling that shuts off airways or through a significant drop in blood pressure. In December 2010, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, a division of the National Institutes of Health, introduced the "Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Food Allergy in the United States." These guidelines state that epinephrine is the first line treatment for anaphylaxis. The EpiPen® Auto-Injector is the number one dispensed epinephrine auto-injector. On December 16, 2016, Mylan launched the first authorized generic for the EpiPen® Auto-Injector , which has the same drug formulation and device functionality as the branded product.

Perforomist® Inhalation Solution , Mylan's Formoterol Fumarate Inhalation Solution, was launched in October 2007. Perforomist® Inhalation Solution is a long-acting beta 2 -adrenergic agonist indicated for long-term, twice-daily administration in the maintenance treatment of bronchoconstriction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder ("COPD") patients, including those with chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Mylan holds several U.S. and international patents protecting Perforomist® Inhalation Solution .

With the acquisition of Meda, we acquired certain key branded products, including Dymista® which is used for the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis and was launched in the U.S. in 2012. We also market several OTC products including Cold-EEZE, Midnite, and Vivarin.

We believe that the breadth and quality of our product offerings help us to successfully meet our customers' needs and to better compete in the generics industry over the long-term. The future growth of our U.S. generics business is partially dependent upon continued acceptance of generic products as affordable alternatives to branded pharmaceuticals, a trend which is largely outside of our control. However, we believe that we can maximize the value of our generic product opportunities by continuing our proven track record of bringing to market high quality products that are difficult to formulate or manufacture. Throughout Mylan's history, we have successfully introduced many generic products that are difficult to formulate or manufacture and continue to be meaningful contributors to our business several years after their initial launch. Additionally, we expect to achieve growth in our U.S. business by launching new products for which we may attain U.S. Food and Drug Administration ("FDA") first-to-file status with Paragraph IV certification. As described further in the "Product Development and Government Regulation" discussion below, a first-filed ANDA with a Paragraph IV certification qualifies the product approval holder for a period of generic marketing and distribution exclusivity.

In Canada , we have successfully leveraged the acquired EPD Business to further broaden our presence in this market. We currently rank sixth in terms of market share in the generic prescription market. As in the U.S., growth in Canada will be dependent upon acceptance of generic products as affordable alternatives to branded pharmaceuticals. Further, we plan to leverage the strength and reliability of the collective Mylan brand to foster continued brand awareness and growth throughout the region.

Europe Segment

Our European operations are conducted through our wholly owned subsidiaries in 35 countries across the region, including France, Italy, Germany, the U.K. and Spain. For the year ended December 31, 2017 , Europe segment third party net sales were $3.96 billion . The types of markets within Europe vary from country to country; however, when combined, the European market is the second largest generic pharmaceutical market in the world in terms of value. Within Europe, by value, the generic prescription market in Germany is the largest , followed by the U.K., France, Spain and Italy, respectively.

In Europe, the manner in which products are marketed varies by country. In addition to selling pharmaceuticals under their International Nonproprietary Name ("INN") (i.e., API), in certain European countries, branded generic pharmaceutical products are given a unique brand name, as these markets tend to be more responsive to the promotion efforts generally used to promote brand products.

The European generic prescription market also varies significantly by country in terms of the extent of generic penetration, the key decision maker in terms of drug choice and other important aspects. Some countries, including Germany, the U.K., the Netherlands, Denmark and Poland, are characterized by relatively high generic penetration, ranging between 70% and 75% of total prescription market sales in the twelve months ended November 2017 , based on volume. Conversely, other major European markets, including France, Italy and Spain, are characterized by much lower generic penetration, ranging between 22% and 44% of total prescription sales in the twelve months ended November 2017 , based on volume. However, actions taken by governments, particularly in these latter under-penetrated countries, to reduce healthcare costs could encourage further use of generic pharmaceutical products. In some of these under-penetrated markets, in addition to growth from new product launches, we expect our future growth to be driven by increased generic utilization and penetration.

As a result of the acquisitions of Meda and the EPD Business, our product portfolio has been diversified with OTC products and additional branded and branded generic products in Europe. In addition, Mylan has significantly expanded and strengthened its presence in Europe. In particular, we have grown our presence in several markets in Central and Eastern Europe, including Poland, Greece, the Czech Republic and Slovakia and gained access into new markets, such as Romania and Bulgaria. As a result of these acquisitions, our revenues in Europe are now significantly diversified across our generics, branded and branded generic portfolios.

Our branded products include Creon, Influvac, EpiPen®, Dymista, Betadine and Elidel. Our OTC products include Dona, Saugella, CB12, Brufen, Endwarts, and Armolipid.    

In October 2017, the Company announced that its partner, Synthon, received marketing authorization approval in Europe for Glatiramer Acetate Injection 40 mg/mL. Mylan is partnered with Synthon, the developer and supplier of its European Glatiramer Acetate Injection products, and has exclusive distribution and supply rights in certain key European markets. We have launched the product in several countries in 2018.

Of the top ten generic prescription markets in Europe, we hold leadership positions in several of the markets, including the number one market share position in France and the number two market share position in Italy. In France , we believe the generic market is underpenetrated. Our growth in the French market is expected to come from brand leadership, new product launches, and increased generic utilization and penetration through government initiatives, such as a communication plan to promote generics in France. The acquisition of the EPD Business in 2015 followed by the acquisition of Meda in 2016 strengthened Mylan's position as a major participant across the healthcare system covering prescribers, hospitals and pharmacists and provided growth opportunities and synergies throughout the market.

In Italy , we have the second highest market share in the generic prescription market in terms of volume and value. We believe that the Italian generic market is still under-penetrated, with generics representing approximately 22% of the Italian pharmaceutical market, based on volume. The Italian government has put forth only limited measures aimed at encouraging generic use, and as a result, generic substitution is still in its early stages. As leaders of the generic market, we can benefit from increased generic utilization.

In addition to France and Italy, we have grown our presence in several European markets including Germany, the U.K., Spain and markets in Eastern Europe. In the U.K. , Mylan is ranked third in the U.K. generic prescription market, in terms of value. Mylan is well positioned in the U.K. as a preferred supplier to wholesalers and is also focused on areas such as retail pharmacy chains and hospitals. The acquisition of the EPD and Meda businesses in the U.K. has provided us with an additional branded market presence, particularly in the areas of pancreatic enzyme replacement, hormone replacement therapy, anaphylaxis and allergy.

In Spain , we have the ninth highest market share in the generic prescription market based on volume. The generic market comprised approximately 35% of the total Spanish pharmaceutical market by volume for the twelve months ended November 2017 . Our portfolio and depth in this market were further expanded with the acquisitions of the EPD Business and Meda by adding branded and OTC products. As a result of these acquisitions, we have diversified our product offerings in Spain and generic prescription products now account for less than a quarter of our sales in Spain. New product introductions in all of our categories will be the drivers of our growth in Spain.

As a result of the acquisitions of Meda and the EPD Business, we have strengthened and expanded our presence in Germany and have diversified our portfolio to reduce our reliance on the tender system. A tender system is part of the market in Germany, and as a result, health insurers play a major role. Under a tender system, health insurers invite manufacturers to submit bids that establish prices for generic pharmaceuticals.

In the Nordic region, which we define as Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Finland and Iceland, our presence has expanded significantly as a result of our recent acquisitions. For instance, we now have the fourth highest market share in Sweden, in terms of volume and value, and the fifth highest market share in Norway, based on volume.

We also have a notable presence in other European generic prescription markets, including Portugal and Belgium, where we hold the third and fifth highest market share, respectively, in terms of volume. In the Netherlands, we have the third highest market share in the generic prescription market, which is characterized by relatively high generic penetration.

Rest of World Segment

We market pharmaceuticals in Rest of World primarily through our sales forces in approximately 30 countries and through partners and distributors in approximately 90 additional emerging markets. Our key Rest of World markets include Japan, Australia, China, Brazil, Russia, India, South Africa, and certain markets in the Middle-East and South East Asia. Additionally, through Mylan India , we market API to third parties and also supply other Mylan subsidiaries. For the year ended December 31, 2017 , Rest of World segment third party net sales were $2.83 billion .

The Indian generics market is the largest in the world, in terms of volume. We operate our API business out of Mylan India . We are also one of the world's largest API manufacturers as measured by the number of drug master files ("DMFs") filed with regulatory agencies. Mylan India 's manufacturing capabilities include a range of dosage forms, such as tablets, capsules and injectables, in a wide variety of therapeutic categories. Mylan India has ten API and intermediate manufacturing facilities and a total of fifteen finished dosage form ("FDF") facilities, which includes eight oral solid dose facilities and seven injectable facilities, all located in India. Our presence in India goes beyond manufacturing, sales and marketing. With a global R&D center of excellence in Hyderabad, India and technology driven R&D sites in Bangalore, India, we are able to create unique and efficient R&D capabilities.

Mylan India markets API to third parties around the world and produces anti-retroviral therapy ("ARV") products for people living with HIV/AIDS. Mylan India has a growing commercial presence, with its Hepatitis C products representing approximately 20% of the Hepatitis C market share in India. In addition, our current areas of focus include Critical Care, Hepato Care, HIV Care, Onco Care and Women's Care. We continue to expand our products in the therapeutic categories such as hepatology, oncology and critical care. In November 2015, we completed our acquisition of certain women's healthcare businesses from Famy Care Limited (such businesses "Jai Pharma Limited"), which significantly broadened our women's care portfolio and strengthened our technical capabilities in terms of dedicated hormone manufacturing.

Through Mylan India, we have long been a champion for those living with or at risk for infection of HIV/AIDS. It is part of our belief that access to high quality medicine is a right, not a privilege. Mylan offers a wide range of ARVs, and close to 50% of patients being treated for HIV/AIDS in the developing world depend on our ARVs. Mylan is unique among western pharmaceutical companies in its commitment to providing access to high quality medicines to millions of patients in developing countries. We have invested more than $250 million to expand our ARV production capacity and we now manufacture more than 4 billion ARV tablets and capsules each year. Eight years ago, Mylan was the first company to launch a single pill, once-a-day regimen called TLE. In March 2017, we were the first - and to date, the only - company to launch a lower-cost, reduced-dose version of this treatment. Today, over half of the Company's API manufacturing capacity is devoted to the production of ARVs. In September 2017 at the United Nations, Mylan announced its most recent step in the fight against the HIV epidemic. In partnership with institutions such as the Clinton Health Access Initiative, UNAIDS, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and the U.K.'s Department for International Development, Mylan entered into a unique public/private partnership to accelerate the availability of a next-generation antiretroviral treatment called TLD to patients in more than 90 low and middle income countries. As part of this alliance, Mylan has committed to selling this product (a combination tablet,

taken once daily, of the three molecules Dolutegravir, Lamivudine and Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate) to public-sector purchasers in countries such as South Africa and Kenya at a cost of approximately $75 per person per year.

In Australia , we have the highest market share in the generic pharmaceutical market by volume. Mylan is the number one supplier by volume to Australia's national pharmaceuticals program. The generic pharmaceutical market in Australia had sales of approximately $1.30 billion during the twelve months ended November 2017 . The acquired EPD Business and Meda businesses have enabled Mylan to broaden its product portfolio of branded and OTC products. Today Mylan Australia has a diverse platform and sales infrastructure capable of targeting most major market segments.

In Japan, we have a strong generics business which has has been among the fastest growing companies in the market over the past several years. The acquisition of the EPD Business has provided us with additional branded market presence and commercial reach. We also maintain manufacturing capabilities in Japan, which play a key role in supplying our businesses throughout the country. Currently, the market in Japan is largely composed of hospitals and clinics, but pharmacies are playing a greater role as generic substitution, aided by recent pro-generics government action, becomes more prevalent. Japan is the third largest single pharmaceutical market in the world by value, behind the U.S. and China, and the fifth largest generic prescription market worldwide by volume, with sales of approximately $8.0 billion during the twelve months ended November 2017 . According to the Japan Generic Medicines Association, the generic penetration rate reached approximately 69% as of the quarter ended September 2017 , up from approximately 65% in the comparable 2016 period. Beginning in 2013, we established an exclusive long-term strategic collaboration with Pfizer Japan Inc. ("Pfizer Japan") to develop, manufacture, distribute and market generic drugs in Japan. Under the agreement, both parties operate separate legal entities in Japan and collaborate on current and future generic products, sharing the costs and profits resulting from such collaboration. Mylan 's responsibilities, under the agreement, primarily consist of managing operations, including R&D and manufacturing. Pfizer Japan's responsibilities primarily consist of the commercialization of the combined generics portfolio and managing the marketing and sales effort. The acquired EPD Business, with its portfolio of branded products, is being promoted by our own sales force, and is run independently from our strategic collaboration with Pfizer Japan,

In Brazil , we operate a commercial business focused on providing high quality generic and branded injectable products to the Brazilian hospital segment. Our sales in this market segment are made through distributors, tenders, and more recently, direct sales to private hospitals. Brazil is the fourth largest generic pharmaceutical market in the world, behind the U.S., the combined European market and China, in terms of value. In the coming years, the Brazilian generic and branded generic pharmaceutical markets are expected to continue their growth trajectory primarily because of the increase of off patent reference drugs, the growth of biosimilars and the overall growth of the market. Our goal is to continue to build upon this local platform in order to further access the $13.0 billion Brazilian generic pharmaceutical market.

With the acquisition of Meda, we have grown our presence in other markets, such as China which is the third largest generic market in the world by value behind the U.S. and combined European market, with generic market sales of approximately $28.0 billion for the twelve months ended November 2017 . We also gained access to other markets including Russia, Turkey, and Mexico, and countries in South East Asia, and the Middle East. Our portfolio in these markets includes branded prescription, non-prescription and OTC products, and we now have the opportunity to reach these markets through an organized sales forces and direct access to the healthcare providers, as well as through distributor relationships.

Within the Rest of World region our key products include Amitiza in Japan, Dona, Elidel and our ARV products, Tenofovir, Lamivudine and Efavirenz ("TLE") and Tenofovir, Emtricitabine and Efavirenz ("TEE").

Product Development and Government Regulation

North America

U.S.

Prescription pharmaceutical products in the U.S. are generally marketed as either brand or generic drugs, while generic biologics are referred to as biosimilars. Brand products are usually marketed under brand names through marketing programs that are designed to generate physician and consumer loyalty. Brand products are generally patent protected, which provides a period of market exclusivity during which time they are sold with little or no competition, although there are typically other participants in the therapeutic area. Additionally, brand products may benefit from other periods of non-patent market exclusivity.

Generic pharmaceutical products are the pharmaceutical and therapeutic equivalents of an approved brand drug, known as the reference listed drug ("RLD") that is listed in the FDA publication entitled Approved Drug Products with

Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations , popularly known as the "Orange Book." The Drug Price Competition and Patent Term Restoration Act of 1984 (the "Hatch-Waxman Act") provides that generic drugs may enter the market after the approval of an ANDA, which generally requires that similarity to an RLD, including bioequivalence, be demonstrated, any patents on the RLD have expired or been found to be invalid or not infringed, and any market exclusivity periods related to the RLD have ended. Because approved generic drugs have been found to be the same as their respective RLDs, they can be expected to have the same safety and effectiveness profile as the RLD. Accordingly, generic products provide a safe, effective and cost-efficient alternative to users of these reference brand products. Branded generic pharmaceutical products are generic products that are more responsive to the promotion efforts generally used to promote brand products. Growth in the generic pharmaceutical industry has been, and will continue to be, driven by the increased market acceptance of generic drugs and biosimilars, as well as the number of brand drugs for which patent terms and/or other market exclusivities have expired.

We obtain new generic products primarily through internal product development. Additionally, we increasingly collaborate with other companies by entering into licensing or co-development agreements, including R&D partnerships for biosimilars. All applications for FDA approval must contain information relating to product formulation, raw material suppliers, stability, manufacturing processes, packaging, labeling and quality control. Information to support the bioequivalence of generic drug products or the safety and effectiveness of new drug products for their intended use is also required to be submitted. There are generally four types of applications used for obtaining FDA approval of new products:

New Drug Application ("NDA") - An NDA is filed when approval is sought to market a newly developed branded product and, in certain instances, for a new dosage form, a new delivery system or a new indication for a previously approved drug.

ANDA -  An ANDA is filed when approval is sought to market a generic equivalent of a drug product previously approved under an NDA and listed in the FDA's Orange Book or for a new dosage strength for a drug previously approved under an ANDA.

Biologics License Application ("BLA") - A BLA is similar to an NDA, but is submitted to seek approval to market a drug product that is a biologic, which generally is a product derived from a living organism.

Biosimilars Application - This is an abbreviated approval pathway for a biologic product that is "highly similar" to a product previously approved under a BLA.

The ANDA development process is generally less time-consuming and complex than the NDA development process. It typically does not require new preclinical and clinical studies, because it relies on the studies establishing safety and efficacy conducted for the RLD previously approved through the NDA process. The ANDA process, however, does typically require one or more bioequivalence studies to show that the ANDA drug is bioequivalent to the previously approved reference listed brand drug. Bioequivalence studies compare the bioavailability of the proposed drug product with that of the RLD product containing the same active ingredient. Bioavailability is a measure of the rate and extent to which the active ingredient or active moiety is absorbed from a drug product and becomes available at the site of action. Thus, a demonstration of bioequivalence confirms the absence of a significant difference between the proposed product and the reference listed brand drug in terms of the rate and extent to which the active ingredient or active moiety becomes available at the site of drug action when administered at the same molar dose under similar conditions. An ANDA also typically must show that the proposed generic product is the same as the RLD in terms of active ingredient(s), strength, dosage form, route of administration and labeling.

Generic products are generally introduced to the marketplace at the expiration of patent protection for the brand product or at the end of a period of non-patent market exclusivity. However, if an ANDA applicant files an ANDA containing a certification of invalidity, non-infringement or unenforceability related to a patent listed in the Orange Book with respect to a reference drug product, the applicant may be able to market the generic equivalent prior to the expiration of patent protection for the brand product. Such patent certification is commonly referred to as a Paragraph IV certification. Generally, if the patent owner brings an infringement action within 45  days from receiving notification by the applicant, the FDA may not approve the ANDA application until the earlier of the rendering of a court decision favorable to the ANDA applicant or the expiration of 30  months. An ANDA applicant that is first to file a substantially complete ANDA containing a Paragraph IV certification is eligible for a period of generic marketing exclusivity. This exclusivity, which under certain circumstances may be required to be shared with other applicable ANDA sponsors with Paragraph IV certifications, lasts for 180  days, during which the FDA cannot grant final approval to other ANDA sponsors holding applications for a generic equivalent to the same reference drug.

In addition to patent exclusivity, the holder of the NDA for the listed drug may be entitled to a period of non-patent market exclusivity, during which the FDA cannot approve (or in some cases, accept for review) an application for a generic version product. If the reference drug is a new chemical entity (which generally means the active moiety has not previously been approved), the FDA may not accept an ANDA for a generic product for up to five years following approval of the NDA for the new chemical entity. If it is not a new chemical entity, but the holder of the NDA conducted clinical trials essential to

approval of the NDA or a supplement thereto, the FDA may not approve an ANDA for the reference NDA product before the expiration of three years from the date of approval of the NDA or supplement. Certain other periods of exclusivity may be available if the RLD is indicated for treatment of a rare disease or the sponsor conducts pediatric studies in accordance with FDA requirements.

Supplemental ANDAs are required for approval of various types of changes to an approved application and these supplements may be under review for six months or more. In addition, certain types of changes may only be approved once new bioequivalence studies are conducted or other requirements are satisfied.

A number of branded pharmaceutical patent expirations are expected over the next several years. These patent expirations should provide additional generic product opportunities. We intend to concentrate our generic product development activities on branded products with significant sales in specialized or growing markets or in areas that offer significant opportunities and other competitive advantages. In addition, we intend to continue to focus our development efforts on technically difficult-to-formulate products or products that require advanced manufacturing technology.

The Biologics Price Competition and Innovation Act ("BPCIA") authorizes the FDA to license a biological product that is a "biosimilar" to an FDA-licensed biologic through an abbreviated pathway. The BPCIA establishes criteria for determining that a product is biosimilar to an already licensed biologic, known as the "reference product," and establishes a process by which an abbreviated BLA for a biosimilar product is submitted, reviewed and approved. This abbreviated approval pathway is intended to permit a biosimilar product to come to market more quickly and less expensively than if a full BLA were submitted, by relying to some extent on FDA's previous review and approval of the reference product. Generally, a biosimilar must be shown to be highly similar to, and have no clinically meaningful differences in safety, purity or potency from, the reference product. The BPCIA provides periods of exclusivity that protect a reference product from biosimilars competition. Under the BPCIA, the FDA may not accept a biosimilar application for review until four years after the date of first licensure of the reference product, and the biosimilar may not be licensed until twelve years after the reference product's approval. Additionally, the BPCIA establishes procedures by which the biosimilar applicant must provide information about its application and product to the reference product sponsor, and by which information about potentially relevant patents is shared and litigation over patents may proceed in advance of approval. The BPCIA also provides a period of exclusivity for the first biosimilar to be determined by the FDA to be interchangeable with the reference product.

We anticipate that the BPCIA will continue to evolve as the statute is implemented over a period of years. This likely will be accomplished by a variety of means, including FDA issuance of guidance documents, proposed regulations, and decisions in the course of considering specific applications. In that regard, the FDA has to date issued various guidance documents and other materials providing indications of the agency's thinking regarding any number of issues implicated by the BPCIA. Additionally, as the FDA continues to approve biosimilar applications, the agency's approach to certain issues will continue to be defined.

An additional requirement for FDA approval of NDAs and ANDAs is that our manufacturing procedures and operations conform to FDA requirements and guidelines, generally referred to as current Good Manufacturing Practices ("cGMP"). The requirements for FDA approval encompass all aspects of the production process, including validation and recordkeeping, the standards around which are continuously changing and evolving.

Facilities, procedures, operations and/or testing of products are subject to periodic inspection by the FDA, the Drug Enforcement Administration ("DEA") and other authorities. In addition, the FDA conducts pre-approval and post-approval reviews and plant inspections to determine whether our systems and processes are in compliance with cGMP and other FDA regulations. Our suppliers are subject to similar regulations and periodic inspections.

In 2012, the Food and Drug Administration Safety and Innovation Act ("FDASIA") was enacted into law. FDASIA is intended to enhance the safety and security of the U.S. drug supply chain by holding all drug manufacturers supplying products to the U.S. to the same FDA inspection standards. Specifically, prior to the passage of FDASIA, U.S. law required U.S. based manufacturers to be inspected by FDA every two years but remained silent with respect to foreign manufacturers, causing some foreign manufacturers to go as many as nine years without a routine FDA cGMP inspection, according to the Government Accountability Office.

FDASIA also includes the Generic Drug User Fee Agreement ("GDUFA"), a novel user fee program to provide funding to the FDA that focused on three key aims:

Safety – Ensure that industry participants, foreign or domestic, are held to consistent quality standards and are inspected with foreign and domestic parity using a risk-based approach.

Access – Expedite the availability of generic drugs by bringing greater predictability to the review times for ANDAs, amendments and supplements and improving timeliness in the review process.

Transparency – Enhance FDA's visibility into the complex global supply environment by requiring the identification of facilities involved in the manufacture of drugs and associated APIs, and improve FDA's communications and feedback with industry.

In August 2017, the Food and Drug Administration Reauthorization Act reauthorized the generic drug user fee program, which provides for an updated fee structure through September 2022 ("GDUFA II"). Under GDUFA II, approximately 27% of the total fees paid to FDA are derived from facility fees paid by FDF manufacturers, API facilities, and contract manufacturers listed or referenced in pending or approved generic drug applications while approximately 35% derive from newly-implemented, tiered program fees based on the size of a company's ANDA product portfolio. The remaining approximately 38% of the total fees derive from application fees, including generic drug application fees and DMF fees. The objective of GDUFA II is to continue to ensure patients have access to safe, high-quality, and affordable generic medicines.

The process required by the FDA before a pharmaceutical product with active ingredients that have not been previously approved may be marketed in the U.S. generally involves the following:

Preclinical tests include laboratory evaluation of the product and its chemistry, formulation and stability, as well as toxicology and pharmacology studies to help define the pharmacological profile of the drug and assess the potential safety and efficacy of the product. The results of these studies are submitted to the FDA as part of the IND. They must demonstrate that the product delivers sufficient quantities of the drug to the bloodstream or intended site of action to produce the desired therapeutic results before human clinical trials may begin. These studies must also provide the appropriate supportive safety information necessary for the FDA to determine whether the clinical studies proposed to be conducted under the IND can safely proceed. The IND automatically becomes effective 30 days after receipt by the FDA unless the FDA, during that 30-day period, raises concerns or questions about the conduct of the proposed trials, as outlined in the IND. In such cases, the IND sponsor and the FDA must resolve any outstanding concerns before clinical trials may begin. In addition, an independent institutional review board must review and approve any clinical study prior to initiation.

Human clinical studies are typically conducted in three sequential phases, which may overlap:

The results of the product development, preclinical studies and clinical studies are then submitted to the FDA as part of the NDA or BLA. The NDA/BLA drug development and approval process could take from three to more than ten years.

