______________________________________ 

(Mark One)

For the Quarterly Period Ended September 30, 2016

OR

Commission file number 1-12387

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (847) 482-5000

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes   ☑       No   ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).  Yes   ☑       No   ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer" and "smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes   ¨       No   ☑

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock as of the latest practicable date.

Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share: 55,040,608 shares outstanding as of October 28, 2016 .

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT FOR PURPOSES OF THE "SAFE HARBOR" PROVISIONS OF THE PRIVATE SECURITIES LITIGATION REFORM ACT OF 1995

This Quarterly Report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 concerning, among other things, our prospects and business strategies. These forward-looking statements are included in various sections of this report, including the section entitled "Outlook" appearing in Item 2 of this report. The words "may," "will," "believe," "should," "could," "plan," "expect," "anticipate," "estimate," and similar expressions (and variations thereof), identify these forward-looking statements. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in these forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions, these expectations may not prove to be correct. Because these forward-looking statements are also subject to risks and uncertainties, actual results may differ materially from the expectations expressed in the forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements include:

The risks included here are not exhaustive. Refer to "Part I, Item 1A - Risk Factors" in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 and "Part II, Item 1A - Risk Factors" of this Form 10-Q for further discussion regarding our exposure to risks. Additionally, new risk factors emerge from time to time and it is not possible for us to predict all such risk factors, nor to assess the impact such risk factors might have on our business or the extent to which any factor or combination of factors may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. Given these risks and uncertainties, investors should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements as a prediction of actual results.

PART I.

FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Tenneco Inc.:

We have reviewed the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet of Tenneco Inc. and its subsidiaries as of September 30, 2016 , and the related condensed consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, and cash flows for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 and changes in shareholders' equity for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 . These interim financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management.

We conducted our review in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). A review of interim financial information consists principally of applying analytical procedures and making inquiries of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters. It is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the objective of which is the expression of an opinion regarding the financial statements taken as a whole. Accordingly, we do not express such an opinion.

Based on our review, we are not aware of any material modifications that should be made to the accompanying condensed consolidated interim financial statements for them to be in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

We previously audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2015 , and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, cash flows and changes in shareholders' equity for the year then ended (not presented herein), and in our report dated February 24, 2016 (which included an explanatory paragraph with respect to the Company's change in the manner of accounting in which it classifies deferred taxes in 2015), we expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements. In our opinion, the information set forth in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2015 , is fairly stated in all material respects in relation to the condensed consolidated balance sheet from which it has been derived.

The "Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm" included above is not a "report" or "part of a Registration Statement" prepared or certified by an independent accountant within the meaning of Sections 7 and 11 of the Securities Act of 1933, and the accountants' Section 11 liability does not extend to such report.

TENNECO INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(Unaudited)

The accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements are an integral

part of these condensed consolidated statements of income.

TENNECO INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(Unaudited)

The accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements are an integral

part of these condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

TENNECO INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(Unaudited)

The accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements are an integral

part of these condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

TENNECO INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(Unaudited)

The accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements are an integral

part of these condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

TENNECO INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(Unaudited)

The accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements are an integral

part of these condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

TENNECO INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Unaudited)

The accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements are an integral

part of these condensed consolidated balance sheets.

TENNECO INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

Note: Cash and cash equivalents include highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase.

The accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements are an integral

part of these condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.

TENNECO INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

(Unaudited)

The accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements are an integral

part of these condensed consolidated statements of changes in shareholders' equity.

TENNECO INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

As you read the accompanying financial statements you should also read our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 .

In our opinion, the accompanying unaudited financial statements contain all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly Tenneco Inc.'s results of operations, comprehensive income, financial position, cash flows, and changes in shareholders' equity for the periods indicated. We have prepared the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission for interim financial information. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP) for annual financial statements.