Canada

In Canada, the approval process for innovative ("brand") pharmaceuticals is governed by Health Canada, the agency responsible for national public health, to ensure that the quality, safety and efficacy of the product have been established. A brand company may seek approval to sell an innovative product by submitting a new drug submission ("NDS") to Health Canada. The NDS will contain quality, safety and efficacy data from clinical trials of the drug in relevant patient populations. If Health Canada is satisfied with the quality, safety and efficacy described in the NDS, it issues a Notice of Compliance ("NOC") for that product. Once a NOC is obtained, the owner or exclusive licensee of patents relating to the brand drug may list patents relating to the medicinal ingredient, formulation, dosage form or the use of the drug on the Patent Register, which links the patent system to the generic regulatory approval process (discussed below).

The approval process for generic pharmaceuticals has two tracks that may proceed in parallel. The first track involves an examination of the product by Health Canada. Second persons (i.e., generic companies) may seek approval to sell a product by submitting an abbreviated new drug submission ("ANDS") to Health Canada to demonstrate that its product is bioequivalent to the brand reference product already marketed in Canada under an NOC. When Health Canada is satisfied with the quality, safety and efficacy described in the ANDS, it issues a NOC for that product, subject to any brand patents in the second track of the approval process.

The second track of the approval process is governed by the Patented Medicines NOC Regulations. Where a generic applicant makes direct or indirect reference in its ANDS to a brand product for which there are patents listed on the Patent Register, the generic must make at least one of the statutory allegations with respect to each patent listed (e.g., that the generic will await patent expiry, or the patent is invalid and/or would not be infringed). If the generic challenges the listed patent, it is required to serve the originator with a Notice of Allegation ("NOA"), which gives a detailed statement of the factual and legal basis for its allegations. If the brand wishes to seek an order prohibiting the issuance of the NOC to the generic, it must commence a court action within 45  days after it has been served with the NOA. The brand may elect whether to take advantage of a 24-month stay of the issuance of the NOC to the generic during the pendency of the PM (NOC) litigation. If an action is commenced and the brand elects to stay, Health Canada may not issue a NOC until the earlier of the determination of the proceeding by the court, or the expiration of 24  months. To obtain a prohibition order / declaration of infringement, the brand must satisfy the court that the generics' allegations of invalidity and/or non-infringement are not justified.

Section C.08.004.1 of the Canadian Food and Drug Regulations is the so-called data protection provision. A generic applicant does not need to perform duplicate clinical trials similar to those conducted by the first NOC holder (i.e., the brand), but is permitted to demonstrate safety and efficacy by submitting data demonstrating that its formulation is bioequivalent to the approved brand formulation. The first party to obtain an NOC for a drug in Canada will have an eight-year period of exclusivity starting from the date it received its NOC based on that clinical data. A subsequent applicant who seeks to establish safety and efficacy by comparing its product to the product that received the first NOC will not be able to file its own application until six years after the issuance of the first NOC, and cannot receive ultimate approval for an additional two years. If the first NOC holder also conducts clinical trials in pediatric populations, it will be entitled to an extra six months of data protection. A drug is only entitled to data protection so long as it is being marketed in Canada.

Facilities, procedures, operations and/or testing of products are subject to periodic inspection by Health Canada and the Health Products and Food Branch Inspectorate. In addition, Health Canada conducts reviews and plant inspections to determine whether our systems are in compliance with the good manufacturing practices in Canada, Drug Establishment Licensing ("EL") requirements and other provisions of the Regulations. Competitors are subject to similar regulations and inspections.

Europe

The European Union ("EU") presents complex challenges from a regulatory perspective. There is over-arching legislation which is then implemented at a local level by the 28 individual member states, Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway. Between 1995 and 1998, the legislation was revised in an attempt to simplify and harmonize product registration. This revised legislation introduced the mutual recognition ("MR") procedure, whereby after submission and approval by the authorities of the so-called reference member state ("RMS"), further applications can be submitted into the other chosen member states (known as concerned member states). Theoretically, the authorization of the RMS should be mutually recognized by the concerned member states. More typically, however, a degree of re-evaluation is carried out by the concerned member states. In November 2005, this legislation was further revised. In addition to the MR procedure, the decentralized procedure ("DCP") was introduced. The DCP is also led by the RMS, but applications are simultaneously submitted to all selected countries, provided that no national marketing authorization has been granted yet for the medicinal product in question. From 2005, the centralized procedure operated by the European Medicines Agency ("EMA") became available for generic versions of innovator products approved through the centralized authorization procedure. The centralized procedure results in a single marketing authorization (in addition to separate marketing authorizations for Iceland, Lichtenstein and Norway) which, once granted, can be used by the marketing-authorization holder to file for individual country reimbursement and make the medicine available in all of the EU countries listed on the application.

In the EU, the manufacture and sale of pharmaceutical products is regulated in a manner substantially similar to that of the U.S. requirements, which generally prohibit the handling, manufacture, marketing and importation of any pharmaceutical product unless it is properly registered in accordance with applicable law. The registration file relating to any particular product must contain medical data related to product efficacy and safety, including results of clinical testing and references to medical publications, as well as detailed information regarding production methods and quality control. Health ministries are authorized to cancel the registration of a product if it is found to be harmful or ineffective or if it is manufactured or marketed other than in accordance with registration conditions.

Pursuant to the MR procedure, a marketing authorization is first sought in one member state from the national regulatory agency. The RMS makes its assessment report on the quality, efficacy and safety of the medicinal product available to the other concerned member states where marketing authorizations are also sought under the MR procedure.

The DCP is based on the same fundamental idea as the MR procedure. In contrast to the MR procedure, however, the DCP requires that no national marketing authorization has yet been granted for the medicinal product. The pharmaceutical company applies for marketing authorization simultaneously in all the member states of the EU in which it wants to market the product. After consultation with the pharmaceutical company, one of the member states concerned in the DCP will become the RMS. The competent agency of the RMS undertakes the scientific evaluation of the medicinal product on behalf of the other concerned member states and coordinates the procedure. If all the member states involved (both RMSs and concerned member states) agree to grant marketing authorizations, this decision forms the basis for the granting of the national marketing authorizations in the respective member states.

Neither the MR nor DCPs result in automatic approval in all member states. If any member state has objections, particularly in relation to potential serious risk to public health, which cannot be resolved within the procedure scope and timelines, they will be referred to the coordination group for MR and DCPs and reviewed in a 60 -day procedure. If this 60 -day procedure does not result in a consensus by all member states, the product can be marketed in the countries whose health authorities agree that the product can be licensed. The issue raised will then enter a second referral procedure.

As with the MR procedure, the advantage of the DCP is that the pharmaceutical company receives identical marketing authorizations for its medicinal product in all the member states of the EU in which it wants to market the product. This leads to considerable streamlining of all regulatory activities in regard to the product. Variations, line extensions, renewals, and more are also handled in a coordinated manner with the RMS leading the activity.

Once a DCP has been completed, the pharmaceutical company can subsequently apply for marketing authorizations for the medicinal product in additional EU member states by means of the MR procedure.

All products, whether centrally authorized or authorized by the MR or DCP, may only be sold in other member states if the product information is in the official language of the state in which the product will be sold, which effectively requires specific packaging and labeling of the product.

Before a generic pharmaceutical product can be marketed in the EU, a marketing authorization must be obtained. If a generic pharmaceutical product is shown to be essentially the same as, or bioequivalent to, one that is already on the market

and which has been authorized in the EU for a specified number of years, as explained in the section on data exclusivity below, no further preclinical or clinical trials are required for that new generic pharmaceutical product to be authorized. The generic applicant can file an abridged application for marketing authorization, but in order to take advantage of the abridged procedure, the generic manufacturer must demonstrate specific similarities, including bioequivalence, to the already authorized product. Access to clinical data of the reference drug is governed by the European laws relating to data exclusivity, which are outlined below. Other products, such as new dosages of established products, must be subjected to further testing, and "bridging data" in respect of these further tests must be submitted along with the abridged application.

An applicant for a generic marketing authorization currently cannot avail itself of the abridged procedure in the EU by relying on the originator pharmaceutical company's data until expiry of the relevant period of exclusivity given to that data. Since October 30, 2015, EU directive (2004/27/EC) provides for an eight -year data exclusivity period commencing from the grant of first marketing authorization. After the eight -year period has expired, a generic applicant can refer to the data of the originator pharmaceutical company in order to file an abridged application for approval of its generic equivalent product. Yet, conducting the necessary studies and trials for an abridged application, within the data exclusivity period, is not regarded as contrary to patent rights or to supplementary protection certificates for medicinal products. However, the applicant will not be able to launch its product for an additional two years. This ten -year total period may be extended to 11  years if the original marketing authorization holder obtains, within those initial eight years, a further authorization for a new therapeutic use of the product which is shown to be of significant clinical benefit. Further, specific data exclusivity for one year may be obtained for a new indication for a well-established substance, provided that significant preclinical or clinical studies were carried out in relation to the new indication.

Under the national procedure, a company applies for a marketing authorization in one member state. The national procedure can now only be used if the pharmaceutical company does not seek authorization in more than one member state. If it does seek wider marketing authorizations, it must use the MR or DCP.

In addition to obtaining approval for each product, in most EU countries the pharmaceutical product manufacturer's facilities must obtain approval from the national supervisory authority. The EU has a code of good manufacturing practice, with which the marketing authorization holder must comply. Regulatory authorities in the EU may conduct inspections of the manufacturing facilities to review procedures, operating systems and personnel qualifications.

In order to control expenditures on pharmaceuticals, most member states in the EU regulate the pricing and reimbursement of products and in some cases limit the range of different forms of drugs available for prescription by national health services. These controls can result in considerable price differences between member states. In addition, in past years, as part of overall programs to reduce healthcare costs, certain European governments have prohibited price increases and have introduced various systems designed to lower prices. Some European governments have also set minimum targets for generics prescribing.

Certain European markets in which Mylan does business have recently undergone, some for the first time, or will soon undergo, government-imposed price reductions or similar pricing pressures on pharmaceutical products. In addition, a number of markets in which we operate have implemented or may implement tender, or tender-like, systems for generic pharmaceuticals in an effort to lower prices. Under tender systems, health insurers invite manufacturers to submit bids that establish prices for generic pharmaceuticals. Upon winning the tender, the winning company may receive a preferential reimbursement for a period of time. Such measures are likely to have a negative impact on sales and gross profit in these markets. However, some pro-generic government initiatives in certain markets could help to offset some of this unfavorable effect by potentially increasing generic utilization.

Rest of World

Australia

The pharmaceutical industry is one of the most highly regulated industries in Australia. The Australian government is heavily involved in the operation of the industry, through the registration of medicines and licensing of manufacturing facilities, as well as subsidizing patient cost of most prescription medicines sold in Australia. The Australian government authority, the Therapeutic Goods Administration (the "TGA"), regulates the quality, safety and efficacy of therapeutic goods and is responsible for granting authorization to market pharmaceutical products in Australia and for inspecting and approving manufacturing facilities.

The TGA operates according to the Commonwealth of Australia's Therapeutic Goods Act 1989 (Cth) (the "Act"). Specifically, the Act regulates the registration, listing, quality, safety, efficacy, promotion and sale of therapeutic goods,

including pharmaceuticals, supplied in Australia. The TGA carries out a range of assessment and monitoring activities to ensure that therapeutic goods available in Australia are of an acceptable standard with a goal of ensuring that the Australian community has access within a reasonable time to therapeutic advances. Australian manufacturers of all medicines must be licensed under Part 3-3 of the Act and their manufacturing processes must comply with the principles of good manufacturing practices in Australia. Similar standards and audits apply for both domestic and foreign manufactured products.

Generic medicines are subject to an abbreviated review process by the TGA, if the product can demonstrate essential similarity to the originator brand. Essential similarity means the same active ingredient in the same dose form, delivering the active ingredient to the patient at the same rate and extent, compared to the original brand. If proven, safety and efficacy is assumed to be the same.

All therapeutic goods manufactured for supply in Australia must be listed or registered in the Australian Register of Therapeutic Goods (the "ARTG") before they can be promoted or supplied for use and/or sale in Australia. The ARTG is a database kept for the purpose of compiling information in relation to therapeutic goods for use in humans and lists therapeutic goods which are approved for supply in Australia.

Medicines assessed as having a higher level of risk must be registered, while those with a lower level of risk can be listed. The majority of listed medicines are self-selected by consumers and used for self-treatment. In assessing the level of risk, factors such as the strength of a product, side effects, potential harm through prolonged use, toxicity and the seriousness of the medical condition for which the product is intended to be used are taken into account.

Labeling, packaging and advertising of pharmaceutical products are also regulated by the Act and other relevant statutes including fair trading laws and pharmaceutical industry codes.

Australia has a five-year data exclusivity period, whereby any data relating to a pharmaceutical product cannot be referred to or used in the examination by the TGA of another company's dossier, until five years after the original product was approved.

The Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (the "PBS"), which has been in place since 1948, subsidizes the cost to consumers of medicines listed on the PBS, if the medicines have demonstrated acceptable clinical need, cost and effectiveness. The goal of the PBS is to make medicines available at the lowest cost compatible with reliable supply and to base access on medical need rather than ability to pay.

The government exerts a significant degree of control over the pharmaceuticals market through the PBS. More than 80% of all prescription medicine sold in Australia is reimbursed by the PBS. The PBS is operated under the Commonwealth of Australia's National Health Act 1953. This statute governs matters such as who may sell pharmaceutical products, the prices at which pharmaceutical products may be sold to consumers and the prices government pays manufacturers, wholesalers and pharmacists for subsidized medicines.

If a new medicine is to be considered for listing on the PBS, the price is determined through a full health economic analysis submitted to the government's advisory committee, the Pharmaceutical Benefits Advisory Committee (the "PBAC"), based on incremental benefit to health outcome. If the incremental benefit justifies the price requested, the PBAC then makes a recommendation to the government to consider listing the product on the PBS. In May 2014, as part of a government reform program in Australia, the Pharmaceutical Benefits Pricing Authority was abolished and the Minister for Health ("Minister"), or delegate, considers pricing matters for approximately five to six weeks following PBAC meetings. Factors contributing to pricing decisions include items such as information on the claims made in a submission, advice from the PBAC, information about the proposed price, the price and use of comparative medicines and the cost of producing the medicine, although with additional associated costs. The Minister may recommend that the proposed price is accepted; further negotiations take place for a lower price or prices within a specific range; or for some products, risk sharing arrangements to be developed and agreed upon. The Australian government's purchasing power is used to obtain lower prices as a means of controlling the cost of the program. The PBS also stipulates the wholesaler margin for drugs listed on the PBS. Wholesalers therefore have little pricing power over the majority of their product range and as a result are unable to increase profitability by increasing prices.

Following entry of the first generic product(s) onto the market, the PBS price reimbursed to pharmacies decreases by 16% for both the originator product and generic products with a brand equivalence indicator permitting substitution at the pharmacy level. Thereafter, both the originator and generic suppliers are required to disclose pricing information relating to the sale of medicines to the Price Disclosure Data Administrator, and twelve months after initial generic entry, there is a further PBS price reduction based on the weighted average disclosed price if the weighted average disclosed price is 10% or more below the existing PBS price. Ongoing price disclosure cycles and calculation of the weighted average disclosed price occur

every six months, and further reductions are made to the PBS price whenever the weighted average disclosed price is 10% or more below the existing PBS price. Effective from April 2016 to April 2020, the government introduced an annual 5% statutory price reduction for medicines in the F1 (originator) formulary. In addition, during 2017, the government proposed additional measures including an extension of the price reductions to 2022 and additional one-time statutory price reductions. The legislation for these proposals was passed by the Australian Parliament in February 2018. The price disclosure system has had, and will continue to have, a negative impact on sales and gross profit in this market.

Japan

In Japan, we are governed by various laws and regulations, including the Pharmaceutical Affairs Law (Law No. 145, 1960), as amended by the Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Law ("PMDL"), and the Products Liability Law (Law No. 85, 1994). The PMDL was amended in November 2014 to establish a fast-track authorization process for regenerative medicine products, restructure medical device regulation and establish reporting obligations for package inserts for drugs and medical devices. Regenerative medicine products are newly defined under the amended PMDL as a product for medical use in humans to reconstruct, restore, or form the structure or function of a human body, in which cells of humans are cultured or otherwise processed.

Under the amended PMDL, there are two routes to obtain authorization to manufacture and market a medicine product. The first route is the standard authorization system for drugs in which the efficacy and safety of the product must be shown in order to obtain authorization. The standard authorization procedure may take a significant amount of time to launch a regenerative medicine product because the quality of regenerative medicine products is heterogeneous by nature and therefore it is difficult to collect the data necessary to evaluate and demonstrate the efficacy. As such, the amended PMDL instituted the second route as follows: if the regenerative medicine product is heterogeneous, the efficacy of the regenerative medicine product is assumed. Thus, if the safety of the regenerative medicine product is demonstrated through clinical trials, the Minister of the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare ("MHLW") may authorize the applicant to manufacture and market the regenerative medicine product with certain conditions for a fixed term after receiving an expert opinion from the Pharmaceutical Affairs and Food Sanitation Council.

The amended PMDL also restructured medical device regulations including expanding the scope for certification in accordance with the classifications agreed upon by the Global Harmonization Task Force, new regulations on medical device software in which software may be authorized as a medical device independent of the medical device hardware into which it is incorporated, system change for medical device manufacturing so that a company may manufacture a medical device when the company registers such medical device and streamlined Quality Management Service Inspection such that the inspection is performed for each category of medical products.

In addition, under the amended PMDL, the holder of a business license for the manufacture and marketing of regenerative medicine products or medical devices must notify the MHLW of the contents of the package insert, including any cautionary statements necessary to use and deal with the products, before it manufactures and markets them. The license holder must also publish the contents of the package inserts on the website of the Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency.

Under the amended PMDL, the retailing or supply of a pharmaceutical that a person has manufactured (including manufacturing under license) or imported is defined as "marketing," and in order to market pharmaceuticals, one has to obtain a license, which we refer to herein as a Marketing License, from the MHLW. The authority to grant the "Marketing License" is delegated to prefectural governors; therefore, the relevant application must be filed with the relevant prefectural governor. A Marketing License will not be granted if the quality control system for the pharmaceutical for which the Marketing License has been applied or the post-marketing safety management system for the relevant pharmaceutical does not comply with the standards specified by the relevant Ministerial Ordinance made under the amended PMDL.

In addition to the Marketing License, a person intending to market a pharmaceutical must, for each product, obtain marketing approval from the MHLW with respect to such marketing, which we refer to herein as "Marketing Approval." Marketing Approval is granted subject to examination of the name, ingredients, quantities, structure, administration and dosage, method of use, indications and effects, performance and adverse reactions, and the quality, efficacy and safety of the pharmaceutical. A person intending to obtain Marketing Approval must attach materials, such as data related to the results of clinical trials (including a bioequivalence study, in the case of generic pharmaceuticals) or conditions of usage in foreign countries. Japan provides for market exclusivity through a reexamination system, which prevents the entry of generic pharmaceuticals until the end of the re-examination period, which can be up to eight years, and ten years in the case of drugs used to treat rare diseases ("orphan drugs").

The authority to grant Marketing Approval in relation to pharmaceuticals for certain specified purposes (e.g., cold medicines and decongestants) is delegated to the prefectural governors by the MHLW, and applications in relation to such pharmaceuticals must be filed with the governor of the relevant prefecture where the relevant company's head office is located. Applications for pharmaceuticals for which the authority to grant the Marketing Approval remains with the MHLW must be filed with the Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency. When an application is submitted for a pharmaceutical whose active ingredients, quantities, administration and dosage, method of use, indications and effects are distinctly different from those of pharmaceuticals which have already been approved, the MHLW must seek the opinion of the Pharmaceutical Affairs and Food Sanitation Council.

The amended PMDL provides that when (a) the pharmaceutical that is the subject of an application is shown not to result in the indicated effects or performance indicated in the application, (b) the pharmaceutical is found to have no value as a pharmaceutical because it has harmful effects outweighing its indicated effects or performance, or (c) in addition to (a) and (b) above, when the pharmaceutical falls within the category designated by the relevant Ministerial Ordinance as not being appropriate as a pharmaceutical, Marketing Approval shall not be granted.

The MHLW must cancel a Marketing Approval, after hearing the opinion of the Pharmaceutical Affairs and Food Sanitation Council, when the MHLW finds that the relevant pharmaceutical falls under any of (a) through (c) above. In addition, the MHLW can order the amendment of a Marketing Approval when it is necessary to do so from the viewpoint of public health and hygiene. Moreover, the MHLW can order the cancellation or amendment of a Marketing Approval when (1) the necessary materials for re-examination or re-evaluation, which the MHLW has ordered considering the character of pharmaceuticals, have not been submitted, false materials have been submitted or the materials submitted do not comply with the criteria specified by the MHLW, (2) the relevant company's Marketing License has expired or has been canceled (a Marketing License needs to be renewed every five years), (3) the regulations regarding investigations of facilities in relation to manufacturing management standards or quality control have been violated, (4) the conditions set in relation to the Marketing Approval have been violated, or (5) the relevant pharmaceutical has not been marketed for three consecutive years without a due reason.

Doctors and pharmacists providing medical services pursuant to national health insurance (the "NHI") are prohibited from using pharmaceuticals other than those specified by the MHLW. The MHLW also specifies the standards of pharmaceutical prices, which we refer to herein as NHI Drug Price Standards. The NHI Drug Price Standards are used as the basis of the calculation of the price paid by medical insurance for pharmaceuticals. The governmental policy relating to medical services and the health insurance system, as well as the NHI Drug Price Standards, is revised every two years. At the end of 2017, the Council on Economic and Fiscal Policy, announced changes to various aspects of its drug pricing policies, including among others, a move from biannual drug pricing revisions to annual revisions.

Brazil

In Brazil, pharmaceutical manufacturers and all products and services that affect the health of the population are regulated by the National Agency of Sanitary Surveillance ("ANVISA"), created by Law No. 9,782, of January 26, 1999. ANVISA is a governmental body directly linked to the Ministry of Health and is part of the Unified Health System, responsible for the sanitary control of production, storage, distribution, importation and marketing of products and services subject to sanitary surveillance. ANVISA is also responsible for registering drugs and supervising quality control, as well as issuing licenses to companies for the manufacturing, handling, packaging, distribution, advertising, importation and exportation of pharmaceutical products. ANVISA regularly monitors the market's economic regulations and is responsible for the price control of pharmaceutical drugs.

Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients

The primary regulatory oversight of API manufacturers is through inspection of the manufacturing facility in which APIs are produced, as well as the manufacturing processes and standards employed in the facility. The regulatory process by which API manufacturers generally register their products for commercial sale in the U.S. and other similarly regulated countries is via the filing of a DMF. DMFs are confidential documents containing information on the manufacturing facility and processes used in the manufacture, characterization, quality control, packaging and storage of an API. The DMF is reviewed for completeness by the FDA, or other similar regulatory agencies in other countries, in conjunction with applications filed by FDF manufacturers, requesting approval to use the given API in the production of their drug products.

Over-the-Counter Drug Products

A nonprescription, or OTC product, is a product that is sold directly to a consumer without a prescription from a healthcare professional, as compared to a prescription product, which may be sold only to consumers possessing a valid prescription. In many countries, OTC products are generally marketed with some type of safety and effectiveness review by a regulatory agency to ensure that they contain ingredients that are safe and effective when used as labeled without a physician's care. Like prescription products, an OTC product is also subjected to other general regulatory requirements, including those applicable to manufacturing practices and product advertising and promotion.

With the acquisition of Meda, the Company significantly enhanced its OTC product portfolio. The demand for OTC products is driven in part by government and healthcare provider cost pressures. The top OTC markets include developed markets like the U.S. and Europe as well as developing markets like China, Brazil and India, with the developing markets experiencing higher growth rates. In developed markets, the switch from prescription to OTC products in categories such as respiratory and gastrointestinal health has expanded access to treatments while reducing the cost for the healthcare systems.

Research and Development

R&D efforts are conducted on a global basis, primarily to enable us to develop, manufacture and market approved pharmaceutical products in accordance with applicable government regulations. Through various acquisitions, we have significantly bolstered our global R&D capabilities over the past several years, particularly in injectables and respiratory therapies. In the U.S., our largest market, the FDA is the principal regulatory body with respect to pharmaceutical products. Each of our other markets have separate pharmaceutical regulatory bodies, including, but not limited to, the National Agency for Medicines and Health Products in France, Health Canada, the Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency in the U.K., the EMA (a decentralized body of the EU), the Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices in Germany, the Health Products Regulatory Agency in Ireland, the Italian Medicines Agency, the Spanish Agency of Medicines and Medical Devices, the TGA in Australia, the MHLW in Japan, Drug Controller General of India, ANVISA in Brazil and the World Health Organization, the regulatory body of the United Nations.

Our global R&D strategy emphasizes the following areas:

The success of biosimilars in the marketplace and our ability to be successful in this emerging market will depend on the regulators' implementation of balanced scientific standards for approval, while not imposing excessive clinical testing

demands or other hurdles for well-established products. Furthermore, an efficient patent resolution mechanism and a well-defined mechanism to grant interchangeability after the establishment of biosimilarity with the reference biological product will be key elements determining our future success in this area.

We have a robust pipeline. As of December 31, 2017 , we had approximately 2,733 marketing license approvals pending. During 2017 , we completed 1,240 global country level product submissions, which included 51 in North America, 519 in Europe and 670 in Rest of World. These submissions included those for existing products in new markets as well as products new to the Mylan portfolio.

During the year ended December 31, 2017 , we received 822 individual country product approvals globally, which was equal to 1,126 approved new marketing licenses. Of those total individual country product approvals globally, there were 82 approvals in North America, including 68 in the U.S.; 474 approvals in Europe; and 266 approvals in Rest of World, of which 23 approvals were for ARV products. The 68 approvals in the U.S. consisted of 56 final ANDA approvals and twelve tentative ANDA approvals. The 474 approvals in Europe covered 93 different products resulting in a total of 778 product marketing licenses. The 266 approvals in Rest of World included 226 approvals from emerging markets which represented 83 products in 49 countries.

As of December 31, 2017 , in the U.S. we had 211 ANDAs pending FDA approval, representing approximately $93.4 billion in annual sales for the brand name equivalents of these products for the year ended December 31, 2017 . Of those pending product applications, 46 were first-to-file Paragraph IV ANDA patent challenges, representing approximately $42.1 billion in annual brand sales for the year ended December 31, 2017 . The historic branded drug sales are not indicative of future generic sales, but are included to illustrate the size of the branded product market. Our R&D spending totaled approximately $783.3 million , $826.8 million and $671.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2017 , 2016 and 2015 , respectively.

Collaboration and Licensing Agreements

We periodically enter into collaboration and licensing agreements with other pharmaceutical companies for the development, manufacture, marketing and/or sale of pharmaceutical products. Our significant collaboration agreements are focused on the development, manufacture, supply and commercialization of multiple, high-value biosimilar compounds, insulin analog products and respiratory products. Under these agreements, we have future potential milestone payments and co-development expenses payable to third parties as part of our licensing, development and co-development programs. Payments under these agreements generally become due and are payable upon the satisfaction or achievement of certain developmental, regulatory or commercial milestones or as development expenses are incurred on defined projects. Milestone payment obligations are uncertain, including the prediction of timing and the occurrence of events triggering a future obligation. These agreements may also include potential sales-based milestones and call for us to pay a percentage of amounts earned from the sale of the product as a royalty or a profit share. These sales-based milestones or royalty obligations may be significant depending upon the level of commercial sales for each product. The Company's significant collaboration and licensing agreements include agreements with Pfizer, Momenta Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (" Momenta "), Theravance Biopharma, Inc. (" Theravance Biopharma "), and Biocon Ltd. ("Biocon"). Refer to Note 17 Collaboration and Licensing Agreements included in Item 8 in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information related to our collaborations.

Patents, Trademarks and Licenses

We own or license a number of patents in the U.S. and other countries covering certain products and have also developed brand names and trademarks for other products. Generally, the branded pharmaceutical business relies upon patent protection to ensure market exclusivity for the life of the patent. We consider the overall protection of our patents, trademarks and license rights to be of significant value and act to protect these rights from infringement.

In the branded pharmaceutical industry, the majority of an innovative product's commercial value is usually realized during the period in which the product has market exclusivity. In the U.S. and some other countries, when market exclusivity expires and generic versions of a product are approved and marketed, there can often be very substantial and rapid declines in the branded product's sales. The rate of this decline varies by country and by therapeutic category; however, following patent expiration, branded products often continue to have market viability based upon the goodwill of the product name, which typically benefits from trademark protection.

An innovator product's market exclusivity is generally determined by two forms of intellectual property: patent rights held by the innovator company and any regulatory forms of exclusivity to which the innovator is entitled.

Patents are a key determinant of market exclusivity for most branded pharmaceuticals. Patents provide the innovator with the right to lawfully exclude others from practicing an invention related to the medicine. Patents may cover, among other things, the active ingredient(s), various uses of a drug product, pharmaceutical formulations, drug delivery mechanisms and processes for (or intermediates useful in) the manufacture of products. Protection for individual products extends for varying periods in accordance with the expiration dates of patents in the various countries. The protection afforded, which may also vary from country to country, depends upon the type of patent, its scope of coverage and the availability of meaningful legal remedies in the country.

Market exclusivity is also sometimes influenced by regulatory intellectual property rights. Many developed countries provide certain non-patent incentives for the development of medicines. For example, the U.S., the EU and Japan each provide for a minimum period of time after the approval of a new drug during which the regulatory agency may not rely upon the innovator's data to approve a competitor's generic copy. Regulatory intellectual property rights are also available in certain markets as incentives for research on new indications, on orphan drugs and on medicines useful in treating pediatric patients. Regulatory intellectual property rights are independent of any patent rights and can be particularly important when a drug lacks broad patent protection. However, most regulatory forms of exclusivity do not prevent a competitor from gaining regulatory approval prior to the expiration of regulatory data exclusivity on the basis of the competitor's own safety and efficacy data on its drug, even when that drug is identical to that marketed by the innovator.

We estimate the likely market exclusivity period for each of our branded products on a case-by-case basis. It is not possible to predict the length of market exclusivity for any of our branded products with certainty because of the complex interaction between patent and regulatory forms of exclusivity and inherent uncertainties concerning patent litigation. There can be no assurance that a particular product will enjoy market exclusivity for the full period of time that we currently estimate or that the exclusivity will be limited to the estimate.

In addition to patents and regulatory forms of exclusivity, we also market products with trademarks. Trademarks have no effect on market exclusivity for a product, but are considered to have marketing value. Trademark protection continues in some countries as long as used; in other countries, as long as registered. Registration is for fixed terms and may be renewed indefinitely.

Customers and Marketing

In North America, we market products directly to wholesalers, distributors, retail pharmacy chains, long-term care facilities and mail order pharmacies. We also market our generic products indirectly to independent pharmacies, managed care organizations, hospitals, nursing homes, pharmacy benefit managers, GPOs and government entities. These customers, called "indirect customers," purchase our products primarily through our wholesale customers. In North America, wholesalers, retail drug chains, managed care organizations and payers have undergone, and are continuing to undergo, significant consolidation, which may result in these groups gaining additional purchasing leverage. Mylan markets its branded products to a number of different customer audiences in the U.S., including healthcare practitioners, wholesalers, pharmacists and pharmacy chains, hospitals, payers, pharmacy benefit managers, health maintenance organizations ("HMOs"), home healthcare, long-term care and patients. We reach these customers through our field-based sales force and National Accounts team, to increase our customers' understanding of the unique clinical characteristics and benefits of our branded products. Additionally, Mylan supports educational programs to consumers, physicians and patients.

In Europe and Rest of World, pharmaceuticals are sold to wholesalers, distributors, independent pharmacies and, in certain countries, directly to hospitals. Through a broad network of sales representatives, we adapt our marketing strategy to the different markets as dictated by their respective regulatory and competitive landscapes. Our API is sold primarily to pharmaceutical companies throughout the world, as well as to other Mylan subsidiaries.

The market for OTC products is growing and products are primarily marketed directly to consumers through a variety of media channels with an emphasis on developing and positioning the brands in a retail environment. The percentage of OTC products is generally higher in growth markets than in mature markets, often due to the fact that consumers in those markets have less access to advanced healthcare and reimbursement systems. In these circumstances, OTC products may replace prescription drugs. In more developed markets, demand for OTC products is driven by a growing interest in self-healing, wellness and improved quality of life. OTC products are commonly sold via retail channels such as pharmacies, drugstores or supermarkets directly to consumers. This makes it comparable to regular retail business with broad advertising and trade channel promotions. Consumers are often very loyal to well-known brands and as such, recommendation and reputation are very important in this market and it takes time and promotional effort to build strong brand names.

Major Customers

The following table represents the percentage of consolidated third party net sales to Mylan's major customers during the years ended December 31, 2017 , 2016 and 2015 :

Consistent with industry practice, we have a return policy that allows our customers to return product within a specified period prior to and subsequent to the expiration date. See the Application of Critical Accounting Policies section of our "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition" for a discussion of our more significant revenue recognition provisions.

Competition

Our primary competitors include other generic companies (both major multinational generic drug companies and various local generic drug companies) and branded drug companies that continue to sell or license branded pharmaceutical products after patent expirations and other statutory expirations. In the branded space, key competitors are generally other branded drug companies that compete based on their clinical characteristics and benefits. Our OTC products face competition from other major pharmaceutical companies and retailers who carry their own private label brands. Our ability to compete in the various OTC markets is affected by several factors, including customer acceptance, reputation, product quality, pricing and the effectiveness of our promotional activities. OTC markets are highly fragmented in terms of product categories and geographic market coverage.

Competitive factors in the major markets in which we participate can be summarized as follows:

North America

The U.S.  pharmaceutical industry is very competitive. Our competitors vary depending upon therapeutic areas and product categories. Primary competitors include the major manufacturers of brand name, OTC and generic pharmaceuticals. The primary means of competition are innovation and development, timely FDA approval, manufacturing capabilities, product quality, marketing, portfolio size, customer service, reputation and price. The environment of the U.S. pharmaceutical marketplace is highly sensitive to price. To compete effectively, we rely on cost-effective manufacturing processes to meet the rapidly changing needs of our customers around a reliable, high quality supply of generic pharmaceutical products.

Our competitors include other generic manufacturers, as well as branded companies, including those who license their products to generic manufacturers prior to patent expiration or as relevant patents expire, or who enact pricing strategies for their brands in order to compete directly with generics. Further regulatory approval is not required for a branded manufacturer to sell its pharmaceutical products directly or through a third-party to the generic market, nor do such manufacturers face any other significant barriers to entry into such market. Our competitors for certain branded products include branded manufacturers who offer products for the treatment of COPD and severe allergies, as well as brand companies that license their products to generic manufacturers prior to patent expiration.

The U.S. pharmaceutical market is undergoing, and is expected to continue to undergo, rapid and significant technological changes, and we expect competition to intensify as technological advances are made. We intend to compete in this marketplace by (1) developing therapeutic equivalents to branded products and biosimilars that offer unique marketing opportunities, are difficult to formulate and/or have significant market size, (2) developing or licensing brand pharmaceutical products that are either patented or proprietary and (3) developing or licensing pharmaceutical products that are primarily for indications having relatively large patient populations or that have limited or inadequate treatments available, among other strategies.

Our sales can be impacted by new studies that indicate that a competitor's product has greater efficacy for treating a disease or particular form of a disease than one of our products. Sales of some of our products can also be impacted by additional labeling requirements relating to safety or convenience that may be imposed on our products by the FDA or by

similar regulatory agencies. If competitors introduce new products and processes with therapeutic or cost advantages, our products can be subject to progressive price reductions and/or decreased volume of sales.

Medicaid, a U.S. federal healthcare program, requires pharmaceutical manufacturers to pay rebates to state Medicaid agencies. The rebates are based on the volume of drugs that are reimbursed by the states for Medicaid beneficiaries. Sales of Medicaid-reimbursed non-innovator products require manufacturers to rebate 13% of the average manufacturer's price and, effective beginning in 2017, adjusted by the Consumer Price Index-Urban (the "CPI-U") based on certain data. Sales of the Medicaid-reimbursed innovator or single-source products require manufacturers to rebate the greater of approximately 23% of the average manufacturer's price or the difference between the average manufacturer's price and the best price adjusted by the CPI-U based on certain data. We believe that federal or state governments will continue to enact measures aimed at reducing the cost of drugs to the public.

Under Part D of the Medicare Modernization Act, Medicare beneficiaries are eligible to obtain discounted prescription drug coverage from private sector providers. As a result, usage of pharmaceuticals has increased, which is a trend that we believe will continue to benefit the generic pharmaceutical industry. However, such potential sales increases may be offset by increased pricing pressures, due to the enhanced purchasing power of the private sector providers that are negotiating on behalf of Medicare beneficiaries.

Canada is a well-established generics market characterized by a number of local and multinational competitors. The individual Canadian provinces control pharmaceutical pricing and reimbursement. We expect to see a reduction in the list price on a number of products across multiple provinces in 2018.

Europe

The European markets continues to be highly competitive, especially in terms of pricing, quality standards, service levels and product portfolio. Many governments in Europe provide healthcare at low direct cost to consumers and regulate pharmaceutical prices or patient reimbursement levels to control costs for the government-sponsored healthcare system. A variety of cost-containment measures are utilized, including price cuts, mandatory rebates, value-based pricing, and international reference pricing, which is the practice of many countries linking their regulated medicine prices to those of other countries. Our leadership position in a number of countries provides us a platform to fulfill the needs of patients, physicians, pharmacies, customers and payors.

In France , generic penetration is relatively low compared to other large pharmaceutical markets, with low prices resulting from government initiatives. The government has indicated its support for the development of generics and biosimilars to generate savings for the healthcare system. In this context, pharmacists remain the primary customers in this market and the need for established relationships, driven by breadth of portfolio, and effective supply chain management is a key competitive advantage.

In Italy , the generic product penetration is relatively small due to few incentives for market stakeholders and in part to low prices on available brand name drugs. Additionally, the generic market in Italy has experienced a delay in product launches as compared to other European countries due to extended patent protection. The Italian government has put forth only limited measures aimed at increasing generic usage, and as such generic substitution is still in its early stages.

The U.K. is one of the most competitive off-patent markets, with low barriers to entry and a high degree of fragmentation. Competition among manufacturers, along with indirect control of pricing by the government, has led to strong downward pricing pressure. Companies in the U.K. will continue to compete on price, with consistent supply chain and breadth of product portfolio also coming into play.

Spain is a highly fragmented generic market with many participants. Growth in the Spanish generic market has slowed as compared to previous years and is now declining due to an unfavorable environment in spite of the INN prescribing implemented in many regions. Within the last few years, the Andalusia region, representing approximately 21% of the total retail market, has evolved into a tender market, which favors cost competitiveness. In other regions of Spain, companies are competing based on being first to market, offering a wide portfolio, building strong relationships with customers and providing a consistent supply of quality products.

The markets in the Netherlands and Germany have become highly competitive as a result of a large number of generic participants, both having one of the highest generic penetration rates in Europe and the continued use of tender systems. Under a tender system, health insurers are entitled to issue invitations to tender products. Pricing pressures resulting from an effort to

win the tender will drive increased competition. Mylan is able to play a role in tenders but also has non-tendered sales, which provide further opportunities for growth.

Rest of World

Certain markets outside the U.S. and Europe are attractive because of the growing middle class within these countries combined with an increase in the demand for pharmaceutical products. In addition to the highly competitive environment in many emerging markets, governments in many of these markets are focused on constraining healthcare costs and have enacted price controls and other related measures. Beyond pricing and market access challenges, other conditions in emerging market countries can affect our efforts to continue to grow in these markets, including potential political instability, significant currency fluctuations and limited or changing availability of funding for healthcare. Significant countries within our Rest of World segment include the following.

In India , the commercial pharmaceutical market is a rapidly growing, highly fragmented generic market with a significant number of participants. Companies compete in India based on price, product portfolio and the ability to provide a consistent supply of quality products. Within the API market, intense competition by other API suppliers has, in recent years, led to increased pressure on prices. We expect that the exports of API and generic FDF products from India to developed markets will continue to increase. The success of Indian pharmaceutical companies is attributable to established development expertise in chemical synthesis and process engineering, development of FDF, availability of highly skilled labor and the low cost manufacturing base.

In Australia , the generic market is small by international standards, in terms of volume, value and the number of active participants. Generic penetration rates, however, continue to increase as government polices continue to drive volume growth.

In Japan , government initiatives have historically kept all drug prices low, resulting in little incentive for generic usage. More recent pro-generic actions by the government have led to growth in the generics market in recent years.

The Brazilian pharmaceutical market is the largest in South America. Since the entry into force of generic drug laws in Brazil , the generic segment of the pharmaceutical market has grown rapidly. The industry is highly competitive with a broad presence of multinational and national competitors.

Product Liability

Global product liability litigation represents an inherent risk to firms in the pharmaceutical industry. We utilize a combination of self-insurance (including through our wholly owned captive insurance subsidiary) and traditional third-party insurance policies with regard to our product liability claims. Our insurance coverage at any given time reflects market conditions, including cost and availability, existing at the time the policy was written and our decision to obtain commercial insurance coverage or to self-insure varies accordingly.

Raw Materials

Mylan utilizes a global approach to managing relationships with its suppliers. The APIs and other materials and supplies used in our pharmaceutical manufacturing operations are generally available and purchased from many different U.S. and non-U.S. suppliers, including Mylan India . However, in some cases, the raw materials used to manufacture pharmaceutical products are available only from a single supplier. Even when more than one supplier exists, we may choose, and in some cases have chosen, only to list one supplier in our applications submitted to the various regulatory agencies. Any change in a supplier not previously approved must then be submitted through a formal approval process.

Seasonality

Certain parts of our business are affected by seasonality, including products for asthma and allergy therapies which historically tend to have higher sales during the second and third quarters. In addition, the timing and severity of the cough, cold and flu season can cause variability in sales trends for certain of our prescription and OTC products. The seasonal impact of these particular products may affect a quarterly comparison within any fiscal year; however, this impact is generally not material to our annual consolidated results.

Environment

We strive to comply in all material respects with applicable laws and regulations concerning the environment. While it is impossible to predict accurately the future costs associated with environmental compliance and potential remediation activities, compliance with environmental laws is not expected to require significant capital expenditures and has not had, and is not expected to have, a material adverse effect on our operations or competitive position.

Employees

As of December 31, 2017 , Mylan 's global workforce totaled approximately 35,000 employees and external contractors. Certain production and maintenance employees at our manufacturing facility in Morgantown, West Virginia, are represented by the United Steel, Paper and Forestry, Rubber, Manufacturing, Energy, Allied Industrial and Service Workers International Union and its Local Union 8-957 AFL-CIO. The current collective bargaining agreement for this union expires on March 17, 2023. In addition, there are non-U.S.  Mylan locations that have employees who are unionized or part of works councils or trade unions.

Securities Exchange Act Reports

Mylan maintains an Internet website at the following address: Mylan.com . We make available on or through our website certain reports and amendments to those reports that Mylan files with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") in accordance with the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Exchange Act"). These include our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K. We make this information available on our website free of charge, as soon as reasonably practicable after electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC. The contents of our website are not incorporated by reference in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and shall not be deemed "filed" under the Exchange Act.

The public may also read and copy any materials that we file with the SEC at the SEC's Public Reference Room at 100 F Street NE, Washington, D.C. 20549. You may obtain information about the Public Reference Room by contacting the SEC at 1.800.SEC.0330. Reports filed with the SEC are also made available on the SEC website (www.sec.gov).

We operate in a complex and rapidly changing environment that involves risks, many of which are beyond our control. Any of the following risks, if they occur, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or share price. These risks should be read in conjunction with the other information in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

PROVISIONS IN OUR GOVERNANCE ARRANGEMENTS OR THAT ARE OTHERWISE AVAILABLE UNDER DUTCH LAW COULD DISCOURAGE, DELAY, OR PREVENT A CHANGE IN CONTROL OF US AND MAY AFFECT THE MARKET PRICE OF OUR ORDINARY SHARES.

Some provisions of our governance arrangements that are available under Dutch law, such as our grant to a Dutch foundation (stichting) of a call option to acquire preferred shares to safeguard the interests of the Company, its businesses and its stakeholders against threats to our strategy, mission, independence, continuity and/or identity, may discourage, delay, or prevent a change in control of us, even if such a change in control is sought by our shareholders.

WE DO NOT ANTICIPATE PAYING DIVIDENDS FOR THE FORESEEABLE FUTURE, AND OUR SHAREHOLDERS MUST RELY ON INCREASES IN THE TRADING PRICE OF OUR ORDINARY SHARES TO OBTAIN A RETURN ON THEIR INVESTMENT.

Mylan N.V. does not anticipate paying dividends in the immediate future. We anticipate that we will retain all earnings, if any, to support our operations and to opportunistically pursue additional transactions to deliver additional shareholder value. Any future determination as to the payment of dividends will, subject to Dutch law requirements, be at the sole discretion of our board of directors and will depend on our financial position, results of operations, capital requirements, and other factors our board of directors deems relevant at that time. Holders of Mylan N.V.'s ordinary shares must rely on increases in the trading price of their shares to obtain a return on their investment in the foreseeable future.

THE MARKET PRICE OF OUR ORDINARY SHARES MAY BE VOLATILE, AND THE VALUE OF YOUR INVESTMENT COULD MATERIALLY DECLINE.

Investors who hold Mylan N.V.'s ordinary shares may not be able to sell their shares at or above the price at which they purchased such shares. The share price of Mylan N.V.'s ordinary shares fluctuates materially from time to time, and we cannot predict the price of the ordinary shares at any given time. The risk factors described herein could cause the price of the ordinary shares to fluctuate materially. In addition, the stock market in general, including the market for pharmaceutical companies, has experienced price and volume fluctuations. These broad market and industry factors may materially harm the market price of the ordinary shares, regardless of our operating performance. In addition, the price of the ordinary shares may be affected by the valuations and recommendations of the analysts who cover us, and if our results do not meet the analysts' forecasts and expectations, the price of the ordinary shares could decline as a result of analysts lowering their valuations and recommendations or otherwise. In the past, following periods of volatility in the market and/or in the price of a company's stock, securities class-action litigation has been instituted against us and other companies. Such litigation could result in substantial costs and diversion of management's attention and resources, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price. We or our shareholders also may offer or sell our ordinary shares or securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for ordinary shares. An increase in the number of the ordinary shares issued and outstanding and the possibility of sales of ordinary shares or securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for ordinary shares may depress the future trading price of the ordinary shares. In addition, if additional offerings occur, the voting power of our then existing shareholders may be diluted.

OUR PRIOR ACQUISITIONS AND POTENTIAL FUTURE ACQUISITIONS MAY NOT ACHIEVE ALL INTENDED BENEFITS OR MAY DISRUPT OUR PLANS AND OPERATIONS.

There can be no assurance that we will be able to successfully complete the integration of acquired businesses or assets with Mylan, or otherwise fully realize the expected benefits of such transactions. We have grown very rapidly over the past several years as a result of increasing sales and several acquisitions and other transactions, and in the future may opportunistically pursue additional acquisition opportunities that make financial and strategic sense for us. We evaluate various strategic transactions and business arrangements, including acquisitions, asset purchases, partnerships, joint ventures, restructurings, divestitures and investments, on an ongoing basis. These transactions and arrangements may be material both from a strategic and financial perspective. Our growth has, and will continue to, put demands on our processes, systems, and employees. Furthermore, although our expectation is to engage in asset sales only if they advance or otherwise support our overall strategy, any such sale could reduce the size or scope of our business, our market share in particular markets or our opportunities with respect to certain markets, products or therapeutic categories.

In addition, the expected synergies and operating efficiencies of any transaction may not be fully realized within the expected timeframe or at all. Many of the factors that drive such expected synergies and operating efficiencies are outside of our control and the overall integration of a business or asset may result in material unanticipated problems, expenses, liabilities, competitive responses, loss of customer relationships, and diversion of management's attention, among other potential adverse consequences. The difficulties of integrating the operations of a business or asset with Mylan include the matters discussed above and, among others:

Any one or more of these matters could result in increased costs, decreases in the amount of expected revenues, and diversion of management's time and energy, and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

WE EXPECT TO BE TREATED AS A NON-U.S. CORPORATION FOR U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX PURPOSES. ANY CHANGES TO THE TAX LAWS OR CHANGES IN OTHER LAWS (INCLUDING UNDER APPLICABLE INCOME TAX TREATIES), REGULATIONS, RULES, OR INTERPRETATIONS THEREOF APPLICABLE TO INVERTED COMPANIES AND THEIR AFFILIATES, WHETHER ENACTED BEFORE OR AFTER THE EPD TRANSACTION, MAY MATERIALLY ADVERSELY AFFECT US.

Under current U.S. law, we believe that we should not be treated as a U.S. corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a result of Mylan's acquisition of Mylan Inc. and the EPD Business (the "EPD Transaction"). Changes to Section 7874 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), or to the U.S. Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder, or interpretations thereof, or to other relevant tax laws (including applicable income tax treaties), could affect our status as a non-U.S. corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes and the tax consequences to us and our affiliates. Any such changes could have prospective or retroactive application, and may apply even if enacted or promulgated now that the EPD Transaction has closed. If we were to be treated as a U.S. corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, or if the relevant tax laws (including applicable income tax treaties) change, we would likely be subject to significantly greater U.S. tax liability than currently contemplated as a non-U.S. corporation or if the relevant tax laws (including applicable income tax treaties) had not changed.

On April 4, 2016, the U.S. Treasury Department and the U.S. Internal Revenue Service ("IRS") issued proposed and temporary regulations interpreting multiple sections of the Code (which were partially finalized on January 18, 2017), including Section 7874, to address inversion transactions and transactions that Treasury and the IRS characterize as "post-inversion tax avoidance transactions." Such regulations generally apply to transactions completed on or after September 22, 2014, although in some cases they have a later effective date of April 4, 2016. The regulations expand the set of circumstances under which Section 7874 applies to cause the foreign acquirer of a U.S. corporation to be treated as a U.S. corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Such regulations also impose additional U.S. taxes on certain transactions involving the acquired U.S. corporation's controlled foreign corporations. The regulations do not affect our belief that we expect to be treated as a non-U.S. corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

However, if ultimately upheld by a reviewing court, the regulations limit our ability to engage in various intercompany transactions involving non-U.S. subsidiaries. In addition, the U.S. Treasury Department and the IRS issued final and temporary regulations on October 13, 2016, which might limit our ability to deduct interest expense on certain intercompany debt for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

THE IRS MAY NOT AGREE THAT WE SHOULD BE TREATED AS A NON-U.S. CORPORATION FOR U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX PURPOSES.