Our condensed consolidated financial statements include all majority-owned subsidiaries. We carry investments in 20 percent to 50 percent owned companies in which the Company does not have a controlling interest, as equity method investments, at cost plus equity in undistributed earnings since the date of acquisition and cumulative translation adjustments. We have eliminated all intercompany transactions.

Prepayments and Other

Prepayments and other included $134 million and $107 million at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , respectively, for in-process tools and dies that we are building for our original equipment customers.

Accounts Payable

Accounts payable included $108 million and $93 million at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , respectively, for accrued compensation and $20 million and $17 million at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , respectively, for bank overdrafts at our European subsidiaries.

The net carrying and estimated fair values of our financial instruments by class at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 were as follows:

Asset and Liability Instruments - The fair value of cash and cash equivalents, short and long-term receivables, accounts payable, and short-term debt was considered to be the same as or was not determined to be materially different from the carrying amount.

Long-term Debt - The fair value of our public fixed rate senior notes is based on quoted market prices (level 1). The fair value of our private borrowings under our senior credit facility and other long-term debt instruments is based on the market value of debt with similar maturities, interest rates and risk characteristics (level 2). The fair value of our level 1 debt, as classified in the fair value hierarchy, was $744 million and $748 million at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , respectively. We have classified $584 million and $390 million as level 2 in the fair value hierarchy at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , respectively, since we utilize valuation inputs that are observable both directly and indirectly. We classified the remaining $16 million and $22 million , consisting of foreign subsidiary debt, as level 3 in the fair value hierarchy at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , respectively.

The fair value hierarchy definition prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value into the following levels:

Foreign Exchange Forward Contracts - When foreign currency exchange rate risk cannot be managed by operational strategies, we use derivative financial instruments, principally foreign currency forward purchase and sales contracts with terms of less than one year , to hedge our exposure to changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Our primary exposure to changes in foreign currency rates results from intercompany loans and accounts receivable and payable in nonfunctional currencies made between affiliates to minimize the need for borrowings from third parties. Additionally, we enter into foreign currency forward purchase and sale contracts to mitigate our exposure to changes in exchange rates on certain intercompany and third-party trade receivables and payables. We manage counter-party credit risk by entering into derivative financial instruments with major financial institutions that can be expected to fully perform under the terms of such agreements. We do not enter into derivative financial instruments for speculative purposes. The fair value of our foreign currency forward contracts is based on an internally developed model which incorporates observable inputs including quoted spot rates, forward exchange rates and discounted future expected cash flows utilizing market interest rates with similar quality and maturity characteristics. We record the change in fair value of these foreign exchange forward contracts as part of currency gains (losses) within cost of sales in the condensed consolidated statements of income. The fair value of foreign exchange forward contracts are recorded in prepayments and other current assets or other current liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheet. The fair value of our foreign exchange forward contracts was a net asset position of $1 million at both September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 .

The following table summarizes by major currency the notional amounts for foreign currency forward purchase and sale contracts as of September 30, 2016 (all of which mature in 2016):

Guarantees -We have from time to time issued guarantees for the performance of obligations by some of our subsidiaries, and some of our subsidiaries have guaranteed our debt. All of our existing and future material domestic wholly-owned subsidiaries fully and unconditionally guarantee our senior credit facility and our senior notes on a joint and several basis. The arrangement for the senior credit facility is also secured by first-priority liens on substantially all our domestic assets and pledges of up to 66 percent of the stock of certain first-tier foreign subsidiaries. No assets or capital stock secure our senior notes. For additional information, refer to Note 13 of the consolidated financial statements of Tenneco Inc., where we present the Supplemental Guarantor Condensed Consolidating Financial Statements.