The IRS may not agree that we should be treated as a non-U.S. corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Although we are not incorporated in the U.S. and expect to be treated as a non-U.S. corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the IRS may assert that we should be treated as a U.S. corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes. If we were to be treated as a U.S. corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, we would likely be subject to significantly greater U.S. tax liability than currently contemplated as a non-U.S. corporation.

IF THE INTERCOMPANY TERMS OF CROSS BORDER ARRANGEMENTS THAT WE HAVE AMONG OUR SUBSIDIARIES ARE DETERMINED TO BE INAPPROPRIATE OR INEFFECTIVE, OUR TAX LIABILITY MAY INCREASE.

We have potential tax exposures resulting from the varying application of statutes, regulations, and interpretations which include exposures on intercompany terms of cross-border arrangements among our subsidiaries (including intercompany loans, sales, and services agreements) in relation to various aspects of our business, including manufacturing, marketing, sales, and delivery functions. Although we believe our cross-border arrangements among our subsidiaries are based upon internationally accepted standards and applicable law, tax authorities in various jurisdictions may disagree with and subsequently challenge the amount of profits taxed in their country, which may result in increased tax liability, including accrued interest and penalties, which would cause our tax expense to increase and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

WE MAY NOT BE ABLE TO MAINTAIN COMPETITIVE FINANCIAL FLEXIBILITY AND OUR CORPORATE TAX RATE, AND NEW U.S. TAX LEGISLATION COULD ADVERSELY AFFECT US AND OUR SHAREHOLDERS.

We believe that our structure and operations give us the ability to achieve competitive financial flexibility and a competitive worldwide effective corporate tax rate. The material assumptions underlying our expected tax rates include the fact that we expect certain of our businesses will be operated outside of the U.S. and, as such, will be subject to a lower tax rate than operations in the U.S., which will result in a lower blended worldwide tax rate than we were previously able to achieve. We must also make assumptions regarding the effect of certain internal reorganization transactions, including various intercompany transactions. We cannot give any assurance as to what our effective tax rate will be, however, because of, among other reasons, uncertainty regarding the tax policies of the jurisdictions where we operate, potential changes of laws and interpretations thereof, and the potential for tax audits or challenges. Our actual effective tax rate may vary from our expectation and that variance may be material. Additionally, the tax laws of the U.K., the Netherlands and other jurisdictions could change in the future, and such changes could cause a material change in our effective tax rate.

On December 22, 2017, the U.S. government enacted comprehensive tax legislation commonly referred to as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "Tax Act"). The Tax Act makes broad and complex changes to the Code, including, but not limited to, reducing the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21% effective for tax years beginning after December 31, 2017 and requiring a one-time transition tax on certain unrepatriated earnings of non-U.S. corporate subsidiaries of large U.S. shareholders that may electively be paid over eight years. The Tax Act also puts in place new tax laws that will impact our taxable income beginning in 2018, which include, but are not limited to (1) creating a Base Erosion Anti-Abuse Tax, which is a new minimum tax, (2) generally eliminating U.S. federal income taxes on dividends from foreign subsidiaries, (3) a new provision designed to tax currently global intangible low-taxed income ("GILTI") earned by non-U.S. corporate subsidiaries of large U.S. shareholders, which allows for the possibility of utilizing foreign tax credits (foreign tax credits are limited to 80% of foreign taxes paid that are properly attributable to GILTI and are segregated into a separate basket, with no carryforward or carryback permitted for excess foreign tax credits) and a deduction generally equal to 50% of GILTI (37.5% for tax years beginning after December 31, 2025) to offset the income tax liability, (4) a provision limiting the amount of deductible interest expense in the U.S., (5) the repeal of the domestic manufacturing deduction, (6) limitations on the deductibility of certain executive compensation, and (7) limitations on the utilization of foreign tax credits to reduce the U.S. income tax liability. We are currently evaluating the impact of the Tax Act on our business and our effective tax rate, and we cannot yet be certain what the effect will be.

Any of the factors discussed above could materially increase our overall effective income tax rate and income tax expense and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

UNANTICIPATED CHANGES IN OUR TAX PROVISIONS OR EXPOSURE TO ADDITIONAL INCOME TAX LIABILITIES AND CHANGES IN INCOME TAX LAWS AND TAX RULINGS MAY HAVE A SIGNIFICANT ADVERSE IMPACT ON OUR EFFECTIVE TAX RATE AND INCOME TAX EXPENSE.

We are subject to income taxes in many jurisdictions. Significant analysis and judgment are required in determining our worldwide provision for income taxes. In the ordinary course of business, there are many transactions and calculations where the ultimate tax determination is uncertain. The final determination of any tax audits or related litigation could be materially different from our income tax provisions and accruals.

Additionally, changes in the effective tax rate as a result of a change in the mix of earnings in countries with differing statutory tax rates, changes in our overall profitability, changes in the valuation of deferred tax assets and liabilities, the results of audits and the examination of previously filed tax returns by taxing authorities, and continuing assessments of our tax exposures could impact our tax liabilities and affect our income tax expense, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

WE MAY BECOME TAXABLE IN A JURISDICTION OTHER THAN THE U.K. AND THIS MAY INCREASE THE AGGREGATE TAX BURDEN ON US.

Based on our current management structure and current tax laws of the U.S., the U.K., and the Netherlands, as well as applicable income tax treaties, and current interpretations thereof, the U.K. and the Netherlands competent authorities have determined that we are tax resident solely in the U.K. for the purposes of the Netherlands-U.K. tax treaty. We have received a binding ruling from the competent authorities in the U.K. and in the Netherlands confirming this treatment. We will therefore be tax resident solely in the U.K. so long as the facts and circumstances set forth in the relevant application letters sent to those authorities remain accurate. Even though we received a binding ruling, the applicable tax laws or interpretations thereof may

change, or the assumptions on which such rulings were based may differ from the facts. As a consequence, we may become a tax resident of a jurisdiction other than the U.K. As a consequence, our overall effective income tax rate and income tax expense could materially increase, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

WE MAY BE ADVERSELY AFFECTED BY INCREASED SCRUTINY FROM THIRD PARTIES, INCLUDING GOVERNMENTS, OR NEGATIVE PUBLICITY WITH RESPECT TO MATTERS RELATING TO OUR PRODUCTS, PRICING PRACTICES AND OTHER MATTERS.

There has been increased press coverage and increased scrutiny from third parties, including regulators, legislative bodies and enforcement agencies, with respect to matters relating to the Company's business and pricing practices, and other matters related to the Company. This increased press coverage and public scrutiny, including protests by some consumers, have included assertions of wrongdoing by the Company which, regardless of the factual or legal basis for such assertions, have resulted in, and may continue to result in, investigations, and calls for investigations, by governmental agencies at both the federal and state levels and have resulted in, and may continue to result in, claims brought against the Company by governmental agencies or by private parties or by regulators taking other measures that could have a negative effect on the Company's business. For example, both the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate have conducted numerous hearings with respect to pharmaceutical drug pricing practices, including in connection with the investigation of specific price increases by several pharmaceutical companies, including Mylan. It is not possible to predict the ultimate outcome of any such investigations or claims or what other investigations or lawsuits or regulatory responses may result from such assertions, or their impact on the Company's business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price. Any such investigation or claim could also result in reputational harm and reduced market acceptance and demand for our products, could harm our ability to market our products in the future, could cause us to incur significant expense, could cause our senior management to be distracted from execution of our business strategy, and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and/or ordinary share price.

There has also recently been intense publicity regarding the pricing of pharmaceuticals more generally, including publicity and pressure resulting from prices charged by competitors and peer companies for new products as well as price increases by competitors and peer companies on older products that the public has deemed excessive. We have experienced and may continue to experience downward pricing pressure on the price of certain of our products due to social or political pressure to lower the cost of drugs, which could reduce our revenue and future profitability.

WE HAVE AND MAY CONTINUE TO EXPERIENCE PRESSURE ON THE PRICING OF AND REIMBURSEMENTS FOR CERTAIN OF OUR PRODUCTS DUE TO CONSOLIDATION AMONG PURCHASERS OR SOCIAL AND POLITICAL PRESSURE TO LOWER THE COST OF DRUGS, WHICH COULD IMPACT OUR FINANCIAL CONDITION OR RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.

 We operate in a challenging environment, with significant pressures on the pricing of our products and on our ability to obtain and maintain satisfactory rates of reimbursement for our products by governments, insurers and other payors. The growth of overall healthcare costs has led governments and payors to implement new measures to control healthcare spending. As a result, we face numerous cost-containment measures by governments and other payors, including government-imposed industry-wide price reductions, mandatory pricing systems, reference pricing systems, tender systems, shifting of the payment burden to patients through higher co-payments, and requirements for increased transparency on pricing. In the U.S., these pressures are further compounded by increasing consolidation among wholesalers, retailer drug chains, pharmacy benefit managers, private insurers, managed care organizations and other private payors, which can increase their negotiating power, particularly with respect to our generic drugs. Refer to " A SIGNIFICANT PORTION OF OUR REVENUES IS DERIVED FROM SALES TO A LIMITED NUMBER OF CUSTOMERS. "

There has also been increasing U.S. federal and state legislative and enforcement interest with respect to drug pricing. In particular, U.S. federal prosecutors have issued subpoenas to pharmaceutical companies, including Mylan, seeking information about their drug pricing practices, among other issues, and members of the Congress have sought information from certain pharmaceutical companies, including Mylan, relating to drug-price increases.

In addition, there has been legislation and legislative proposals concerning drug prices and related issues, including the perceived need to bring more transparency to drug pricing, reviewing the relationship between pricing and manufacturer patient programs, and reforming government program reimbursement methodologies for drugs. For example, in October 2017, the State of Maryland enacted legislation prohibiting pharmaceutical manufacturers from selling certain off-patent or generic drugs with purported "unconscionable" price increases. This type of legislation, at the federal or state level, could affect demand for,

or pricing of, our products and we cannot predict what, if any, additional legislative developments may transpire or what the ultimate impact may be.

Any of the events or developments described above could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition or results of operations, cash flows and/or ordinary share price, as well as on our reputation.        

CURRENT AND CHANGING ECONOMIC CONDITIONS MAY ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR INDUSTRY, BUSINESS, PARTNERS AND SUPPLIERS, FINANCIAL CONDITION, RESULTS OF OPERATIONS, CASH FLOWS, AND/OR ORDINARY SHARE PRICE.

The global economy continues to experience significant volatility, and the economic environment may continue to be, or become, less favorable than that of past years. Economic volatility, governmental financial restructuring efforts and/or evolving deficit and spending reduction programs could negatively impact the global economy and/or the pharmaceutical industry. This has led, and/or could lead, to reduced consumer and customer spending and/or reduced or eliminated governmental or third party payor coverage or reimbursement in the foreseeable future, and this may include reduced spending on healthcare, including but not limited to pharmaceutical products. While generic drugs present an alternative to higher-priced branded products, our sales could be negatively impacted if patients forego obtaining healthcare, patients and customers reduce spending or purchases, and/or if governments and/or third-party payors reduce or eliminate coverage or reimbursement amounts for pharmaceuticals and/or impose price or other controls adversely impacting the price or availability of pharmaceuticals. In addition, reduced consumer and customer spending, and/or reduced government and/or third-party payor coverage or reimbursement, and/or new government controls, may drive us and our competitors to decrease prices and/or may reduce the ability of customers to pay and/or may result in reduced demand for our products. The occurrence of any of these risks could have a material adverse effect on our industry, business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

OUR BUSINESS, FINANCIAL CONDITION, AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS ARE SUBJECT TO RISKS ARISING FROM THE INTERNATIONAL SCOPE OF OUR OPERATIONS.

Our operations extend to numerous countries outside the U.S., including our significant operations in India, and are subject to the risks inherent in conducting business globally and under the laws, regulations, and customs of various jurisdictions. These risks include, but are not limited to:

We also face the risk that some of our competitors have more experience with operations in such countries or with international operations generally and may be able to manage unexpected crises more easily. Moreover, the internal political stability of, or the relationship between, any country or countries where we conduct business operations may deteriorate. Changes in a country's political stability or the state of relations between any such countries are difficult to predict and the political or social stability in and/or diplomatic relations between any countries in which we or our partners and suppliers do business could meaningfully deteriorate.

The occurrence of any one or more of the above risks could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

WE ARE SUBJECT TO THE U.S. FOREIGN CORRUPT PRACTICES ACT, THE U.K. BRIBERY ACT, AND SIMILAR WORLDWIDE ANTI-CORRUPTION LAWS, WHICH IMPOSE RESTRICTIONS ON CERTAIN CONDUCT AND MAY CARRY SUBSTANTIAL FINES AND PENALTIES.

We are subject to the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, the U.K. Bribery Act and similar anti-corruption laws in other jurisdictions. These laws generally prohibit companies and their intermediaries from engaging in bribery or making other prohibited payments to government officials for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business, and some have record keeping requirements. The failure to comply with these laws could result in substantial criminal and/or monetary penalties. We operate in jurisdictions that have experienced corruption, bribery, pay-offs and other similar practices from time-to-time and, in certain circumstances, such practices may be local custom. We have implemented internal control policies and procedures that mandate compliance with these anti-corruption laws. However, we cannot be certain that these policies and procedures will protect us against liability. There can be no assurance that our employees or other agents will not engage in such conduct for which we might be held responsible. If our employees or agents are found to have engaged in such practices, we could suffer severe criminal or civil penalties and other consequences that could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

OUR FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH APPLICABLE ENVIRONMENTAL AND OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY LAWS AND REGULATIONS WORLDWIDE COULD ADVERSELY IMPACT OUR BUSINESS, FINANCIAL CONDITION, RESULTS OF OPERATIONS, CASH FLOWS, AND/OR ORDINARY SHARE PRICE.

We are subject to various U.S. federal, state, and local and non-U.S. laws and regulations concerning, among other things, the environment, climate change, regulation of chemicals, employee safety and product safety. These requirements include regulation of the handling, manufacture, transportation, storage, use and disposal of materials, including the discharge of hazardous materials and pollutants into the environment. In the normal course of our business, we are exposed to risks relating to possible releases of hazardous substances into the environment, which could cause environmental or property damage or personal injuries, and which could result in (i) our noncompliance with such environmental and occupational health and safety laws and regulations and (ii) regulatory enforcement actions or claims for personal injury and property damage against us. If an unapproved or illegal environmental discharge occurs, or if we discover contamination caused by prior operations, including by prior owners and operators of properties we acquire, we could be liable for cleanup obligations, damages and fines. The substantial unexpected costs we may incur could have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price. In addition, our environmental capital expenditures and costs for environmental compliance may increase substantially in the future as a result of changes in environmental laws and regulations, the development and manufacturing of a new product or increased development or manufacturing activities at any of our facilities. We may be required to expend significant funds and our manufacturing activities could be delayed or suspended, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

CURRENCY FLUCTUATIONS AND CHANGES IN EXCHANGE RATES COULD ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR BUSINESS, FINANCIAL CONDITION, RESULTS OF OPERATIONS, CASH FLOWS, AND/OR ORDINARY SHARE PRICE.

Although we report our financial results in U.S. Dollars, a significant portion of our revenues, indebtedness and other liabilities and our costs are denominated in non-U.S. currencies, including among others the Euro, Swedish Krona, Indian Rupee, Japanese Yen, Australian Dollar, Canadian Dollar, British Pound Sterling and Brazilian Real. Our results of operations and, in some cases, cash flows, have in the past been and may in the future be adversely affected by certain movements in currency exchange rates. Defaults or restructurings in other countries could have a similar adverse impact. From time to time, we may implement currency hedges intended to reduce our exposure to changes in foreign currency exchange rates. However, our hedging strategies may not be successful, and any of our unhedged foreign exchange exposures will continue to be subject to market fluctuations. The occurrence of any of the above risks could cause a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

AN INABILITY TO EFFECTIVELY DEAL WITH AND RESPOND TO UNSOLICITED BUSINESS PROPOSALS COULD LIMIT OUR FUTURE GROWTH AND HAVE A MATERIAL ADVERSE EFFECT ON OUR BUSINESS, FINANCIAL CONDITION, RESULTS OF OPERATIONS, CASH FLOWS, AND/OR ORDINARY SHARE PRICE.

We have in the past and may in the future receive proposals to acquire all of our outstanding shares or similar unsolicited business proposals. Such unsolicited business proposals may not be consistent with or enhancing to our financial, operational, or market strategies and may not further the interests of our shareholders and other stakeholders, including employees, creditors, customers, suppliers, relevant patient populations and communities in which Mylan operates and may jeopardize the sustainable success of Mylan's business. However, the evaluation of and response to such unsolicited business proposals may nevertheless distract management and/or disrupt our ongoing businesses, which may adversely affect our relationships with customers, employees, partners, suppliers, regulators, and others with whom we have business or other dealings.

CHARGES TO EARNINGS RESULTING FROM ACQUISITIONS COULD HAVE A MATERIAL ADVERSE EFFECT ON OUR BUSINESS, FINANCIAL CONDITION, RESULTS OF OPERATIONS, CASH FLOWS AND/OR ORDINARY SHARE PRICE.

Under accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. ("U.S. GAAP") relating to business acquisition accounting standards, we recognize the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any noncontrolling interests in acquired companies generally at their acquisition date fair values and, in each case, separately from goodwill. Goodwill as of the acquisition date is measured as the excess amount of consideration transferred, which is also generally measured at fair value, and the net of the acquisition date amounts of the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed. Our estimates of fair value are based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable but which are inherently uncertain. After we complete an acquisition, the following factors could result in material charges and adversely affect our operating results and may adversely affect our cash flows:

A significant portion of these adjustments could be accounted for as expenses that will decrease our net income and earnings per share for the periods in which those costs are incurred. Such charges could cause a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

THE SIGNIFICANT AND INCREASING AMOUNT OF INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND GOODWILL RECORDED ON OUR BALANCE SHEET, MAINLY RELATED TO ACQUISITIONS, MAY LEAD TO SIGNIFICANT IMPAIRMENT CHARGES IN THE FUTURE WHICH COULD LEAD US TO HAVE TO TAKE SIGNIFICANT CHARGES AGAINST EARNINGS.

We regularly review our long-lived assets, including identifiable intangible assets and goodwill, for impairment. Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are subject to impairment assessment at least annually. Other long-lived assets are reviewed when there is an indication that an impairment may have occurred. The amount of goodwill and identifiable intangible assets on our consolidated balance sheets has increased significantly as a result of our acquisitions and other transactions, including Meda, and may increase further following future potential acquisitions. In addition, we may from time to time sell assets that we determine are not critical to our strategy or execution. Future events or decisions may lead to asset impairments and/or related charges. Certain non-cash impairments may result from a change in our strategic goals, business direction or other factors relating to the overall business environment. Any impairment of the value of goodwill or other intangible assets will result in a charge against earnings, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, shareholder's equity, and/or ordinary share price.

THE PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY IS HEAVILY REGULATED AND WE FACE SIGNIFICANT COSTS AND UNCERTAINTIES ASSOCIATED WITH OUR EFFORTS TO COMPLY WITH APPLICABLE LAWS AND REGULATIONS.

The pharmaceutical industry is subject to regulation by various governmental authorities. For instance, we must comply with applicable laws and requirements of the FDA and other regulatory agencies, including foreign authorities, in our other markets with respect to the research, development, manufacture, quality, safety, effectiveness, approval, labeling, tracking, tracing, authentication, storage, record-keeping, reporting, pharmacovigilance, sale, distribution, import, export, marketing, advertising, and promotion of pharmaceutical products. Failure to comply with regulations of the FDA and other U.S. and foreign regulators could result in a range of consequences, including, but not limited to, fines, penalties, disgorgement, unanticipated compliance expenditures, suspension of review of applications or other submissions, rejection or delay in approval of applications, recall or seizure of products, total or partial suspension of production and/or distribution, our inability to sell products, the return by customers of our products, injunctions, and/or criminal prosecution. Under certain circumstances, a regulator may also have the authority to revoke or vary previously granted drug approvals.

The safety profile of any product will continue to be closely monitored by the FDA and comparable foreign regulatory authorities after approval. If the FDA or comparable foreign regulatory authorities become aware of new safety information about any of our marketed or investigational products, those authorities may require labeling changes, establishment of a risk evaluation and mitigation strategy or similar strategy, restrictions on a product's indicated uses or marketing, or post-approval studies or post-market surveillance. In addition, we are subject to regulations in various jurisdictions, including the Federal Drug Supply Chain Security Act in the U.S., the Falsified Medicines Directive in the EU and a dozen other such regulations in other countries that require us to develop electronic systems to serialize, track, trace and authenticate units of our products through the supply chain and distribution system. Compliance with these regulations may result in increased expenses for us or impose greater administrative burdens on our organization, and failure to meet these requirements could result in fines or other penalties.

The FDA and comparable regulatory authorities also regulate the facilities and operational procedures that we use to manufacture our products. We must register our facilities with the FDA and similar regulators in other countries. Products must be manufactured in our facilities in accordance with cGMP or similar standards in each territory in which we manufacture. Compliance with such regulations requires substantial expenditures of time, money, and effort in multiple areas, including training of personnel, record-keeping, production, and quality control and quality assurance. The FDA and other regulatory authorities, including foreign authorities, periodically inspect our manufacturing facilities for compliance with cGMP or similar standards in the applicable territory. Regulatory approval to manufacture a drug is granted on a site-specific basis. Failure to comply with cGMP and other regulatory standards at one of our or our partners' or suppliers' manufacturing facilities could result in an adverse action brought by the FDA or other regulatory authorities, which could result in a receipt of an untitled or warning letter, fines, penalties, disgorgement, unanticipated compliance expenditures, rejection or delay in approval of applications, suspension of review of applications or other submissions, suspension of ongoing clinical trials, recall or seizure of products, total or partial suspension of production and/or distribution, our inability to sell products, the return by customers of our products, orders to suspend, vary, or withdraw marketing authorizations, injunctions, consent decrees, requirements to modify promotional materials or issue corrective information to healthcare practitioners, refusal to permit import or export, criminal prosecution and/or other adverse actions.

If any regulatory body were to delay, withhold, or withdraw approval of an application; require a recall or other adverse product action; require one of our manufacturing facilities to cease or limit production; or suspend, vary, or withdraw related marketing authorization, our business could be adversely affected. Delay and cost in obtaining FDA or other regulatory approval to manufacture at a different facility also could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

Although we have established internal regulatory compliance programs and policies, there is no guarantee that these programs and policies, as currently designed, will meet regulatory agency standards in the future or will prevent instances of non-compliance with applicable laws and regulations. Additionally, despite efforts at compliance, from time to time we or our partners receive notices of manufacturing and quality-related observations following inspections by regulatory authorities around the world, as well as official agency correspondence regarding compliance. We or our partners may receive similar observations and correspondence in the future. If we are unable to resolve these observations and address regulator's concerns in a timely fashion, our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price could be materially affected.

We utilize controlled substances in certain of our current products and products in development, and therefore must meet the requirements of the Controlled Substances Act of 1970 and the related regulations administered by the DEA in the U.S., as well as those of similar laws in other countries where we operate. These laws relate to the manufacture, shipment, storage, sale, and use of controlled substances. The DEA and other regulatory agencies limit the availability of the controlled substances used in certain of our current products and products in development and, as a result, our procurement quota of these active ingredients may not be sufficient to meet commercial demand or complete clinical trials. We must annually apply to the DEA and similar regulatory agencies for procurement quotas in order to obtain these substances. Any delay or refusal by the DEA or such similar agencies in establishing our procurement quota for controlled substances could delay or stop our clinical trials or product launches, or could cause trade inventory disruptions for those products that have already been launched, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

THE USE OF LEGAL, REGULATORY, AND LEGISLATIVE STRATEGIES BY BOTH BRAND AND GENERIC COMPETITORS, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO "AUTHORIZED GENERICS" AND REGULATORY PETITIONS, AS WELL AS THE POTENTIAL IMPACT OF PROPOSED AND NEWLY ENACTED LEGISLATION, MAY INCREASE COSTS ASSOCIATED WITH THE INTRODUCTION OR MARKETING OF OUR GENERIC PRODUCTS, COULD DELAY OR PREVENT SUCH INTRODUCTION, AND COULD SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCE OUR REVENUE AND PROFIT.

Our competitors, both branded and generic, often pursue strategies to prevent, delay, or eliminate competition from generic alternatives to branded products. These strategies include, but are not limited to:

In the U.S., some companies have lobbied Congress for amendments to the Hatch-Waxman Act that would give them additional advantages over generic competitors. For example, although the term of a company's drug patent can be extended to reflect a portion of the time an NDA is under regulatory review, some companies have proposed extending the patent term by a full year for each year spent in clinical trials rather than the one-half year that is currently permitted.