We have two performance guarantee agreements in the U.K. between Tenneco Management (Europe) Limited ("TMEL") and the two Walker Group Retirement Plans, the Walker Group Employee Benefit Plan and the Walker Group Executive Retirement Benefit Plan (the "Walker Plans"), whereby TMEL will guarantee the payment of all current and future pension contributions in the event of a payment default by the sponsoring or participating employers of the Walker Plans. The Walker Plans are comprised of employees from Tenneco Walker (U.K.) Limited and our Futaba-Tenneco U.K. joint venture. Employer

contributions are funded by both Tenneco Walker (U.K.) Limited, as the sponsoring employer and Futaba-Tenneco U.K., as a participating employer. The performance guarantee agreements are expected to remain in effect until all pension obligations for the Walker Plans' sponsoring and participating employers have been satisfied. The maximum amount payable for these pension performance guarantees that is not attributable to Tenneco is approximately $10 million as of September 30, 2016 which is determined by taking 105 percent of the liability of the Walker Plans calculated under section 179 of the U.K. Pension Act of 2004 offset by plan assets multiplied by the ownership percent attributable to Futaba-Tenneco U.K. We did not record an additional liability for this performance guarantee since Tenneco Walker (U.K.) Limited, as the sponsoring employer of the Walker Plans, already recognizes 100 percent of the pension obligation calculated based on U.S. GAAP, for all of the Walker Plans' participating employers on its balance sheet, which was $7 million and $11 million at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , respectively. At September 30, 2016 , all pension contributions under the Walker Plans were current for all of the Walker Plans' sponsoring and participating employers.

In June 2011, we entered into an indemnity agreement between TMEL and Futaba Industrial Co. Ltd. which requires Futaba to indemnify TMEL for any cost, loss or liability which TMEL may incur under the performance guarantee agreements relating to the Futaba-Tenneco U.K. joint venture. The maximum amount reimbursable by Futaba to TMEL under this indemnity agreement is equal to the amount incurred by TMEL under the performance guarantee agreements multiplied by Futaba's shareholder ownership percentage of the Futaba-Tenneco U.K. joint venture. At September 30, 2016 , the maximum amount reimbursable by Futaba to TMEL is approximately $10 million .

We have issued guarantees through letters of credit in connection with some obligations of our affiliates. As of September 30, 2016 , we have guaranteed $32 million in letters of credit to support some of our subsidiaries' insurance arrangements, foreign employee benefit programs, environmental remediation activities and cash management and capital requirements.

Financial Instruments - One of our European subsidiaries receives payment from one of its customers whereby the accounts receivable are satisfied through the delivery of negotiable financial instruments. We may collect these financial instruments before their maturity date by either selling them at a discount or using them to satisfy accounts receivable that have previously been sold to a European bank. Any of these financial instruments which are not sold are classified as other current assets. Such financial instruments held by our European subsidiary totaled zero and less than $1 million at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , respectively.

In certain instances, several of our Chinese subsidiaries receive payments from customers through the receipt of financial instruments on the date the customer payments are due. Several of our Chinese subsidiaries also satisfy vendor payments through the delivery of financial instruments on the date the payments are due. Financial instruments issued to satisfy vendor payables and not redeemed totaled $22 million and $15 million at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , respectively, and were classified as notes payable. Financial instruments received from OE customers and not redeemed totaled $14 million and $8 million at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , respectively. We classify financial instruments received from our customers as other current assets if issued by a financial institution of our customers or as customer notes and accounts, net if issued by our customer. We classified $14 million and $8 million in other current assets at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , respectively.

The financial instruments received by one of our European subsidiaries and some of our Chinese subsidiaries are drafts drawn that are payable at a future date and, in some cases, are negotiable and/or are guaranteed by the banks of the customers. The use of these instruments for payment follows local commercial practice. Because certain of such financial instruments are guaranteed by our customers' banks, we believe they represent a lower financial risk than the outstanding accounts receivable that they satisfy which are not guaranteed by a bank.

Supply Chain Financing - Certain of our suppliers in the U.S. participate in a supply chain financing program under which they securitize their accounts receivables from Tenneco. The financial institution that participates in the supply chain financing program does so on an uncommitted basis and can cease purchasing receivables from Tenneco's suppliers at any time. If the financial institution did not continue to purchase receivables from Tenneco's suppliers under this program, the participating vendors may have a need to renegotiate their payment terms with Tenneco which in turn would cause our borrowings under our revolving credit facility to increase.