If proposals like these in the U.S., Europe, or in other countries where we or our partners and suppliers operate were to become effective, or if any other actions by our competitors and other third parties to prevent or delay activities necessary to the approval, manufacture, or distribution of our products are successful, our entry into the market and our ability to generate revenues associated with new products may be delayed, reduced, or eliminated, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

IF WE ARE UNABLE TO SUCCESSFULLY INTRODUCE NEW PRODUCTS IN A TIMELY MANNER, OUR FUTURE REVENUE AND PROFITABILITY MAY BE ADVERSELY AFFECTED.

Our future revenues and profitability will depend, in part, upon our ability to successfully and timely develop, license, or otherwise acquire and commercialize new generic products as well as branded pharmaceutical products protected by patent or statutory authority. Product development is inherently risky, especially for new drugs for which safety and efficacy have not been established and/or the market is not yet proven as well as for complex generic drugs and biosimilars. Likewise, product licensing involves inherent risks, including, among others, uncertainties due to matters that may affect the achievement of milestones, as well as the possibility of contractual disagreements with regard to whether the supply of product meets certain specifications or terms such as license scope or termination rights. The development and commercialization process, particularly with regard to new and complex drugs, also requires substantial time, effort and financial resources. We, or a partner, may not be successful in commercializing any of such products on a timely basis, or at all, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

Before any prescription drug product, including generic drug products, can be marketed, marketing authorization approval is required by the relevant regulatory authorities and/or national regulatory agencies (for example, the FDA in the U.S. and the EMA in the EU). The process of obtaining regulatory approval to manufacture and market new branded and generic pharmaceutical products is rigorous, time consuming, costly, and inherently unpredictable.  The EU has decided to move the headquarters of the EMA from the UK to the Netherlands by March 2019, which raises the possibility that any existing and/or new regulatory approval applications, whether for existing or new drug products, in the EU could be delayed as a result. A delay in regulatory approval could impact the commercial or financial success of a product.

Outside the U.S., the approval process may be more or less rigorous, depending on the country, and the time required for approval may be longer or shorter than that required in the U.S. Bioequivalence, clinical, or other studies conducted in one country may not be accepted in other countries, the requirements for approval may differ among countries, and the approval of a pharmaceutical product in one country does not necessarily mean that the product will be approved in another country. We, or a partner or supplier, may be unable to obtain requisite approvals on a timely basis, or at all, for new products that we may develop, license or otherwise acquire. Moreover, if we obtain regulatory approval for a drug, it may be limited, for example, with respect to the indicated uses and delivery methods for which the drug may be marketed, or may include warnings, precautions or contraindications in the labeling, which could restrict our potential market for the drug. A regulatory approval may also include post-approval study or risk management requirements that may substantially increase the resources required to market the drug. Also, for products pending approval, we may obtain raw materials or produce batches of inventory to be used in efficacy and bioequivalence testing, as well as in anticipation of the product's launch. In the event that regulatory approval is denied or delayed, we could be exposed to the risk of this inventory becoming obsolete.

The approval process for generic pharmaceutical products often results in the relevant regulatory agency granting final approval to a number of generic pharmaceutical products at the time a patent claim for a corresponding branded product or other market exclusivity expires. This often forces us to face immediate competition when we introduce a generic product into the market. Additionally, further generic approvals often continue to be granted for a given product subsequent to the initial launch of the generic product. These circumstances generally result in significantly lower prices, as well as reduced margins, for generic products compared to branded products. New generic market entrants generally cause continued price, margin, and sales erosion over the generic product life cycle.

In the U.S., the Hatch-Waxman Act provides for a period of 180 days of generic marketing exclusivity for a "first applicant," that is the first submitted ANDA containing a certification of invalidity, non-infringement or unenforceability related to a patent listed with the ANDA's reference drug product, commonly referred to as a Paragraph IV certification. During this exclusivity period, which under certain circumstances may be shared with other ANDAs filed on the same day, the FDA cannot grant final approval to later-submitted ANDAs for the same generic equivalent. If an ANDA is awarded 180-day

exclusivity, the applicant generally enjoys higher market share, net revenues, and gross margin for that generic product. However, our ability to obtain 180 days of generic marketing exclusivity may be dependent upon our ability to obtain FDA approval or tentative approval within an applicable time period of the FDA's acceptance of our ANDA. If we are unable to obtain approval or tentative approval within that time period, we may risk forfeiture of such marketing exclusivity. By contrast, if we are not a "first applicant" to challenge a listed patent for such a product, we may lose significant advantages to a competitor with 180-day exclusivity, even if we obtain FDA approval for our generic drug product. The same would be true in situations where we are required to share our exclusivity period with other ANDA sponsors with Paragraph IV certifications.

In the EU and other countries and regions, there is no exclusivity period for the first generic product. The European Commission or national regulatory agencies may grant marketing authorizations to any number of generics.

If we are unable to navigate our products through the approval process in a timely manner, there could be an adverse effect on our product introduction plans, business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

WE EXPEND A SIGNIFICANT AMOUNT OF RESOURCES ON R&D EFFORTS THAT MAY NOT LEAD TO SUCCESSFUL PRODUCT INTRODUCTIONS.

Much of our development effort is focused on technically difficult-to-formulate products and/or products that require advanced manufacturing technology, including our biosimilars program and respiratory platform. We conduct R&D primarily to enable us to gain approval for, manufacture, and market pharmaceuticals in accordance with applicable laws and regulations. We also partner with third parties to develop products. Typically, research expenses related to the development of innovative or complex compounds and the filing of marketing authorization applications for innovative and complex compounds (such as NDAs and biosimilar applications in the U.S.) are significantly greater than those expenses associated with the development of and filing of marketing authorization applications for most generic products (such as ANDAs in the U.S. and abridged applications in Europe). As we and our partners continue to develop new and/or complex products, our research expenses will likely increase. Because of the inherent risk associated with R&D efforts in our industry, including the high cost and uncertainty of conducting clinical trials (where required) particularly with respect to new and/or complex drugs, our, or a partner's, research and development expenditures may not result in the successful introduction of new pharmaceutical products approved by the relevant regulatory bodies. Also, after we submit a marketing authorization application for a new compound or generic product, the relevant regulatory authority may change standards and/or request that we conduct additional studies or evaluations and, as a result, we may incur approval delays as well as R&D costs in excess of what we anticipated.

Clinical testing is expensive and can take many years to complete, and its outcome is inherently uncertain. Failure can occur at any time during the clinical trial process. We or our partners may experience delays in our ongoing or future clinical trials, and we do not know whether planned clinical trials will begin or enroll subjects on time, need to be redesigned, or be completed on schedule, if at all.

Clinical trials may be delayed, suspended or prematurely terminated for a variety of reasons. If we experience delays in the completion of, or the termination of, any clinical trial of our product candidates, the commercial prospects of our product candidates will be harmed, and our ability to generate product revenues from any of these product candidates will be delayed. In addition, any delays in completing our clinical trials will increase our costs, slow down our product candidate development and approval process, and jeopardize our ability to commence product sales and generate revenues. Any of these occurrences may harm our business, financial condition and prospects significantly. In addition, many of the factors that cause, or lead to, a delay in the commencement or completion of clinical trials may also ultimately lead to the denial of regulatory approval of our product candidates.

Finally, we cannot be certain that any investment made in developing products will be recovered, even if we are successful in commercialization. To the extent that we expend significant resources on R&D efforts and are not able, ultimately, to introduce successful new and/or complex products as a result of those efforts, there could be a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

EVEN IF OUR PRODUCTS IN DEVELOPMENT RECEIVE REGULATORY APPROVAL, SUCH PRODUCTS MAY NOT ACHIEVE EXPECTED LEVELS OF MARKET ACCEPTANCE.

Even if we are able to obtain regulatory approvals for our new generic or branded pharmaceutical products, the success of those products is dependent upon market acceptance. Levels of market acceptance for our products could be impacted by several factors, including but not limited to:

Additionally, studies of the proper utilization, safety, and efficacy of pharmaceutical products are being conducted by the industry, government agencies, and others. Such studies, which increasingly employ sophisticated methods and techniques, can call into question the utilization, safety, and efficacy of previously marketed as well as future products. In some cases, such studies have resulted, and may in the future result, in the discontinuation or variation of product marketing authorizations or requirements for risk management programs, such as a patient registry. Any of these events could adversely affect our profitability, business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

THE DEVELOPMENT, APPROVAL PROCESS, MANUFACTURE AND COMMERCIALIZATION OF BIOSIMILAR PRODUCTS INVOLVE UNIQUE CHALLENGES AND UNCERTAINTIES, AND OUR FAILURE TO SUCCESSFULLY INTRODUCE BIOSIMILAR PRODUCTS COULD HAVE A NEGATIVE IMPACT ON OUR BUSINESS AND FUTURE OPERATING RESULTS.

We and our partners and suppliers are actively working to develop and commercialize biosimilar products - that is, a biological product that is highly similar to an already approved reference biological product, and for which there are no clinically meaningful differences between the biosimilar and the reference biological product in terms of safety, purity and potency. Although the Biologics Price Competition and Innovation Act of 2009 established a framework for the review and approval of biosimilar products and the FDA has begun to review and approve biosimilar product applications, there continues to be significant uncertainty regarding the regulatory pathway in the U.S. and in other countries to obtain approval for biosimilar products. There is also uncertainty regarding the commercial pathway to successfully market and sell such products.

Moreover, biosimilar products will likely be subject to extensive patent clearances and patent infringement litigation, which could delay or prevent the commercial launch of a biosimilar product for many years. If we are unable to obtain FDA or other non-U.S. regulatory authority approval for our products, we will be unable to market them. Even if our biosimilar products are approved for marketing, the products may not be commercially successful and may not generate profits in amounts that are sufficient to offset the amount invested to obtain such approvals. Market success of biosimilar products will depend on demonstrating to regulators, patients, physicians and payors (such as insurance companies) that such products are safe and effective yet offer a more competitive price or other benefit over existing therapies. In addition, the development and manufacture of biosimilars pose unique challenges related to the supply of the materials needed to manufacture biosimilars. Access to and the supply of necessary biological materials may be limited, and government regulations restrict access to and regulate the transport and use of such materials. We may not be able to generate future sales of biosimilar products in certain jurisdictions and may not realize the anticipated benefits of our investments in the development, manufacture and sale of such products. If our development efforts do not result in the development and timely approval of biosimilar products or if such products, once developed and approved, are not commercially successful, or upon the occurrence of any of the above risks, our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price could be materially adversely affected.

OUR BUSINESS IS HIGHLY DEPENDENT UPON MARKET PERCEPTIONS OF US, OUR BRANDS, AND THE SAFETY AND QUALITY OF OUR PRODUCTS, AND MAY BE ADVERSELY IMPACTED BY NEGATIVE PUBLICITY OR FINDINGS.

Market perceptions of us are very important to our business, especially market perceptions of our company and brands and the safety and quality of our products. If we, our partners and suppliers, or our brands suffer from negative publicity, or if any of our products or similar products which other companies distribute are subject to market withdrawal or recall or are proven to be, or are claimed to be, ineffective or harmful to consumers, then this could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price. Also, because we are dependent on market perceptions, negative publicity associated with product quality, patient illness, or other adverse effects resulting from, or

perceived to be resulting from, our products, or our partners' and suppliers' manufacturing facilities, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

THE ILLEGAL DISTRIBUTION AND SALE BY THIRD PARTIES OF COUNTERFEIT VERSIONS OF OUR PRODUCTS OR OF DIVERTED OR STOLEN PRODUCTS COULD HAVE A NEGATIVE IMPACT ON OUR REPUTATION AND OUR BUSINESS.

The pharmaceutical drug supply has been increasingly challenged by the vulnerability of distribution channels to illegal counterfeiting and the presence of counterfeit products in a growing number of markets and over the Internet.

Third parties may illegally distribute and sell counterfeit versions of our products that do not meet the rigorous manufacturing and testing standards that our products undergo. Counterfeit products are frequently unsafe or ineffective, and can be potentially life-threatening. Counterfeit medicines may contain harmful substances, the wrong dose of API or no API at all. However, to distributors and users, counterfeit products may be visually indistinguishable from the authentic version.

Reports of adverse reactions to counterfeit drugs or increased levels of counterfeiting could materially affect patient confidence in the authentic product. It is possible that adverse events caused by unsafe counterfeit products will mistakenly be attributed to the authentic product. In addition, unauthorized diversions of products or thefts of inventory at warehouses, plants, or while in-transit, which are not properly stored and which are sold through unauthorized channels, could adversely impact patient safety, our reputation, and our business.

Public loss of confidence in the integrity of pharmaceutical products as a result of counterfeiting, diversion, or theft could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

OUR COMPETITORS, INCLUDING BRANDED PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES, AND/OR OTHER THIRD PARTIES, MAY ALLEGE THAT WE AND/OR OUR SUPPLIERS ARE INFRINGING UPON THEIR INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, INCLUDING IN AN "AT RISK LAUNCH" SITUATION, WHICH COULD RESULT IN SUBSTANTIAL PENALTIES, IMPACT OUR ABILITY TO LAUNCH A PRODUCT AND/OR OUR ABILITY TO CONTINUE MARKETING A PRODUCT, AND/OR FORCE US TO EXPEND SUBSTANTIAL RESOURCES IN RESULTING LITIGATION, THE OUTCOME OF WHICH IS UNCERTAIN.

Companies that produce branded pharmaceutical products and other patent holders routinely bring litigation against entities selling or seeking regulatory approval to manufacture and market generic forms of their branded products, as well as other entities involved in the manufacture, supply, and other aspects relating to active pharmaceutical ingredients and finished pharmaceutical products. These companies and other patent holders may allege patent infringement or other violations of intellectual property rights as the basis for filing suit against an applicant for a generic product as well as others who may be involved in some aspect of the research, production, distribution, or testing process. Litigation often involves significant expense and can delay or prevent introduction or sale of our generic products. If patents are held valid and infringed by our products in a particular jurisdiction, we and/or our supplier(s) or partner(s) may, unless we or the supplier(s) or partner(s) could obtain a license from the patent holder, need to cease manufacturing and other activities, including but not limited to selling in that jurisdiction. We may also need to pay damages, surrender or withdraw the product, or destroy existing stock in that jurisdiction.

There also may be situations, including, for example, the decision to launch our 40mg/mL glatiramer acetate product, where we use our business judgment and decide to manufacture, market, and/or sell products, directly or through third parties, notwithstanding the fact that allegations of patent infringement(s) and other third party rights have not been finally resolved by the courts (i.e., an "at-risk launch"). The risk involved in doing so can be substantial because the remedies available to the owner of a patent for infringement may include, among other things, a reasonable royalty on sales, damages measured by the profits lost by the patent holder, or by profits earned by the infringer. If there is a finding by a court of willful infringement, the definition of which is subjective, such damages may be increased by up to three times. Moreover, because of the discount pricing typically involved with bioequivalent products, patented branded products generally realize a substantially higher profit margin than bioequivalent products. An adverse decision in a case such as this, or a judicial order preventing us or our suppliers and partners from manufacturing, marketing, selling, and/or other activities necessary to the manufacture and distribution of our products, could result in substantial penalties, and/or have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

IF WE OR ANY PARTNER OR SUPPLIER FAIL TO OBTAIN OR ADEQUATELY PROTECT OR ENFORCE OUR INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS, THEN WE COULD LOSE REVENUE UNDER OUR LICENSING AGREEMENTS OR LOSE SALES TO GENERIC COPIES OF OUR BRANDED PRODUCTS.

Our success depends in part on our or any partner's or supplier's ability to obtain, maintain and enforce patents, and protect trademarks, trade secrets, know-how, and other intellectual property and proprietary information. Our ability to commercialize any branded product successfully will largely depend upon our or any partner's or supplier's ability to obtain and maintain patents and trademarks of sufficient scope to lawfully prevent third-parties from developing and/or marketing infringing products. In the absence of intellectual property or other protection, competitors may adversely affect our branded products business by independently developing and/or marketing substantially equivalent products. It is also possible that we could incur substantial costs if we are required to initiate litigation against others to protect or enforce our intellectual property rights.

We have filed patent applications covering the composition of, methods of making, and/or methods of using, our branded products and branded product candidates. We may not be issued patents based on patent applications already filed or that we file in the future. Further, due to other factors that affect patentability, and if patents are issued, they may be insufficient in scope to cover or otherwise protect our branded products. Patents are national in scope and therefore the issuance of a patent in one country does not ensure the issuance of a patent in any other country. Furthermore, the patent position of companies in the pharmaceutical industry generally involves complex legal and factual questions and has been and remains the subject of significant litigation. Legal standards relating to scope and validity of patent claims are evolving and may differ in various countries. Any patents we have obtained, or obtain in the future, may be challenged, invalidated or circumvented. Moreover, the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office or any other governmental agency may commence opposition or interference proceedings involving, or consider other challenges to, our patents or patent applications. In addition, branded products often have market viability based upon the goodwill of the product name, which typically benefits from trademark protection. Our branded products may therefore also be subject to risks related to the loss of trademark or patent protection or to competition from generic or other branded products. Challenges can come from other businesses or governments, and governments could require compulsory licensing of this intellectual property.

Any challenge to, or invalidation or circumvention of, our intellectual property (including patents or patent applications and trademark protection) would be costly, would require significant time and attention of our management, and could cause a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

WE FACE VIGOROUS COMPETITION THAT THREATENS THE COMMERCIAL ACCEPTANCE AND PRICING OF OUR PRODUCTS.

The pharmaceutical industry is highly competitive. We face competition from other pharmaceutical manufacturers globally, some of whom are significantly larger than we are. Our competitors may be able to develop products and processes competitive with or superior to our own for many reasons, including but not limited to the possibility that they may have:

The occurrence of any of the above risks could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

We also face increasing competition from lower-cost generic products and other branded products. Certain of our products are not protected by patent rights or have limited patent life and will soon lose patent protection. Loss of patent protection for a product typically is followed promptly by the introduction of generic substitutes. As a result, sales of many of these products may decline or stop growing over time. Various factors may result in the sales of certain of our products, particularly those acquired in the Meda transaction and the EPD Transaction, declining faster than has been projected, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price. In addition, legislative proposals emerge from time to time in various jurisdictions to further encourage the early

and rapid approval of generic drugs. Any such proposal that is enacted into law could increase competition and worsen this negative effect on our sales and, potentially, our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and/or ordinary share price.

Competitors' products may also be safer, more effective, more effectively marketed or sold, or have lower prices or better performance features than ours. We cannot predict with certainty the timing or impact of competitors' products. In addition, our sales may suffer as a result of changes in consumer demand for our products, including those related to fluctuations in consumer buying patterns tied to seasonality, importation by consumers or the introduction of new products by competitors, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

A RELATIVELY SMALL GROUP OF PRODUCTS MAY REPRESENT A SIGNIFICANT PORTION OF OUR REVENUES, GROSS PROFIT, NET SALES, OR NET EARNINGS FROM TIME TO TIME.

Sales of a limited number of our products from time to time represent a significant portion of our revenues, gross profit, and net earnings. For the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, Mylan's top ten products in terms of sales, in the aggregate, represented approximately 21% and 27%, respectively, of the Company's third party net sales. If the volume or pricing of our largest selling products declines in the future, our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price could be materially adversely affected.

A SIGNIFICANT PORTION OF OUR REVENUES IS DERIVED FROM SALES TO A LIMITED NUMBER OF CUSTOMERS.

A significant portion of our revenues is derived from sales to a limited number of customers. If we were to experience a significant reduction in or loss of business with one or more such customers, or if one or more such customers were to experience difficulty in paying us on a timely basis, our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price could be materially adversely affected.

In addition, a significant amount of our sales are to a relatively small number of drug wholesalers and retail drug chains. These customers represent an essential part of the distribution chain of generic pharmaceutical products. Drug wholesalers and retail drug chains have undergone, and are continuing to undergo, significant consolidation. This consolidation has resulted in these groups gaining additional purchasing leverage and, consequently, increasing the product pricing pressures facing our business. We expect this trend of increased pricing pressures to continue. Additionally, the emergence of large buying groups representing independent retail pharmacies and the prevalence and influence of managed care organizations and similar institutions increases the negotiating power of these groups, enabling them to attempt to extract price discounts, rebates, and other restrictive pricing terms on our products. These factors could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price. During the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, Mylan's consolidated third party net sales to Cardinal Health, Inc. were approximately 10%, 11% and 12%, respectively; Mylan's consolidated third party net sales to McKesson Corporation were approximately 13%, 16%, and 15%, respectively; and Mylan's consolidated third party net sales to AmeriSourceBergen Corporation were approximately 8%, 14% and 16%, respectively, of consolidated third party net sales.

OUR BUSINESS COULD BE NEGATIVELY AFFECTED BY THE PERFORMANCE OF OUR THIRD_PARTY COLLABORATION PARTNERS.

We have entered into strategic alliances with partners to develop, manufacture, market and/or distribute certain products, and/or certain components of our products, in various markets. We commit substantial effort, funds and other resources to these various collaborations. There is a risk that the investments made by us in these collaborative arrangements will not generate financial returns. While we believe our relationships with our partners generally are successful, disputes or conflicting priorities and regulatory or legal intervention could be a source of delay or uncertainty as to the expected benefits of the collaboration. A failure or inability of our partners to fulfill their collaboration obligations, or the occurrence of any of the risks above, could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

THE SUPPLY OF API INTO EUROPE MAY BE NEGATIVELY AFFECTED BY RECENT REGULATIONS PROMULGATED BY THE EU.

All API imported into the EU has needed to be certified as complying with the good manufacturing practice standards established by the EU laws and guidance, as stipulated by the International Conference for Harmonization. These regulations place the certification requirement on the regulatory bodies of the exporting countries. Accordingly, the national regulatory

authorities of each exporting country must: (i) ensure that all manufacturing plants within their borders that export API into the EU comply with EU manufacturing standards and (ii) for each API exported, present a written document confirming that the exporting plant conforms to EU manufacturing standards. The imposition of this responsibility on the governments of the nations exporting an API may cause delays in delivery or shortages of an API necessary to manufacture our products, as certain governments may not be willing or able to comply with the regulation in a timely fashion, or at all. A shortage in API may prevent us from manufacturing, or cause us to have to cease manufacture of, certain products, or to incur costs and delays to qualify other suppliers to substitute for those API manufacturers unable to export. The occurrence of any of the above risks could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

WE HAVE A LIMITED NUMBER OF MANUFACTURING FACILITIES AND CERTAIN THIRD PARTY SUPPLIERS PRODUCE A SUBSTANTIAL PORTION OF OUR API AND PRODUCTS, SOME OF WHICH REQUIRE A HIGHLY EXACTING AND COMPLEX MANUFACTURING PROCESS.

A substantial portion of our capacity, as well as our current production, is attributable to a limited number of manufacturing facilities and certain third-party suppliers. A significant disruption at any one of such facilities within our internal or third party supply chain, even on a short-term basis, whether due to the failure of a third-party supplier to fulfill the terms of their agreement with us, labor disruption, adverse quality or compliance observation, other regulatory action, infringement of intellectual property rights, act of God, civil or political unrest, export or import restrictions, or other events could impair our ability to produce and ship products to the market on a timely basis and could, among other consequences, subject us to exposure to claims from customers. Any of these events could have a material adverse effect on our reputation, business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

We purchase certain API and other materials and supplies that we use in our manufacturing operations, as well as certain finished products, from many different foreign and domestic suppliers. The price of API and other materials and supplies is subject to volatility, and in certain cases, we have listed only one supplier in our applications with regulatory agencies. There is no guarantee that we will always have timely, sufficient or affordable access to critical raw materials or finished product supplied by third parties, even when we have more than one supplier. An increase in the price, or an interruption in the supply, of a single-sourced or any other raw material, including the relevant API, or in the supply of finished product, could cause our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price to be materially adversely affected. Our manufacturing and supply capabilities could be adversely impacted by quality deficiencies in the products which our suppliers provide, or at their manufacturing facilities.

In addition, the manufacture of some of our products is a highly exacting and complex process, due in part to strict regulatory requirements. Problems may arise during manufacturing at our or our third party suppliers facilities for a variety of reasons, including, among others, equipment malfunction, failure to follow specific protocols and procedures, problems with raw materials, natural disasters, power outages, labor unrest, and environmental factors. If problems arise during the production of a batch of product, that batch of product may have to be discarded. This could, among other things, lead to increased costs, lost revenue, damage to customer relations, time and expense spent investigating the cause, and, depending on the cause, similar losses with respect to other batches or products. If problems are not discovered before the product is released to the market, recall and product liability costs may also be incurred. If we or one of our suppliers experience any of the problems described above, such problems could have a material adverse effect on our reputation, business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

OUR REPORTING AND PAYMENT OBLIGATIONS RELATED TO OUR PARTICIPATION IN U.S. FEDERAL HEALTHCARE PROGRAMS, INCLUDING MEDICARE, MEDICAID AND THE DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS (THE "VA"), ARE COMPLEX AND OFTEN INVOLVE SUBJECTIVE DECISIONS THAT COULD CHANGE AS A RESULT OF NEW BUSINESS CIRCUMSTANCES, NEW REGULATIONS OR AGENCY GUIDANCE, OR ADVICE OF LEGAL COUNSEL. ANY FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH THOSE OBLIGATIONS COULD SUBJECT US TO INVESTIGATION, PENALTIES, AND SANCTIONS.