Restricted Cash - Some of our Chinese subsidiaries that issue their own financial instruments to pay vendors are required to maintain a cash balance if they exceed credit limits with the financial institution that guarantees the financial instruments. A restricted cash balance was required at those Chinese subsidiaries for $2 million and $1 million at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , respectively.

Our financing arrangements are primarily provided by a committed senior secured financing arrangement with a syndicate of banks and other financial institutions. The arrangement is secured by substantially all our domestic assets and pledges of up to 66 percent of the stock of certain first-tier foreign subsidiaries, as well as guarantees by our material domestic subsidiaries.

As of September 30, 2016 , the senior credit facility provides us with a total revolving credit facility size of $1,200 million and had a $274 million balance outstanding under the Tranche A Term Facility, both of which will mature on December 8, 2019 . Net carrying amount for the balance outstanding under the Tranche A Term Facility including a $2 million debt issuance cost was $272 million as of September 30, 2016 . Funds may be borrowed, repaid and re-borrowed under the revolving credit facility without premium or penalty (subject to any customary LIBOR breakage fees). The revolving credit facility is reflected as debt on our balance sheet only if we borrow money under this facility or if we use the facility to make payments for letters of credit. Outstanding letters of credit reduce our availability to borrow revolving loans under the facility. We are required to make quarterly principal payments under the Tranche A Term Facility of $3.75 million through December 31, 2016 , $5.625 million beginning March 31, 2017 through December 31, 2017, $7.5 million beginning March 31, 2018 through September 30, 2019 and a final payment of $195 million is due on December 8, 2019. We have excluded the required payments, within the next twelve months, under the Tranche A Term Facility totaling $21 million from current liabilities as of September 30, 2016 , because we have the intent and ability to refinance the obligations on a long-term basis by using our revolving credit facility.

The financial ratios required under the amended and restated senior credit facility, and the actual ratios we achieved for the three quarters of 2016, are as follows:

The senior credit facility includes a maximum leverage ratio covenant of 3.50 and a minimum interest coverage ratio of 2.75 , in each case through December 8, 2019.

At September 30, 2016 , of the $1,200 million available under the revolving credit facility, we had unused borrowing capacity of $891 million with $309 million in outstanding borrowings and no outstanding letters of credit. As of September 30, 2016 , our outstanding debt also included (i) $274 million of a term loan which consisted of a $272 million net carrying amount including a $2 million debt issuance cost related to our Tranche A Term Facility which is subject to quarterly principal payments as described above through December 8, 2019 , (ii) $225 million of notes which consisted of a $221 million net carrying amount including a $4 million debt issuance cost related to our 5 3 / 8 percent senior notes due December 15, 2024 , (iii) $500 million of notes which consisted of a $492 million net carrying amount including a $8 million debt issuance cost related to our 5 percent senior notes due July 15, 2026 (which were issued on June 13, 2016), and (iv) $140 million of other debt.

On June 6, 2016, we announced a cash tender offer to purchase our outstanding $500 million 6 7 /8 percent senior notes due in 2020. We received tenders representing $325 million aggregate principal amount of the notes and, on June 13, 2016, we purchased the tendered notes at a price of 103.81 percent of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest. On July 13, 2016, we redeemed the remaining outstanding $175 million aggregate principal amount of the notes that were not purchased pursuant to the tender offer at a price of 103.438 percent of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest. We used the proceeds of the issuance of our 5 percent senior notes due 2026 to fund the purchase and redemption. The senior credit facility was used to fund the fees and expenses of the tender offer and redemption.

We recorded $16 million and $8 million of pre-tax interest charges in June and July of 2016, respectively, related to the repurchase and redemption of our 6 7 /8 percent senior notes due in 2020 and the write-off of deferred debt issuance costs relating to those notes.