Federal laws regarding reporting and payment obligations with respect to a pharmaceutical company's participation in federal healthcare programs, including Medicare, Medicaid and the VA, are complex. Because our processes for calculating applicable government prices and the judgments involved in making these calculations involve subjective decisions and complex methodologies, these calculations are subject to risk of errors and differing interpretations. In addition, they are subject to review and challenge by the applicable governmental agencies, and it is possible that such reviews could result in changes that may have material adverse legal, regulatory, or economic consequences.

Pharmaceutical manufacturers that participate in the Medicaid Drug Rebate Program, such as Mylan, are required to report certain pricing data to the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services ("CMS"), the federal agency that administers the Medicare and Medicaid programs. This data includes the Average Manufacturer Price ("AMP") for each of the manufacturer's covered outpatient drugs. CMS calculates a type of U.S. federal ceiling on reimbursement rates to pharmacies for multiple source drugs under the Medicaid program, known as the federal upper limit ("FUL"). Since April 2016, CMS is required to use the weighted average AMP for pharmaceutically and therapeutically equivalent multiple source drugs to calculate FULs, instead of the other pricing data CMS previously used. Although weighted average AMP-based FULs do not reveal Mylan's individual AMP, publishing a weighted average AMP available to customers and the public at large could negatively affect our commercial price negotiations.

In addition, a number of state and federal government agencies are conducting investigations of manufacturers' reporting practices with respect to Average Wholesale Prices ("AWP"). The government has alleged that reporting of inflated AWP has led to excessive payments for prescription drugs, and we may be named as a defendant in actions relating to pharmaceutical pricing issues and whether allegedly improper actions by pharmaceutical manufacturers led to excessive payments by Medicare, Medicaid and/or the VA.

Any governmental agencies or authorities that have commenced, or may commence, an investigation of us relating to the sales, marketing, pricing, quality, or manufacturing of pharmaceutical products could seek to impose, based on a claim of violation of anti-fraud and false claims laws or otherwise, civil and/or criminal sanctions, including fines, penalties, and possible exclusion from federal healthcare programs, including Medicare, Medicaid and/or the VA. Some of the applicable laws may impose liability even in the absence of specific intent to defraud. Furthermore, should there be ambiguity with regard to how to properly calculate and report payments - and even in the absence of any such ambiguity - a governmental authority may take a position contrary to a position we have taken, and may impose or pursue civil and/or criminal sanctions. Governmental agencies may also make changes in program interpretations, requirements or conditions of participation, some of which may have implications for amounts previously estimated or paid. We cannot assure you that our submissions will not be found by CMS or the VA to be incomplete or incorrect. Any failure to comply with the above laws and regulations, and any such penalties or sanctions could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

WE MAY EXPERIENCE REDUCTIONS IN THE LEVELS OF REIMBURSEMENT FOR PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS BY GOVERNMENTAL AUTHORITIES, HMOS, OR OTHER THIRD-PARTY PAYORS. IN ADDITION, THE USE OF TENDER SYSTEMS AND OTHER FORMS OF PRICE CONTROL, INCLUDING LEGISLATIVE OR REGULATORY PROGRAMS IMPACTING PHARMACEUTICAL PRICES, COULD REDUCE PRICES FOR OUR PRODUCTS OR REDUCE OUR MARKET OPPORTUNITIES.

Various governmental authorities (including, among others, the U.K. National Health Service and the German statutory health insurance scheme) and private health insurers and other organizations, such as HMOs in the U.S., provide reimbursements or subsidies to consumers for the cost of certain pharmaceutical products. Demand for our products depends in part on the extent to which such reimbursement is available. In the U.S., third-party payors increasingly challenge the pricing of pharmaceutical products. These trends and other trends toward the growth of HMOs, managed healthcare, and legislative healthcare reform create significant uncertainties regarding the future levels of reimbursement for pharmaceutical products. Further, any reimbursement may be reduced in the future to the point that market demand for our products and/or our profitability declines. Such a decline could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

In addition, current or future U.S. federal, U.S. state or other countries' laws and regulations may influence the prices of drugs and, therefore, could adversely affect the payments we receive for our products. For example, existing programs in certain states in the U.S. seek to broadly set prices within those states through the regulation and administration of the sale of prescription drugs. Expansion of these programs, and, in particular, changes to state Medicare and/or Medicaid programs, or changes required in the way in which Medicare payment rates are set and/or the way Medicaid rebates are calculated, could adversely affect the payment we receive for our products. In order to control expenditure on pharmaceuticals, most member states in the EU regulate the pricing of products and, in some cases, limit the range of different forms of pharmaceuticals available for prescription by national health services. These controls can result in considerable price differences between member states.

Several countries in which we operate have implemented, or plan to or may implement, government mandated price reductions and/or other controls. When such price controls occur, pharmaceutical companies have generally experienced significant declines in revenues and profitability and uncertainties continue to exist within the market after the price decrease. Such price reductions or controls could have an adverse effect on our business, and as uncertainties are resolved or if other

countries in which we operate enact similar measures, they could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

A number of markets in which we operate have also implemented or may implement tender systems for generic pharmaceuticals in an effort to lower prices. Under such tender systems, manufacturers submit bids which establish prices for generic pharmaceutical products. Upon winning the tender, the winning company will receive a preferential reimbursement for a period of time. The tender system often results in companies underbidding one another by proposing low pricing in order to win the tender. Certain other countries may consider the implementation of a tender system or other forms of price controls. Even if a tender system is ultimately not implemented, the anticipation of such could result in price reductions.

Failing to win tenders, or the implementation of similar systems or other forms of price controls in other markets leading to further price declines, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

HEALTHCARE REFORM LEGISLATION COULD HAVE A MATERIAL ADVERSE EFFECT ON OUR BUSINESS.

In recent years, there have been numerous initiatives on the federal and state levels for comprehensive reforms affecting the payment for, the availability of and reimbursement for, healthcare services in the U.S., and it is likely that Congress and state legislatures and health agencies will continue to focus on healthcare reform in the future. The PPACA and The Health Care and Education and Reconciliation Act of 2010 (H.R. 4872), which amends the PPACA (collectively, the "Health Reform Laws"), were signed into law in March 2010. While the Health Reform Laws may increase the number of patients who have insurance coverage for our products, they also include provisions such as the assessment of a pharmaceutical manufacturer fee and an increase in the amount of rebates that manufacturers pay for coverage of their drugs by Medicaid programs.

We are unable to predict the future course of federal or state healthcare legislation. The Health Reform Laws and further changes in the law or regulatory framework that reduce our revenues or increase our costs could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

Additionally, we encounter similar regulatory and legislative issues in most other countries. In the EU and some other international markets, the government provides healthcare at low cost to consumers and regulates pharmaceutical prices, patient eligibility and/or reimbursement levels to control costs for the government-sponsored healthcare system. These systems of price regulations may lead to inconsistent and lower prices. Within the EU and in other countries, the availability of our products in some markets at lower prices undermines our sales in other markets with higher prices. Additionally, certain countries set prices by reference to the prices in other countries where our products are marketed. Thus, our inability to secure adequate prices in a particular country may also impair our ability to obtain acceptable prices in existing and potential new markets, and may create the opportunity for third party cross border trade.

Significant additional reforms to the U.S. healthcare system, or to the healthcare systems of other markets in which we operate, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

WE ARE INVOLVED IN VARIOUS LEGAL PROCEEDINGS AND CERTAIN GOVERNMENT INQUIRIES AND MAY EXPERIENCE UNFAVORABLE OUTCOMES OF SUCH PROCEEDINGS OR INQUIRIES.

We are or may be involved in various legal proceedings and certain government inquiries or investigations, including, but not limited to, patent infringement, product liability, antitrust matters, breach of contract, and claims involving Medicare, Medicaid and/or VA reimbursements, or laws relating to sales, marketing, and pricing practices, some of which are described in our periodic reports, that involve claims for, or the possibility of, fines and penalties involving substantial amounts of money or other relief, including but not limited to civil or criminal fines and penalties and exclusion from participation in various government healthcare-related programs. With respect to government antitrust enforcement and private plaintiff litigation of so-called "pay for delay" patent settlements, large verdicts, settlements or government fines are possible, especially in the U.S. and EU. If any of these legal proceedings or inquiries were to result in an adverse outcome, the impact could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

With respect to product liability, we maintain a combination of self-insurance (including through our wholly owned captive insurance subsidiary) and commercial insurance to protect against and manage a portion of the risks involved in conducting our business. Although we carry insurance, we believe that no reasonable amount of insurance can fully protect against all such risks because of the potential liability inherent in the business of producing pharmaceuticals for human consumption. Emerging developments in the U.S. legal landscape relative to the liability of generic pharmaceutical

manufacturers for certain product liabilities claims could increase our exposure litigation costs and damages. To the extent that a loss occurs, depending on the nature of the loss and the level of insurance coverage maintained, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

In addition, in limited circumstances, entities that we have acquired are party to litigation in matters under which we are, or may be, entitled to indemnification by the previous owners. Even in the case of indemnification, there are risks inherent in such indemnities and, accordingly, there can be no assurance that we will receive the full benefits of such indemnification, or that we will not experience an adverse result in a matter that is not indemnified, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

IF WE FAIL TO COMPLY WITH OUR CORPORATE INTEGRITY AGREEMENT, WE COULD BE SUBJECT TO SUBSTANTIAL PENALTIES AND EXCLUSION FROM PARTICIPATION IN FEDERAL HEALTHCARE PROGRAMS.

In August 2017, Mylan Inc. and Mylan Specialty L.P. entered into a Corporate Integrity Agreement (the "CIA") with the Office of Inspector General of the Department of Health and Human Services ("OIG-HHS"). The CIA has a five-year term and requires, among other things, enhancements to our compliance program, fulfillment of reporting and monitoring obligations, management certifications and resolutions from Mylan Inc.'s board, as well as that an independent review organization annually review various matters relating to the Medicaid Drug Rebate Program, among other things. If we fail to comply with the CIA, the OIG-HHS may impose substantial monetary penalties or exclude us from federal healthcare programs, including Medicare, Medicaid or the VA, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

WE HAVE A NUMBER OF CLEAN ENERGY INVESTMENTS WHICH ARE SUBJECT TO VARIOUS RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES.

We have invested in clean energy operations capable of producing refined coal that we believe qualify for tax credits under Section 45 of the Code. Our ability to claim tax credits under Section 45 of the Code depends upon the operations in which we have invested satisfying certain ongoing conditions set forth in Section 45 of the Code. These include, among others, the emissions reduction, "qualifying technology", and "placed-in-service" requirements of Section 45 of the Code, as well as the requirement that at least one of the operations' owners qualifies as a "producer" of refined coal. While we have received some degree of confirmation from the IRS relating to our ability to claim these tax credits, the IRS could ultimately determine that the operations have not satisfied, or have not continued to satisfy, the conditions set forth in Section 45 of the Code.

In addition, the implementation of the Tax Act could limit Mylan's ability to realize the benefit of these investments, or Congress could modify or repeal Section 45 of the Code and remove the tax credits retroactively. In addition, Section 45 of the Code contains phase out provisions based upon the market price of coal, such that, if the price of coal rises to specified levels, we could lose some or all of the tax credits we expect to receive from these investments. Finally, when the price of natural gas or oil declines relative to that of coal, some utilities may choose to burn natural gas or oil instead of coal. Market demand for coal may also decline as a result of an economic slowdown and a corresponding decline in the use of electricity. If utilities burn less coal, eliminate coal in the production of electricity or are otherwise unable to operate for an extended period of time, the availability of the tax credits would also be reduced. During 2017, as a result of a decline in current and expected future production levels at certain of our clean energy facilities, the Company impaired its investment balance and other assets. Additional impairments could occur in the future.

The occurrence of any of the above risks could limit the value of our investment, result in increased costs, materially increase our tax burden or adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

WE HAVE SIGNIFICANT INDEBTEDNESS, WHICH COULD LEAD TO ADVERSE CONSEQUENCES OR ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR FINANCIAL POSITION AND PREVENT US FROM FULFILLING OUR OBLIGATIONS UNDER SUCH INDEBTEDNESS, AND ANY REFINANCING OF THIS DEBT COULD BE AT SIGNIFICANTLY HIGHER INTEREST RATES.

Our level of indebtedness could have important consequences, including but not limited to:

Our ability to service our indebtedness will depend on our future operating performance and financial results, which will be subject, in part, to factors beyond our control, including interest rates and general economic, financial and business conditions. If we do not have sufficient cash flow to service our indebtedness, we may need to refinance all or part of our existing indebtedness, borrow more money or sell securities or assets, some or all of which may not be available to us at acceptable terms or at all. In addition, we may need to incur additional indebtedness in the future in the ordinary course of business. Although the terms of our credit agreements and our bond indentures allow us to incur additional debt, this is subject to certain limitations which may preclude us from incurring the amount of indebtedness we otherwise desire.

In addition, although Mylan expects to maintain an investment grade credit rating, a downgrade in the credit rating of Mylan or any indebtedness of Mylan or its subsidiaries could increase the cost of further borrowings or refinancings of such indebtedness, limit access to sources of financing in the future or lead to other adverse consequences.

In addition, if we incur additional debt, the risks described above could intensify. If global credit markets contract, future debt financing may not be available to us when required or may not be available on acceptable terms or at all, and as a result we may be unable to grow our business, take advantage of business opportunities, respond to competitive pressures or satisfy our obligations under our indebtedness. Any of the foregoing could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

Our credit facilities, senior unsecured notes, other outstanding indebtedness and any additional indebtedness we incur in the future impose, or may impose, significant operating and financial restrictions on us. These restrictions limit our ability to, among other things, incur additional indebtedness, make investments, pay certain dividends, prepay other indebtedness, sell assets, incur certain liens, enter into agreements with our affiliates or restricting our subsidiaries' ability to pay dividends, merge or consolidate. In addition, our credit facilities require us to maintain specified financial ratios. A breach of any of these covenants or our inability to maintain the required financial ratios could result in a default under the related indebtedness. If a default occurs, the relevant lenders could elect to declare our indebtedness, together with accrued interest and other fees, to be immediately due and payable. These factors could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

WE ENTER INTO VARIOUS AGREEMENTS IN THE NORMAL COURSE OF BUSINESS THAT PERIODICALLY INCORPORATE PROVISIONS WHEREBY WE INDEMNIFY THE OTHER PARTY TO THE AGREEMENT.

In the normal course of business, we periodically enter into commercial, employment, legal settlement, and other agreements that incorporate indemnification provisions. In some, but not all, cases, we maintain insurance coverage that we believe will effectively mitigate our obligations under certain of these indemnification provisions. However, should our obligation under an indemnification provision exceed any applicable coverage or should coverage be denied, our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price could be materially adversely affected.

THERE ARE INHERENT UNCERTAINTIES INVOLVED IN ESTIMATES, JUDGMENTS AND ASSUMPTIONS USED IN THE PREPARATION OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS IN ACCORDANCE WITH U.S. GAAP. ANY FUTURE CHANGES IN ESTIMATES, JUDGMENTS AND ASSUMPTIONS USED OR NECESSARY REVISIONS TO PRIOR ESTIMATES, JUDGMENTS OR ASSUMPTIONS OR CHANGES IN ACCOUNTING STANDARDS COULD LEAD TO A RESTATEMENT OR REVISION TO PREVIOUSLY ISSUED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.

The Consolidated and Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in the periodic reports we file with the SEC are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP involves making estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses and income. Estimates, judgments and assumptions are inherently subject to change in the future and any necessary revisions to prior estimates, judgments or assumptions could lead to a restatement. Furthermore, although we have recorded reserves for litigation related contingencies based on estimates of probable future costs, such litigation related contingencies could result in

substantial further costs. Also, any new or revised accounting standards may require adjustments to previously issued financial statements. Any such changes could result in corresponding changes to the amounts of liabilities, revenues, expenses and income.

On August 17, 2017, the Company announced that its subsidiaries, Mylan Inc. and Mylan Specialty L.P., signed an agreement with the U.S. Department of Justice ("DOJ") and two relators finalizing the  $465 million  settlement, plus interest, with the DOJ and other government agencies related to the classification of the EpiPen® Auto-Injector for purposes of the Medicaid Drug Rebate Program that Mylan had agreed to the terms of on October 7, 2016 (the "Medicaid Drug Rebate Program Settlement"). On April 25, 2017, Mylan received a comment letter from the staff of the SEC's Division of Corporation Finance ("Corporation Finance") with respect to Mylan's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016, requesting information regarding Mylan's accounting treatment of the $465 million Medicaid Drug Rebate Program Settlement with the DOJ, including with respect to the determinations that the settlement amount should be recorded as a charge against earnings in the third quarter of 2016 rather than against any earlier periods, and that the settlement amount should be classified as an expense rather than a reduction of revenue.

Any of the changes discussed above could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

WE MUST MAINTAIN ADEQUATE INTERNAL CONTROLS AND BE ABLE TO PROVIDE AN ASSERTION AS TO THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SUCH CONTROLS ON AN ANNUAL BASIS.

Effective internal controls are necessary for us to provide reasonable assurance with respect to our financial reports. We spend a substantial amount of management and other employee time and resources to comply with laws, regulations and standards relating to corporate governance and public disclosure. In the U.S., such regulations include the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, SEC regulations and the NASDAQ listing standards. In particular, Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 requires management's annual review and evaluation of our internal control over financial reporting and attestation as to the effectiveness of these controls by our independent registered public accounting firm. If we fail to maintain the adequacy of our internal controls, we may not be able to ensure that we can conclude on an ongoing basis that we have effective internal control over financial reporting. Additionally, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements because of its inherent limitations, including the possibility of human error, the circumvention or overriding of controls, or fraud. Therefore, even effective internal controls can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to the preparation and fair presentation of financial statements. In addition, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting to future periods are subject to the risk that the control may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. If we fail to maintain the adequacy of our internal controls, including any failure to implement required new or improved controls, this could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

OUR FUTURE SUCCESS IS HIGHLY DEPENDENT ON OUR CONTINUED ABILITY TO ATTRACT AND RETAIN KEY PERSONNEL. LOSS OF KEY PERSONNEL COULD LEAD TO LOSS OF CUSTOMERS, BUSINESS DISRUPTION, AND A DECLINE IN REVENUES, ADVERSELY AFFECT THE PROGRESS OF PIPELINE PRODUCTS, OR OTHERWISE ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR OPERATIONS.

It is important that we attract and retain qualified personnel in order to develop and commercialize new products, manage our business, and compete effectively. Competition for qualified personnel in the pharmaceutical industry is very intense. If we fail to attract and retain key scientific, technical, commercial, or management personnel, our business could be affected adversely. Additionally, while we have employment agreements with certain key employees in place, their employment for the duration of the agreement is not guaranteed. Current and prospective employees might also experience uncertainty about their future roles with us following the consummation and integration of our recent transactions, including the EPD Transaction and the Meda transaction, and potential future transactions, which might adversely affect our ability to retain key managers and other employees. If we are unsuccessful in retaining our key employees or enforcing certain post-employment contractual provisions such as confidentiality or non-competition provisions, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

OUR ACTUAL FINANCIAL POSITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS MAY DIFFER MATERIALLY FROM THE UNAUDITED PRO FORMA FINANCIAL INFORMATION INCLUDED IN THIS ANNUAL REPORT.

The unaudited pro forma financial information contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K may not be indicative of what our financial position or results of operations would have been had the Meda transaction and the EPD Transaction been completed on the dates indicated, nor are they indicative of the future operating results of Mylan N.V. The unaudited pro forma

financial information has been derived from the historical consolidated financial statements of Mylan N.V., Mylan Inc., Meda, and the combined financial statements of the EPD Business and reflects certain adjustments related to past operating performance and acquisition accounting adjustments, such as increased amortization expense based on the fair value of assets acquired, the impact of transaction costs, and the related income tax effects. The information upon which these adjustments have been made is subjective, and these types of adjustments are difficult to make with complete accuracy. Accordingly, the actual financial position and results of our operations following the Meda transaction and the EPD Transaction may not be consistent with, or evident from, this unaudited pro forma financial information and other factors may affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price, including, among others, those described herein.

WE ARE IN THE PROCESS OF ENHANCING AND FURTHER DEVELOPING OUR GLOBAL ERP SYSTEMS AND ASSOCIATED BUSINESS APPLICATIONS, WHICH COULD RESULT IN BUSINESS INTERRUPTIONS IF WE ENCOUNTER DIFFICULTIES.

We are enhancing and further developing our global ERP and other business critical IT infrastructure systems and associated applications to provide more operating efficiencies and effective management of our business and financial operations. Such changes to ERP systems and related software, and other IT infrastructure carry risks such as cost overruns, project delays and business interruptions and delays. If we experience a material business interruption as a result of our ERP enhancements, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price. Refer to Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting included in Item 8 in this Form 10-K.

WE ARE INCREASINGLY DEPENDENT ON INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND OUR SYSTEMS AND INFRASTRUCTURE FACE CERTAIN RISKS, INCLUDING CYBERSECURITY AND DATA LEAKAGE RISKS.

Significant disruptions to our information technology systems or breaches of information security could adversely affect our business. We are increasingly dependent on sophisticated information technology systems and infrastructure to operate our business. We also have outsourced significant elements of our operations to third parties, some of which are outside the U.S., including significant elements of our information technology infrastructure, and as a result we are managing many independent vendor relationships with third parties who may or could have access to our confidential information. The size and complexity of our information technology systems, and those of our third-party vendors with whom we contract, make such systems potentially vulnerable to service interruptions. In addition, we and our vendors could be susceptible to third party attacks on our information technology systems. Such attacks are increasingly sophisticated and are made by groups and individuals with a wide range of motives and expertise, including state and quasi-state actors, criminal groups, "hackers" and others. Any security breach or other disruption to our or our vendors' information technology infrastructure could also interfere with or disrupt our business operations, including our manufacturing, distribution, R&D, sales and/or marketing activities.

In the ordinary course of business, we and our vendors collect, store and transmit large amounts of confidential information (including trade secrets or other intellectual property, proprietary business information and personal information), and it is critical that we do so in a secure manner to maintain the confidentiality and integrity of such confidential information. The size and complexity of our and our vendors' systems and the large amounts of confidential information that is present on them also makes them potentially vulnerable to security breaches from inadvertent or intentional actions by our employees, partners or vendors, or from attacks by malicious third parties. Maintaining the security, confidentiality and integrity of this confidential information (including trade secrets or other intellectual property, proprietary, business information and personal information) is important to our competitive business position. However, such information can be difficult to protect. While we have taken steps to protect such information, and to ensure that the third-party vendors' on which we rely have taken adequate steps to protect such information, there can be no assurance that our or our vendors' efforts will prevent service interruptions or security breaches in our systems or the unauthorized or inadvertent wrongful use or disclosure of confidential information that could adversely affect our business operations or result in the loss, misappropriation, and/or unauthorized access, use or disclosure of, or the prevention of access to, confidential information. A breach of our or our vendors' security measures or the accidental loss, inadvertent disclosure, unapproved dissemination, misappropriation or misuse of trade secrets, proprietary information, or other confidential information, whether as a result of theft, hacking, fraud, trickery or other forms of deception, or for any other cause, could enable others to produce competing products, use our proprietary technology or information, and/or adversely affect our business position. Further, any such interruption, security breach, or loss, misappropriation, and/or unauthorized access, use or disclosure of confidential information, including personal information regarding our patients and employees, could result in financial, legal, business, and reputational harm to us and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

WE ARE SUBJECT TO DATA PRIVACY AND SECURITY LAWS AND REGULATIONS IN MANY DIFFERENT JURISDICTIONS AND COUNTRIES WHERE WE DO BUSINESS, AND OUR OR OUR VENDORS' FAILURE TO COMPLY COULD RESULT IN FINES, PENALTIES, REPUTATIONAL DAMAGE, AND COULD IMPACT THE WAY WE OPERATE OUR BUSINESS.

We are subject to laws and regulations governing the collection, use and transmission of personal information, including health information. As the legislative and regulatory landscape for data privacy and protection continues to evolve around the world, there has been an increasing focus on privacy and data protection issues that may affect our business, including the U.S.'s federal Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, as amended ("HIPAA"), the EU's General Data Protection Regulation ("GDPR"), and other laws and regulations described below.

In the U.S., we may be subject to state security breach notification laws, state health information privacy laws and federal and state consumer protections laws which impose requirements for the collection, use, disclosure and transmission of personal information. Each of these laws are subject to varying interpretations by courts and government agencies, creating complex compliance issues for us. If we, or the third-party vendors' on which we reply, fail to comply with applicable laws and regulations we could be subject to fines, penalties or sanctions, including criminal penalties if we knowingly obtain individually identifiable health information from a covered entity in a manner that is not authorized or permitted by HIPAA or for aiding and abetting the violation of HIPAA.

In addition, EU member states and other jurisdictions have adopted data protection laws and regulations that impose significant compliance obligations. The EC's adoption of the 1995 EU Data Protection Directive imposed significant compliance obligations. As implemented into national laws by the EU member states, the Data Protection Directive imposes strict obligations and restrictions on the ability to collect, analyze, and transfer personal data, including health data from clinical trials and adverse event reporting. Data protection authorities from different EU member states have interpreted the privacy laws differently, adding to the complexity of processing personal data in the EU, and guidance on implementation and compliance practices are often updated or otherwise revised. Any failure to comply with the rules arising from the EU Data Protection Directive and related national laws of EU member states could lead to government enforcement actions and significant penalties against us, and adversely impact our operating results.