For interim tax reporting we estimate our annual effective tax rate and apply it to our year to date ordinary income. Jurisdictions where no tax benefit can be recognized due to a valuation allowance are excluded from the estimated annual effective tax rate. The impact of including these jurisdictions on the quarterly effective rate calculation could result in a higher or lower effective tax rate during a particular quarter due to the mix and timing of actual earnings versus annual projections. The tax effects of certain unusual or infrequently occurring items, including changes in judgment about valuation allowances

and effects of changes in tax laws or rates, are excluded from the estimated annual effective tax rate calculation and recognized in the interim period in which they occur.

We reported income tax benefit of $69 million and tax expense of $34 million in the three month periods ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The tax benefit recorded in the third quarter of 2016 included a net tax benefit of $105 million primarily relating to recognizing a U.S. tax benefit for foreign taxes. During the third quarter, we completed our detailed analysis of our ability to recognize and utilize foreign tax credits within the carryforward period. As a result, we amended our U.S. federal tax returns for the years 2006 to 2012 to claim foreign tax credits in lieu of deducting foreign taxes paid. The U.S. foreign tax credit law provides for a credit against U.S. taxes otherwise payable for foreign taxes paid with regard to dividends, interest and royalties paid to us in the U.S. The tax expense recorded in the third quarter of 2015 included a net tax benefit of $12 million primarily relating to tax adjustments to prior year U.S. research and development tax credits.

We reported income tax expense of $5 million and $122 million in the nine month periods ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The tax expense recorded in the first nine months of 2016 included a net tax benefit of $106 million primarily relating to recognizing a U.S. tax benefit for foreign taxes as described above. The tax expense recorded in the first nine months of 2015 included a net tax benefit of $9 million primarily relating to prior year U.S. research and development tax credits, prior year intercompany transactions and tax adjustments to prior year income tax estimates.

We believe it is reasonably possible that up to $22 million in unrecognized tax benefits related to the expiration of foreign statute of limitations and the conclusion of income tax examinations may be recognized within the next twelve months.

We securitize some of our accounts receivable on a limited recourse basis in the U.S. and Europe. As servicer under these accounts receivable securitization programs, we are responsible for performing all accounts receivable administration functions for these securitized financial assets including collections and processing of customer invoice adjustments. In the U.S., we have an accounts receivable securitization program with three commercial banks comprised of a first priority facility and a second priority facility. We securitize original equipment and aftermarket receivables on a daily basis under the bank program. In March 2015, the U.S. program was amended and extended to April 30, 2017. The first priority facility provides financing of up to $130 million and the second priority facility, which is subordinated to the first priority facility, provides up to an additional $50 million of financing. Both facilities monetize accounts receivable generated in the U.S. that meet certain eligibility requirements, and the second priority facility also monetizes certain accounts receivable generated in the U.S. that would otherwise be ineligible under the first priority securitization facility. The amount of outstanding third-party investments in our securitized accounts receivable under the U.S. program was $50 million and $30 million at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , respectively.

Each facility contains customary covenants for financings of this type, including restrictions related to liens, payments, mergers or consolidations and amendments to the agreements underlying the receivables pool. Further, each facility may be terminated upon the occurrence of customary events (with customary grace periods, if applicable), including breaches of covenants, failure to maintain certain financial ratios, inaccuracies of representations and warranties, bankruptcy and insolvency events, certain changes in the rate of default or delinquency of the receivables, a change of control and the entry or other enforcement of material judgments. In addition, each facility contains cross-default provisions, where the facility could be terminated in the event of non-payment of other material indebtedness when due and any other event which permits the acceleration of the maturity of material indebtedness.

We also securitize receivables in our European operations with regional banks in Europe. The arrangements to securitize receivables in Europe are provided under six separate facilities provided by various financial institutions in each of the foreign jurisdictions. The commitments for these arrangements are generally for one year , but some may be canceled with notice 90 days prior to renewal. In some instances, the arrangement provides for cancellation by the applicable financial institution at