In 2016, the EU formally adopted GDPR, which will directly apply to and bind all EU member states from May 25, 2018 and will replace the current EU Data Protection Directive on that date. The regulation introduces new data protection requirements in the EU and establishes a framework to govern data sharing and collection and related consumer privacy rights. Compared to the current Directive, the GDPR may result in greater compliance obligations, including the implementation of a number of processes and policies around our data collection and use. In addition, the GDPR includes significant new penalties for non-compliance, with fines up to the higher of €20 million or 4% of total annual worldwide revenue. In general, GDPR, and other local privacy laws, could also lead to adaptation of our technologies or practices to satisfy local privacy requirements and standards that may be more stringent than in the U.S.

Other countries in which we do business have, or are developing, laws governing the collection, use and transmission of personal information as well that may affect our business or require us to adapt our technologies or practices. These include Canada and several Latin American and Asian countries, which have constitutional protections for, or have adopted legislation protecting, individuals' personal information. Other countries, including Australia and Japan, have established specific legal requirements for cross-border transfers of personal information. Some countries, including India, are considering legislation implementing data protection requirements or requiring local storage and processing of data or similar requirements.

These and similar initiatives could increase the cost of developing, implementing or maintaining our IT systems, require us to allocate more resources to compliance initiatives or increase our costs. In addition, a failure by us, or our third-party vendors, to comply with applicable data privacy and security laws could result in financial, legal, business, and reputational harm to us and could have a material adverse effect on the way we operate our business, our financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

THE EXPANSION OF SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORMS PRESENTS NEW RISKS AND CHALLENGES.

The inappropriate use of certain social media vehicles could cause brand damage or information leakage or could lead to legal implications from the improper collection and/or dissemination of personally identifiable information or the improper dissemination of material non-public information. In addition, negative posts or comments about us on any social networking web site could seriously damage our reputation. Further, the disclosure of non-public company sensitive information through external media channels could lead to information loss as there might not be structured processes in place to secure and protect information. If our non-public sensitive information is disclosed or if our reputation is seriously damaged through social media,

it could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or ordinary share price.

As previously disclosed, on April 25, 2017, Mylan received a comment letter from the staff of the SEC's Division of Corporation Finance ("Corporation Finance") with respect to Mylan's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016, requesting information regarding Mylan's accounting treatment of the $465 million Medicaid Drug Rebate Program Settlement with the DOJ, including with respect to the determinations that the settlement amount should be recorded as a charge against earnings in the third quarter of 2016 rather than against any earlier periods, and that the settlement amount should be classified as an expense rather than a reduction of revenue. The Company responded to the comment letter in May 2017 and we will continue to respond to any additional correspondence from Corporation Finance. We believe that our accounting treatment for the aforementioned DOJ settlement is appropriate and consistent with all applicable accounting standards.

For information regarding properties, refer to Item 1 "Business" in Part I of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

For information regarding legal proceedings, refer to Note  18 Litigation , in the accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

PART II

Our ordinary shares are traded on the NASDAQ Stock Market under the symbol "MYL." Our ordinary shares were also traded on the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange ("TASE"). On November 10, 2017, however, the Company announced that it was voluntarily delisting the Company's ordinary shares from trading on the TASE and the TASE delisting became effective on February 12, 2018.

The following table sets forth the quarterly high and low sales prices for Mylan N.V. 's ordinary shares for the quarterly periods of 2017 and 2016 :

As of January 22, 2018 , there were approximately 147,000 holders of Mylan N.V. ordinary shares, including those held in street or nominee name.

The Company did not pay dividends in 2017 or 2016 and does not intend to pay dividends on its ordinary shares in the near future.

ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

UNREGISTERED SALES OF DEBT SECURITIES

In the past three years, we have issued unregistered securities in connection with the following transactions:

In May 2017, Mylan N.V. issued €500 million aggregate principal amount of senior unsecured debt securities, comprised of floating rate Senior Notes due 2020. These notes were issued in a private offering exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), to persons outside of the U.S. pursuant to Regulation S under the Securities Act.

In November 2016, Mylan N.V. issued €3.0 billion aggregate principal amount of senior unsecured debt securities, comprised of floating rate Senior Notes due 2018, 1.250% Senior Notes due 2020, 2.250% Senior Notes due 2024 and 3.125% Senior Notes due 2028. These notes were issued in a private offering exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act, to persons outside of the U.S. pursuant to Regulation S under the Securities Act.

In June 2016, Mylan N.V. issued $6.5 billion aggregate principal amount of senior unsecured debt securities, comprised of 2.500% Senior Notes due 2019, 3.150% Senior Notes due 2021, 3.950% Senior Notes due 2026 and 5.250% Senior Notes due 2046. These notes were issued in a private offering exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act, to qualified institutional buyers in accordance with Rule 144A and to persons outside of the U.S. pursuant to Regulation S under the Securities Act. In December 2016, Mylan N.V. and Mylan Inc. filed a registration statement with the SEC with respect to an offer to exchange these notes for registered notes with the same aggregate principal amount and terms substantially identical in all material respects, which was declared effective on January 3, 2017. The exchange offer expired on January 31, 2017 and settled on February 3, 2017.

In December 2015, Mylan N.V. issued $1.0 billion aggregate principal amount of senior unsecured debt securities, comprised of 3.000% Senior Notes due 2018 and 3.750% Senior Notes due 2020. These notes were issued in a private offering exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act to qualified institutional buyers in accordance with Rule 144A and to persons outside of the United States pursuant to Regulation S under the Securities Act. In December 2016, Mylan N.V. and Mylan Inc. filed a registration statement with the SEC with respect to an offer to exchange these notes for registered notes with the same aggregate principal amount and terms substantially identical in all material respects, which was declared effective on January 3, 2017. The exchange offer expired on January 31, 2017 and settled on February 3, 2017. 

STOCK PERFORMANCE GRAPH

Set forth below is a performance graph comparing the cumulative total return (assuming reinvestment of dividends), in U.S. Dollars, for the calendar years ended December 31, 2013 , 2014 , 2015 , 2016 and 2017 of $100 invested on December 31, 2012 in the Company's ordinary shares, the Standard & Poor's 500 Index and the Dow Jones U.S. Pharmaceuticals Index.

	December 31, 2012			December 31, 2013			December 31, 2014			December 31, 2015			December 31, 2016			December 31, 2017
Mylan N.V. (1)	100.00			158.11			205.36			196.98			138.98			154.13
S&P 500	100.00			132.39			150.51			152.59			170.84			208.14
Dow Jones U.S. Pharmaceuticals	100.00			133.92			162.59			172.69			168.93			189.27

____________

The selected consolidated financial data set forth below should be read in conjunction with "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition" included in Item 7 and the Consolidated Financial Statements and related Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The functional currency of the primary economic environment in which the operations of Mylan and its subsidiaries in the U.S. are conducted is the U.S. Dollar. The functional currency of non-U.S. subsidiaries is generally the local currency in the country in which each subsidiary operates.

Mylan N.V. is the successor to Mylan Inc., the information set forth below refers to Mylan Inc. for periods prior to February 27, 2015, and to Mylan N.V. on and after February 27, 2015.

related to impairment charges to intangible assets: $80.8 million , $68.3 million , $31.3 million , $27.7 million and $18.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2017 , 2016 , 2015 , 2014 and 2013 , respectively.

The following discussion and analysis addresses material changes in the financial condition and results of operations of Mylan N.V. and subsidiaries for the periods presented. Unless context requires otherwise, the "Company," "Mylan," "our," or "we" refer to Mylan N.V. and its subsidiaries. This discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements , the related Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements and our other SEC filings and public disclosures.

This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains "forward-looking statements." These statements are made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such forward-looking statements may include, without limitation, statements about the potential benefits and synergies of acquisitions, future opportunities for Mylan and its products, and any other statements regarding Mylan's future operations, anticipated business levels, future earnings, planned activities, anticipated growth, market opportunities, strategies, competition, and other expectations and targets for future periods. These may often be identified by the use of words such as "will," "may," "could," "should," "would," "project," "believe," "anticipate," "expect," "plan," "estimate," "forecast," "potential," "intend," "continue," "target" and variations of these words or comparable words. Because forward-looking statements inherently involve risks and uncertainties, actual future results may differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to: the ability to meet expectations regarding the accounting and tax treatments of acquisitions, including the EPD Transaction; changes in relevant tax and other laws, including but not limited to changes in the U.S. tax code and healthcare and pharmaceutical laws and regulations in the U.S. and abroad; actions and decisions of healthcare and pharmaceutical regulators; the integration of acquired businesses or assets being more difficult, time-consuming, or costly than expected; operating costs, customer loss, and business disruption (including, without limitation, difficulties in maintaining relationships with employees, customers, clients, or suppliers) being greater than expected following acquisitions; the possibility that Mylan may be unable to achieve expected synergies and operating efficiencies in connection with acquisitions and the December 2016 announced restructuring programs in certain locations, within the expected time-frames or at all expected or targeted future financial and operating performance and results; the capacity to bring new products to market, including but not limited to where Mylan uses its business judgment and decides to manufacture, market, and/or sell products, directly or through third parties, notwithstanding the fact that allegations of patent infringement(s) have not been finally resolved by the courts (i.e., an "at-risk launch"); any regulatory, legal, or other impediments to Mylan's ability to bring new products, including but not limited to generic Advair and Glatiramer Acetate Injection 20 mg/mL and 40 mg/mL, to market, including ongoing and unresolved allegations of patent infringement around our launch of Glatiramer Acetate Injection 40 mg/mL; success of clinical trials and Mylan's ability to execute on new product opportunities, including but not limited to generic Advair and Glatiramer Acetate Injection 20 mg/mL and 40 mg/mL; any changes in or difficulties with our inventory of, and the ability of Meridian Medical Technologies, a Pfizer company, to supply us with the EpiPen® Auto-Injector and EpiPen Jr® Auto-Injector (collectively, "EpiPen® Auto-Injector") to meet anticipated demand; the potential impact of any change in patient access to the EpiPen® Auto-Injector and the introduction of a generic version of the EpiPen® Auto-Injector; the scope, timing, and outcome of any ongoing legal proceedings, including government investigations, and the impact of any such proceedings on financial condition, results of operations, and/or cash flows; the ability to protect intellectual property and preserve intellectual property rights; the effect of any changes in customer and supplier relationships and customer purchasing patterns; the ability to attract and retain key personnel; changes in third-party relationships; the impact of competition; changes in the economic and financial conditions of the businesses of Mylan; the inherent challenges, risks, and costs in identifying, acquiring, and integrating complementary or strategic acquisitions of other companies, products, or assets and in achieving anticipated synergies; uncertainties and matters beyond the control of management; and inherent uncertainties involved in the estimates and judgments used in the preparation of financial statements, and the providing of estimates of financial measures, in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP") and related standards or on an adjusted basis. For more detailed information on the risks and uncertainties associated with Mylan's business activities, see the risks described in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 and our other filings with the SEC. You can access Mylan's filings with the SEC through the SEC website at www.sec.gov, and Mylan strongly encourages you to do so. Mylan routinely posts information that may be important to investors on our website at investor.mylan.com, and we use this website address as a means of disclosing material information to the public in a broad, non-exclusionary manner for purposes of the SEC's Regulation Fair Disclosure (Reg FD). The contents of our website are not incorporated by reference in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and shall not be deemed "filed" under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Mylan undertakes no obligation to update any statements herein for revisions or changes after the filing date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Executive Overview

Mylan is a leading global pharmaceutical company, which develops, licenses, manufactures, markets and distributes generic, branded generics, brand name and OTC products in a variety of dosage forms and therapeutic categories. Mylan is committed to setting new standards in healthcare by creating better health for a better world, and our mission is to provide the world's 7 billion people access to high quality medicine. To do so, we innovate to satisfy unmet needs; make reliability and service excellence a habit; do what's right, not what's easy; and impact the future through passionate global leadership. We believe access to healthcare should be a right, not a privilege. That makes our mission very personal. While a great deal of progress has been made over the years to expand access to healthcare, there's still much to be done. With our strong foundation in pharmaceuticals and long track record of doing good, Mylan is uniquely positioned to address the world's most pressing health concerns.

Mylan offers one of the industry's broadest product portfolios, including more than 7,500 marketed products around the world, to customers in more than 165 countries and territories. We operate a global, high quality, vertically-integrated manufacturing platform around the world and one of the world's largest API operations. We also operate a strong and innovative R&D network that has consistently delivered a robust product pipeline including a variety of dosage forms, therapeutic categories and biosimilars.

Generic products, particularly in the U.S., generally contribute most significantly to revenues and gross margins at the time of their launch, and even more so in periods of market exclusivity, or in periods of limited generic competition. As such, the timing of new product introductions can have a significant impact on the Company's financial results. The entrance into the market of additional competition generally has a negative impact on the volume and pricing of the affected products. Additionally, pricing is often affected by factors outside of the Company's control.

For branded products, the majority of the product's commercial value is usually realized during the period in which the product has market exclusivity. In the U.S. and some other countries, when market exclusivity expires and generic versions of a product are approved and marketed, there can often be very substantial and rapid declines in the branded product's sales. OTC products also participate in a competitive environment that includes both branded and private label products. In the OTC space, value is realized through innovation, access and consumer activation.

Certain markets within Europe in which we do business have undergone government-imposed price reductions, and further government-imposed price reductions are expected in the future. Such measures, along with the tender systems discussed below, are likely to have a negative impact on sales and gross profit in these markets. However, government initiatives in certain markets that appear to favor generic products could help to mitigate this unfavorable effect by increasing rates of generic substitution and penetration.

Additionally, a number of markets in which we operate in Europe have implemented, or may implement, tender systems for generic pharmaceuticals in an effort to lower prices. Generally speaking, tender systems can have an unfavorable impact on sales and profitability. Under such tender systems, manufacturers submit bids that establish prices for generic pharmaceutical products. Upon winning the tender, the winning company will receive priority placement for a period of time. The tender system often results in companies underbidding one another by proposing low pricing in order to win the tender. The loss of a tender by a third party to whom we supply API can also have a negative impact on our sales and profitability. Sales continue to be negatively affected by the impact of tender systems in certain countries.

As in Europe, both Australia and Japan have undergone government-imposed price reductions that have had, and could continue to have, a negative impact on sales and gross profit in these markets.

In August 2016, we acquired Meda for a total purchase price of approximately $6.92 billion , net of cash acquired. Meda provided a diversified and expansive portfolio of branded and generic medicines along with a strong and growing portfolio of OTC products. The combined company has a balanced global footprint with significant scale in key geographic markets, particularly the U.S. and Europe. The acquisition of Meda also expanded our presence in key emerging markets, including China, Russia, Turkey, and Mexico, and in countries in South East Asia, and the Middle East, which complemented Mylan's existing presence in India, Brazil and Africa (including South Africa).

From time to time, a limited number of our products may represent a significant portion of our net sales, gross profit and net earnings. Generally, this is due to the timing of new product introductions and the amount, if any, of additional competition in the market. Our top ten products in terms of sales, in the aggregate, represented approximately 21% and 27% for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 , respectively.

Recent Developments

In the fourth quarter of 2016, the Company announced restructuring programs in certain locations representing initial steps in a series of actions that are anticipated to further streamline our operations globally. The Company continues to develop the details of the cost reduction initiatives, including workforce actions and other potential restructuring activities beyond the programs already announced. Throughout 2017, the Company committed to additional restructuring actions. During the year ended December 31, 2017 , the Company recorded pre-tax charges of $188.0 million . Included within the charges during the year ended December 31, 2017 were $74.4 million for non-cash asset impairment charges. The remaining charges during the year ended December 31, 2017 primarily relate to severance and employee benefits. The continued restructuring actions are expected to be implemented through fiscal year 2018. The Company estimates total aggregate pre-tax charges for committed restructuring activities ranging from between $375.0 million and $450.0 million , inclusive of the 2016 and 2017 restructuring charges. In addition, as a result of the restructuring activities that have been undertaken to date, management believes the potential annual savings will be between approximately $350.0 million and $425.0 million once fully implemented, with the majority of these savings improving operating cash flow. At this time, the expenses related to the additional restructuring activities cannot be reasonably estimated.

On August 17, 2017, the Company announced that its subsidiaries, Mylan Inc. and Mylan Specialty L.P., signed an agreement with the DOJ and two relators finalizing the  $465 million  Medicaid Drug Rebate Program Settlement. The settlement resolves claims relating to the classification of EpiPen® Auto-Injector for purposes of the Medicaid Drug Rebate Program. During the year ended December 31, 2017 , the Company made payments of approximately $472.7 million related to this matter.

In October 2017, the Company announced the U.S. launch of the first Glatiramer Acetate Injection 40 mg/mL for 3-times-a-week injection that is an AP-rated substitutable generic version of Teva's Copaxone® 40 mg/mL, as well as Glatiramer Acetate Injection 20 mg/mL for once-daily injection, an AP-rated, substitutable generic version of Teva's Copaxone® 20 mg/mL. These products are indicated for the treatment of patients with relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. The Company also announced in October 2017 that its partner, Synthon, received marketing authorization approval in Europe for Glatiramer Acetate Injection 40 mg/mL. Mylan is partnered with Synthon, the developer and supplier of its European Glatiramer Acetate Injection products, and has exclusive distribution and supply rights in certain key European markets. We have launched the product in several countries in 2018.

On December 1, 2017, the Company announced that the FDA approved Mylan's Ogivri™ (trastuzumab-dkst), a biosimilar to Herceptin® (trastuzumab), co-developed with Biocon. Ogivri has been approved for all indications included in the label of the reference product, Herceptin, including for the treatment of HER2-overexpressing breast cancer and metastatic stomach cancer. Ogivri is the first FDA-approved biosimilar to Herceptin and the first biosimilar from Mylan and Biocon's joint portfolio approved in the U.S. Mylan anticipates potentially being the first company to offer a biosimilar to Herceptin, as a result of Mylan's ability to secure global licenses for its trastuzumab product from Genentech and Roche earlier this year.

On December 22, 2017, the Tax Act was signed into law making significant changes to the Code. Changes include, but are not limited to, a U.S. federal corporate income tax rate decrease from  35% to 21%  effective for tax years beginning after December 31, 2017, the transition of U.S international taxation from a worldwide tax system to a territorial system, and a one-time transition tax on the mandatory deemed repatriation of cumulative foreign earnings of non-U.S. corporate subsidiaries of large U.S. shareholders as of December 31, 2017.

The Company was authorized to repurchase up to $1 billion of the Company's ordinary shares under its Share Repurchase Program, but was not obligated to acquire any particular amount of ordinary shares. During 2017 , the Company repurchased approximately 12.4 million ordinary shares at a cost of approximately $500.2 million . In January 2018, the Company repurchased an additional 9.8 million ordinary shares at a cost of approximately $432.0 million and on January 9, 2018, the Share Repurchase Program was completed.

On January 29, 2018, the Company announced that the FDA had accepted for review Mylan and Theravance's recently submitted NDA for revefenacin (TD-4208), an investigational long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA). If approved, revefenacin would be the first once-daily, nebulized bronchodilator for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The FDA has assigned a Prescription Drug User Fee Act (PDUFA) target action date of November 13, 2018, and indicated that it does not currently plan to convene an advisory committee meeting to discuss the NDA.

Financial Summary

The table below is a summary of the Company's financial results for the year ended December 31, 2017 compared to the prior year period:

A detailed discussion of the Company's financial results can be found below in the section titled "Results of Operations." As part of this discussion, we also report sales performance using the non-GAAP financial measures of "constant currency" third party net sales and total revenues. This measure provides information on the change in net sales assuming that foreign currency exchange rates had not changed between the prior and current period. The comparisons presented at constant currency rates reflect comparative local currency sales at the prior year's foreign exchange rates. We routinely evaluate our third party net sales performance at constant currency so that sales results can be viewed without the impact of foreign currency exchange rates, thereby facilitating a period-to-period comparison of our operational activities, and believe that this presentation also provides useful information to investors for the same reason. The following table compares third party net sales on an actual and constant currency basis for each reportable segment for the years ended December 31, 2017 , 2016 and 2015 .

More information about other non-GAAP measures used by the Company as part of this discussion, including adjusted third party net sales from Europe, adjusted third party net sales, adjusted total revenues, adjusted cost of sales, adjusted gross margins, adjusted earnings, and adjusted EPS are discussed further in this Item 7 under Results of Operations and Results of Operations - Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures .

Results of Operations

2017 Compared to 2016

Total Revenues

For the year ended December 31, 2017 , Mylan reported total revenues of $11.91 billion , compared to $11.08 billion for the comparable prior year period, representing an increase of $830.8 million , or 8% . Total revenues include both net sales and other revenues from third parties. Third party net sales for the year ended December 31, 2017 were $11.76 billion , compared to $10.97 billion for the comparable prior year period, representing an increase of $792.9 million , or 7% . Other third party revenues for the year ended December 31, 2017 were $147.7 million , compared to $109.8 million for the comparable prior year period, an increase of $37.9 million . The increase in other third party revenues was principally the result of an incremental increase in royalty income from arrangements acquired in the Meda acquisition.

The increase in total revenues included third party net sales growth in the Europe segment of 34% , and in the Rest of World segment of 19% . Third party net sales declined in the North America segment by 12% . Contributing to the overall increase in total revenues were the incremental net sales from the acquisitions of Meda and the Topicals Business of approximately $1.41 billion . This increase was partially offset by a net decrease in net sales from existing products and lower new product introductions of approximately $764.1 million . The decrease from existing products was due primarily to lower pricing and, to a lesser extent, lower volumes in the current period. Mylan's total revenues were favorably impacted by the effect of foreign currency translation, primarily reflecting changes in the U.S. Dollar as compared to the currencies of Mylan's subsidiaries in the European Union, India, and Australia, which was partially offset by the unfavorable impact from changes in the Japanese Yen and the Pound Sterling. The favorable impact of foreign currency translation on current year total revenues was approximately $149.5 million resulting in an increase in constant currency total revenues of approximately $681.3 million , or 6% .

In arriving at net sales, gross sales are reduced by provisions for estimates, including discounts, rebates, promotions, price adjustments, returns and chargebacks. See the Application of Critical Accounting Policies section in this Item 7 for a discussion of our methodology with respect to such provisions. For 2017 , the most significant amounts charged against gross sales were $4.24 billion related to chargebacks and $4.19 billion related to incentives offered to our customers, such as volume related incentives and promotions. For 2016 , the most significant amounts charged against gross sales were for chargebacks in the amount of $4.33 billion and incentives offered to our customers in the amount of $3.93 billion .

Third party net sales are derived from our three geographic reporting segments: North America, Europe and Rest of World. The graph below shows third party net sales by segment for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 and the net change period over period.

North America Segment

Third party net sales from North America decreased by $659.9 million or 12% during the year ended December 31, 2017 when compared to the prior year. Net sales of existing products decreased principally due to lower pricing and, to a lesser extent, lower volume. This was partially offset by the incremental net sales from the acquisitions of Meda and the Topicals Business , totaling approximately $340.0 million . For the year ended December 31, 2017 , as anticipated, the U.S. generics products experienced price erosion in the high-single-digits, which includes the impact of the loss of exclusivity of armodafinil, olmesartan and olmesartan HCTZ during 2017 . Sales of the EpiPen® Auto-Injector declined approximately $655.4 million from the prior year as a result of the impact of the launch of the authorized generic, higher governmental rebates as a result of the Medicaid Drug Rebate Program Settlement, and increased competition. Excluding the negative impact of the lower sales of the EpiPen® Auto-Injector, overall third-party sales in North America were unchanged in 2017 compared with 2016 . The impact of foreign currency translation on current period third party net sales was insignificant within North America.

Europe Segment

Third party net sales from Europe increased by $1.00 billion or 34% during the year ended December 31, 2017 when compared to the prior year. This increase was primarily the result of incremental net sales from the acquisition of Meda of approximately $833.2 million during the year ended December 31, 2017 . Net sales of existing products increased primarily as a result of sales of new products and favorable pricing and volume. The favorable impact of foreign currency translation on current period third party net sales was $89.7 million , or 3% within Europe. Constant currency third party net sales increased by approximately $914.8 million , or 31% when compared to the prior year.

Rest of World Segment

Third party net sales from Rest of World increased by $448.3 million or 19% during the year ended December 31, 2017 when compared to the prior year. This increase was primarily the result of incremental net sales from the acquisition of Meda totaling approximately $229.2 million . In addition, net sales from existing products increased principally as a result of higher volume, particularly from our ARV franchise, and to a lesser extent Australia and the emerging markets. Throughout the segment, higher volumes and sales of new products more than offset lower pricing. The favorable impact of foreign currency translation was $52.2 million , or 2% . Constant currency third party net sales increased by approximately $396.1 million , or 17% .

Cost of Sales and Gross Profit

Cost of sales increased from $6.38 billion for the year ended December 31, 2016 to $7.12 billion for the year ended December 31, 2017 . Cost of sales was primarily impacted by purchase accounting related amortization of acquired intangible assets, acquisition related costs, restructuring, and other special items, which are described further in the section titled Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures . Gross profit for the year ended December 31, 2017 was $4.78 billion and gross margins were 40% . For the year ended December 31, 2016 , gross profit was $4.70 billion and gross margins were 42% . Gross margins were negatively impacted in the current period by incremental amortization expense as a result of the acquisitions of Meda and the Topicals Business by approximately 110 basis points, lower gross profit from the sales of existing products in North America, including the EpiPen® Auto-Injector, by approximately 275 basis points, partially offset by the contributions from the acquired businesses. Adjusted gross margins were approximately 54% for the year ended December 31, 2017 , compared to approximately 56% for the year ended December 31, 2016 . Adjusted gross margins were negatively impacted in the current period as a result of lower gross profit from the sales of existing products in North America, including the EpiPen® Auto-Injector, by approximately 200 basis points, partially offset by the contributions from the acquired businesses.

A reconciliation between cost of sales, as reported under U.S. GAAP, and adjusted cost of sales and adjusted gross margin for the year ended December 31, 2017 compared to the year ended December 31, 2016 is as follows:

Operating Expenses

Research & Development Expense

R&D expense for the year ended December 31, 2017 was $783.3 million , compared to $826.8 million for the prior year, a decrease of $43.5 million . The  decrease  was due to lower spending when compared to the prior year as a result of the Company's reprioritization of global programs. Partially offsetting this decrease was the impact from incremental R&D expense related to the acquisitions of Meda and the Topicals Business of approximately $45.4 million in the current year as well as an increase in restructuring costs included in R&D from $7.7 million in 2016 to $8.4 million in 2017.

Additionally, during the year ended December 31, 2017 , the Company entered into a joint development and marketing agreement for a respiratory product resulting in approximately  $50 million  in R&D expense. The Company also incurred R&D expense in 2017 of $31.9 million related to the collaboration agreement with Momenta. In the prior year, the Company made an upfront payment of $45.0 million and incurred additional R&D expense of $29.2 million , both related to the Company's collaboration agreement with Momenta which was entered into on January 8, 2016.

Selling, General & Administrative Expense

Selling, general and administrative expense ("SG&A") for the year ended December 31, 2017 was $2.58 billion , compared to $2.50 billion for the prior year, an increase of $79.7 million . The increase is due primarily to additional incremental expense related to the acquisitions of Meda and the Topicals Business which increased SG&A by approximately $213.1 million . Restructuring charges recorded in SG&A were $133.6 million and $113.1 million , respectively, for the years ended December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 . Partially offsetting these increase s were acquisition related costs which were $110.8 million lower than the prior year as well as the year over year benefit of integration activities.

Litigation Settlements and Other Contingencies, Net

During the year ended December 31, 2017 , the Company recorded net gain s of $13.1 million for litigation settlements and other contingencies, net, compared to a net charge of $672.5 million in the prior year.

The following table includes the (gains)/losses recognized in litigation settlements and other contingencies, net during the year ended December 31, 2017 :

The following table includes the losses/(gains) recognized in litigation settlements and other contingencies, net during the year ended December 31, 2016 :

Interest Expense

Interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2017 totaled $534.6 million , compared to $454.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 , an increase of $79.8 million . The  increase  in the current year is primarily due to the incremental impact of the issuance of the senior notes in June 2016 and, the Euro senior notes issued in November 2016 and May 2017. This  increase  was partially offset by the impact of the repayment of the 1.800% Senior Notes due 2016 and the 1.350% Senior Notes due 2016 in June and November of 2016, respectively, as well as the repayment of the Meda Term Loan and the partial repayment of the Mylan NV Term Loan.

Other (Income) Expense, Net

Other (income) expense, net, was income of $0.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 , compared to a net expense of $125.1 million for the prior year. Other (income) expense, net was comprised of the following for the year ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 , respectively:

During the current year, as a result of a decline in current and expected future production levels at certain of the clean energy facilities the Company impaired its investment balance and other assets by approximately $47 million  and reduced the related long-term obligations for these investments by approximately $89 million resulting in a net gain of $42 million which was recognized as a component of the net loss of the equity method investments. In the prior year, other (income) expense, net included a foreign exchange net gain of  $0.5 million , which included  $128.6 million  of losses related to the Company's SEK non-designated foreign currency contracts that were entered into to economically hedge the foreign currency exposure associated with the expected payment of the Swedish krona-denominated cash portion of the purchase price of the offer to the shareholders of Meda to acquire all of the outstanding shares of Meda. This loss was offset by foreign exchange gains of approximately $30.5 million related to the mark-to-market impact for the November 2016 settlement of a portion of outstanding Meda shares and the remaining obligation on non-tendered Meda shares. In addition, the loss was offset by foreign exchange gains related to the mark-to-market on Euro denominated notes of approximately $32.0 million and additional net gains as a result of the Company's foreign currency exchange risk management program.

Income Tax Provision (Benefit)

For the year ended December 31, 2017 , the Company recognized an income tax provision of $207.0 million , compared to an income tax benefit of $358.3 million for the comparable prior year. On December 22, 2017, the Tax Act was signed into law making significant changes to the Code. Changes include, but are not limited to, a U.S. federal corporate income tax rate decrease from  35% to 21% effective for tax years beginning after December 31, 2017, and a one-time transition tax on the mandatory deemed repatriation of cumulative foreign earnings of non-U.S. corporate subsidiaries of large U.S.

shareholders as of December 31, 2017. The Company has calculated its best estimate of the impact of the Tax Act in the 2017 income tax provision in accordance with our understanding of the Tax Act and available guidance and has recorded a provisional net tax charge of $128.6 million related to the Tax Act in the year ended December 31, 2017. In addition, the income tax provision for the year ended December 31, 2017  versus the prior year was impacted by the changing mix of income earned in jurisdictions with differing tax rates, statutory releases of certain tax uncertainties, increases in valuation allowances on certain carryforward tax attributes, the non-recurring nature of tax benefits obtained by the 2016 mergers of certain foreign subsidiaries, and the revaluation of deferred tax assets and liabilities in countries that changed their statutory corporate tax rate.

2016 Compared to 2015

Total Revenues

For the year ended December 31, 2016 , Mylan reported total revenues of $11.08 billion compared to $9.43 billion  in the prior year. Total revenues include both net sales and other revenues from third parties. Third party net sales for the current year were  $10.97 billion compared to $9.36 billion  for the prior year, representing an increase of $1.60 billion , or 17% . Other third party revenues for the current year were  $109.8 million compared to $66.7 million  in the prior year,  an increase of $43.1 million . The increase in other third party revenues was principally the result of an increase in royalty income, including due to acquisitions in 2016 .

The  increase  in total revenues was the result of third party net sales growth in all segments. Contributing to this increase were net sales from the acquisitions of Meda and the Topicals Business, net sales from new product introductions, and to a lesser extent, the two additional months of net sales from the EPD Business (the "incremental EPD Business sales") when compared to the prior year, all of which when combined totaled approximately  $1.70 billion . Net sales on existing products  decrease d approximately  $96.0 million  as a result of  a decrease  in pricing of approximately  $195.5 million , offset by  an increase  in volume of approximately  $99.5 million . Mylan's 2016 total revenues were  unfavorably  impacted by the effect of foreign currency translation, primarily reflecting strengthening in the U.S. Dollar as compared to the currencies of Mylan's subsidiaries in Canada, the European Union, India, the United Kingdom and Brazil, partially offset by the strengthening of the Japanese Yen. The unfavorable impact of foreign currency translation on 2016 total revenues was approximately  $16.5 million . As such, constant currency total revenues increased approximately  $1.66 billion , or  18% .

In arriving at net sales, gross sales are reduced by provisions for estimates, including discounts, rebates, promotions, price adjustments, returns and chargebacks. See the  Application of Critical Accounting Policies  section in this Item 7 for a discussion of our methodology with respect to such provisions. For  2016 , the most significant amounts charged against gross sales were  $4.33 billion  related to chargebacks and  $3.93 billion  related to incentives offered to our customers, such as volume related incentives and promotions. For  2015 , the most significant amounts charged against gross sales were for chargebacks in the amount of  $4.21 billion  and incentives offered to our customers in the amount of  $3.77 billion .

From time to time, a limited number of our products may represent a significant portion of our net sales, gross profit and net earnings. Generally, this is due to the timing of new product launches and the amount, if any, of additional competition in the market. Our top ten products in terms of net sales, in the aggregate, represented approximately  27%  and  28%  of the Company's third party net sales in  2016  and  2015 , respectively.

Third party net sales are derived from our three geographic reporting segments: North America, Europe and Rest of World. The graph below shows third party net sales by segment for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015  and the increase period over period.

North America Segment

Third party net sales from North America  increased $529.1 million , or  10%  during the year ended  December 31, 2016  when compared to the prior year. The increase was principally due to net sales from the acquisitions of Meda, the Topicals Business and the incremental EPD Business sales, and to a lesser extent, net sales from new product introductions, together totaling approximately  $634.4 million . These increase s were partially offset by lower volume and pricing on existing products of approximately  $98.7 million . As anticipated, the U.S. generics products experienced price erosion in the mid-single digits. The unfavorable impact of foreign currency translation on 2016 third party net sales was approximately  $6.8 million , or less than 1% within North America. As such, constant currency third party net sales increased by approximately  $536.0 million , or  11% when compared to 2015 .

Sales of the  EpiPen® Auto-Injector  are primarily included in the North America segment, and on a worldwide basis totaled approximately $1 billion for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 . On August 29, 2016, the Company announced its intent to launch the first authorized generic to  EpiPen® Auto-Injector  which was launched on December 16, 2016. The authorized generic has the same drug formulation and device functionality as the branded product. The Company also continues to market and distribute branded  EpiPen® Auto-Injector .

Europe Segment

Third party net sales from Europe  increased $748.2 million , or  34%  during the year ended  December 31, 2016  when compared to the prior year. This  increase  was primarily the result of net sales from the acquisition of Meda and the incremental EPD Business sales, and to a lesser extent, net sales from new product introductions, together totaling approximately  $735.8 million . In addition, higher volumes on existing products were partially offset by lower pricing throughout Europe. Lower pricing is a result of government-imposed pricing reductions and competitive market conditions throughout the segment. The unfavorable impact of foreign currency translation on 2016 third party net sales was approximately  $30.1 million , or  1%  within Europe. As such, constant currency third party net sales increased by approximately  $778.3 million , or  35%  when compared to 2015 .

The acquisition of Meda significantly increased our operations and revenues throughout Europe, but particularly in France, Italy, Germany and Sweden. Third party net sales from Mylan's business in France increased compared to the prior

year as a result of net sales from the acquisition of Meda, the incremental EPD Business sales, higher volumes on existing products and new product introductions, partially offset by lower pricing. Our market share in France increased in  2016  as compared to  2015 , and we remain the generics market leader. In Italy, net sales increased compared to the prior year as a result of net sales from the acquisition of Meda, the incremental EPD Business sales and new product introductions, partially offset by lower pricing and lower volume. Sales in France and Italy continue to be negatively impacted by government-imposed pricing reductions and an increasingly competitive market.

Certain markets in Europe in which we do business have undergone government-imposed price reductions, and further government-imposed price reductions are expected in the future. Such measures, along with the tender systems discussed below, are likely to have a negative impact on sales and gross profit in these markets. However, government initiatives in certain markets that appear to favor generic products could help to mitigate this unfavorable effect by increasing rates of generic substitution and penetration.

A number of markets in which we operate in Europe have implemented, or may implement, tender systems for generic pharmaceuticals in an effort to lower prices. Generally speaking, tender systems can have an unfavorable impact on sales and profitability. Under such tender systems, manufacturers submit bids that establish prices for generic pharmaceutical products. Upon winning the tender, the winning company will be awarded an exclusive or semi-exclusive contract to supply the market for a period of time. The tender system often results in companies underbidding one another by proposing low pricing in order to win the tender. The loss of a tender by a third party to whom we supply API can also have a negative impact on our sales and profitability. Sales continue to be negatively affected by the impact of tender systems.

Rest of World Segment

In Rest of World, third party net sales  increased $327.2 million , or  16%  during the year ended  December 31, 2016  when compared to the prior year. This  increase  was primarily driven by the acquisition of Meda, the incremental EPD Business sales, and to a lesser extent, new product introductions, together totaling approximately  $328.7 million . In addition, higher sales volumes in Japan, India, Australia and emerging markets positively contributed to the sales growth in this segment. These increases were partially offset by lower pricing throughout the segment, including the ARV franchise. However, sales within our ARV franchise increased progressively throughout 2016 . The  favorable  impact of foreign currency translation on third party net sales was approximately  $21.3 million , or  1% . As such, constant currency third party net sales  increased  by approximately  $305.9 million , or  15% .

In Japan, third party net sales increased as a result of the incremental EPD Business sales, higher volumes on existing products and net sales from new product introductions. In Australia, third party net sales increased as a result of net sales from new product introductions, the incremental EPD Business sales, and to a lesser extent, the acquisition of Meda and higher volumes on existing products. As in Europe, both Australia and Japan have undergone government-imposed price reductions which have had, and could continue to have, a negative impact on sales and gross profit in these markets.

As a result of the acquisition of Meda, we have significantly expanded and strengthened our presence in emerging markets including China, Southeast Asia and the Middle East. These markets provide opportunities for future growth and expansion and are complemented by Mylan's historical presence in India, Brazil and certain countries in Africa (including South Africa).

Cost of Sales and Gross Profit

Cost of sales for the year ended December 31, 2016  was  $6.38 billion , compared to  $5.21 billion  in the prior year, corresponding to the increase in sales. Cost of sales was primarily impacted by purchase accounting related amortization of acquired intangible assets, acquisition related costs and restructuring and other special items, which are described further in the section titled  Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures. In addition to the increase in net sales, the increase in cost of sales was also impacted by acquisition related amortization expense of Meda, the Topicals Business and Jai Pharma Limited as well as an additional two months of amortization expense related to the EPD Business as compared to 2015 .

Gross profit for 2016 was  $4.70 billion  and gross margins were  42% . For  2015 , gross profit was  $4.22 billion  and gross margins were  45% . Gross margins were negative ly impacted in 2016 by approximately  315  basis points due to increased amortization of intangible assets, inventory step-up and intangible asset impairment charges, including in-process research and development, (collectively, "purchase accounting amortization and other related items.") This negative impact was partially offset by approximately  110 basis points as a result of the positive impact of net sales from new products. Adjusted gross margins were approximately  56%  in both  2016  and  2015 . Adjusted gross margins increased approximately  50  basis points and were positively impacted in 2016 as a result of net sales from new products and the net impact of acquisitions.

A reconciliation between cost of sales, as reported under U.S. GAAP, and adjusted cost of sales and adjusted gross margin for the periods shown follows:

Operating Expenses

Research & Development Expense

R&D expense in  2016  was  $826.8 million , compared to  $671.9 million  in the prior year,  an increase  of  $154.9 million . R&D expense increased primarily due the Company's collaboration agreement with Momenta. As part of the collaboration agreement, the Company made a  $45 million  upfront payment and incurred approximately  $29.2 million of additional R&D expense during 2016 . The inclusion of Meda increased R&D expense by approximately  $26 million . The remainder of the R&D expense increase was due to the continued development of our respiratory, insulin and biologics programs.

Selling, General & Administrative Expense

SG&A for 2016 was  $2.50 billion , compared to  $2.18 billion  for the prior year,  an increase  of  $315.4 million . The primary factors contributing to this increase were the additional expense related to the acquisition of Meda and the additional two months of expense from the EPD Business which together increased SG&A by approximately  $295.1 million  in 2016 . In addition, we incurred approximately  $113.1 million  of restructuring charges which were offset by lower acquisition related costs, including consulting and legal costs, which totaled  $106.1 million  in  2016 , as compared to  $209.4 million  in the prior year.

Litigation Settlements and Other Contingencies, Net

During  2016 , the Company recorded a net  charge  of  $672.5 million  for litigation settlements and other contingencies, net, compared to a net  gain  of  $97.4 million  in the prior year. The following table includes the losses/(gains) recognized in litigation settlements and other contingencies, net during the year ended December 31, 2016 :

The  gain  in the prior year was primarily related to the settlement of the Paroxetine CR matter with GlaxoSmithKline for approximately  $113.0 million  and the settlement of certain antitrust matters. This gain was partially offset by the settlement of patent infringement matters.

Interest Expense

Interest expense for  2016  totaled  $454.8 million , compared to  $339.4 million  for  2015 . The increase in the current year is primarily due to approximately  $132.5 million  of interest related to the issuance of the June 2016 Senior Notes and approximately  $34.0 million  of interest related to borrowings acquired from Meda. Partially offsetting these increases was lower amortization of discounts as a result of the repayment of the Company's Cash Convertible Notes in September 2015 and the maturity and repayment of certain debt instruments in 2016 .

Other Expense, Net

Other expense, net was  $125.1 million  in  2016 , compared to  $206.1 million  in the prior year. Other expense, net includes losses from equity affiliates, foreign exchange gains and losses and interest and dividend income. Other expense, net was comprised of the following for the years ended December 31, 2016  and  2015 , respectively:

In 2016 , foreign exchange gains, net of approximately  $0.5 million  included approximately  $128.6 million  of losses related to the Company's SEK non-designated foreign currency contracts that were entered into to economically hedge the foreign currency exposure associated with the expected payment of the Swedish krona-denominated cash portion of the purchase price of the Offer. This loss was offset by foreign exchange gains of approximately  $30.5 million  related to the mark-to-market impact for the settlement of the offer to the remaining Meda shareholders to tender all their Meda shares for cash consideration of 161.31kr per Meda share and the remaining obligation on non-tendered Meda shares, foreign exchange gains related to the mark-to-market on the Euro Notes of approximately  $32.0 million  and additional net gains as a result of the Company's foreign currency exchange risk management program.

Income Tax (Benefit) Provision

For the  year ended December 31, 2016 , the Company recognized an income tax benefit of  $358.3 million , compared to an income tax provision of  $67.7 million  in  2015 . During the year ended December 31, 2016 , the Company legally merged its wholly owned subsidiary, Jai Pharma Limited, into Mylan Laboratories Limited, resulting in the recognition of a deferred tax asset of  $150 million  for the tax deductible goodwill in excess of the book goodwill with a corresponding benefit to income tax provision for the year ended December 31, 2016 . In addition, the effective tax rate for  2016  was also impacted by lower income in the U.S., primarily as a result of litigation charges.

Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

Whenever the Company uses non-GAAP financial measures, we provide a reconciliation of the non-GAAP financial measures to their most directly comparable U.S. GAAP financial measure. Investors and other readers are encouraged to review the related U.S. GAAP financial measures and the reconciliation of non-GAAP measures to their most directly comparable U.S. GAAP measure and should consider non-GAAP measures only as a supplement to, not as a substitute for or as a superior measure to, measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Additionally, since these are not measures determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP, non-GAAP financial measures have no standardized meaning across companies, or as prescribed by U.S. GAAP and, therefore, may not be comparable to the calculation of similar measures or measures with the same title used by other companies.

Management uses these measures internally for forecasting, budgeting, measuring its operating performance, and incentive-based awards. In addition, primarily due to acquisitions, we believe that an evaluation of our ongoing operations (and comparisons of our current operations with historical and future operations) would be difficult if the disclosure of our financial results was limited to financial measures prepared only in accordance with U.S. GAAP. We believe that non-GAAP financial measures are useful supplemental information for our investors and when considered together with our U.S. GAAP financial measures and the reconciliation to the most directly comparable U.S. GAAP financial measure, provide a more complete understanding of the factors and trends affecting our operations. The financial performance of the Company is measured by senior management, in part, using adjusted metrics as described below, along with other performance metrics. Management's annual incentive compensation is derived, in part, based on the adjusted EPS (as defined below) metric.

Adjusted Third Party Net Sales from Europe, Adjusted Third Party Net Sales and Adjusted Total Revenues

The Company is providing the following supplementary non-GAAP financial measures: adjusted third party net sales from Europe, adjusted third party net sales and adjusted total revenues, each of which excludes an acquisition related customer incentive in Europe from the most directly comparable U.S. GAAP financial measure. Management believes that these non-GAAP financial measures are useful to investors to evaluate the ongoing performance of the business as well as to provide a more complete understanding of the financial results and trends impacting the Company. Management also uses these non-GAAP measures to evaluate the ongoing performance of the business.

Adjusted Cost of Sales and Adjusted Gross Margin

We use the non-GAAP financial measure "adjusted cost of sales" and the corresponding non-GAAP financial measure "adjusted gross margin." The principal items excluded from adjusted cost of sales include restructuring, acquisition related and other special items and purchase accounting amortization and other related items, which are described in greater detail below.

Adjusted Earnings and Adjusted EPS

Adjusted net earnings ("adjusted earnings") is a non-GAAP financial measure and provides an alternative view of performance used by management. Management believes that, primarily due to acquisition activity, an evaluation of the Company's ongoing operations (and comparisons of its current operations with historical and future operations) would be difficult if the disclosure of its financial results were limited to financial measures prepared only in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Management believes that adjusted earnings and adjusted earnings per diluted share ("adjusted EPS") are two of the most important internal financial metrics related to the ongoing operating performance of the Company, and are therefore useful to investors and that their understanding of our performance is enhanced by these adjusted measures. Actual internal and forecasted operating results and annual budgets used by management include adjusted earnings and adjusted EPS.

The significant items excluded from adjusted cost of sales, adjusted earnings and adjusted EPS include:

Purchase Accounting Amortization and Other Related Items

The ongoing impact of certain amounts recorded in connection with acquisitions of both businesses and assets is excluded from adjusted cost of sales, adjusted earnings and adjusted EPS. These amounts include the amortization of intangible assets, inventory step-up and intangible asset impairment charges, including in-process research and development. For the acquisition of businesses accounted for under the provisions of the Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 805, these purchase accounting impacts are excluded regardless of the financing method used for the acquisitions, including the use of cash, long-term debt, the issuance of ordinary shares, contingent consideration or any combination thereof.

Upfront and Milestone-Related R&D Expenses

These expenses and payments are excluded from adjusted earnings and adjusted EPS because they generally occur at irregular intervals and are not indicative of the Company's ongoing operations. Also included in this adjustment are certain expenses related to the Company's collaboration agreement with Momenta including certain milestone related costs. Such costs include payments related to Mylan's future decisions, on a product by product basis, to continue with the development of such product in the collaboration after certain R&D work is performed. Related amounts are excluded from adjusted earnings as Mylan considers such payments as additional upfront buy-in payments for the products.

Accretion of Contingent Consideration Liability and Other Fair Value Adjustments

The impact of changes to the fair value of contingent consideration and accretion expense are excluded from adjusted earnings and adjusted EPS because they are not indicative of the Company's ongoing operations due to the variability of the amounts and the lack of predictability as to the occurrence and/or timing and management believes their exclusion is helpful to understanding the underlying, ongoing operational performance of the business.

Restructuring, Acquisition Related and Other Special Items

Costs related to restructuring, acquisition and integration activities and other actions are excluded from adjusted cost of sales, adjusted earnings and adjusted EPS, as applicable. These amounts include items such as:

The Company has undertaken restructurings and other optimization initiatives of differing types, scope and amount during the covered periods and, therefore, these charges should not be considered non-recurring; however, management excludes these amounts from adjusted earnings and adjusted EPS because it believes it is helpful to understanding the underlying, ongoing operational performance of the business.

Litigation Settlements, Net

Charges and gains related to legal matters, such as those discussed in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 18 Litigation are generally excluded from adjusted earnings and adjusted EPS. Normal, ongoing defense costs of the Company made in the normal course of our business are not excluded.

Reconciliation of Adjusted Earnings and Adjusted EPS

A reconciliation between net earnings and diluted earnings per share, as reported under U.S. GAAP, and adjusted earnings and adjusted EPS for the periods shown follows:

Significant items for the year ended December 31, 2017 include the following:

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our primary source of liquidity is cash provided by operations, which was $2.06 billion for the year ended December 31, 2017 . We believe that cash provided by operating activities and available liquidity will continue to allow us to meet our needs for working capital, capital expenditures and interest and principal payments on debt obligations. Nevertheless, our ability to satisfy our working capital requirements and debt service obligations, or fund planned capital expenditures, will substantially depend upon our future operating performance (which will be affected by prevailing economic conditions), and financial, business and other factors, some of which are beyond our control.

Operating Activities

Net cash provided by operating activities increased by $17.6 million to $2.06 billion for the year ended December 31, 2017 , as compared to net cash provided by operating activities of $2.05 billion for the year ended December 31, 2016 . Cash provided by operating activities is derived from net earnings adjusted for non-cash operating items, gains and losses attributed to investing and financing activities and changes in operating assets and liabilities resulting from timing differences between the receipts and payments of cash, including changes in cash primarily reflecting the timing of cash collections from customers, payments to vendors and employees and tax payments in the ordinary course of business.

The net increase in cash provided by operating activities was principally due to the following:

These items were partially offset by the following:

settlement and the Strides Settlement recorded in the prior year period and the impact of payments in 2017;

Investing Activities

Cash used in investing activities was $905 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 , as compared to cash used in investing activities of $7.62 billion for the year ended December 31, 2016 , a decrease of $6.72 billion .

In 2017 , significant items in investing activities included the following:

In 2016 , significant items in investing activities included the following:

Financing Activities

Cash used in financing activities was $1.89 billion for the year ended December 31, 2017 , as compared to cash provided by financing activities of $5.34 billion for the year ended December 31, 2016 , a net change of $7.24 billion .

In 2017 , significant items in financing activities included the following: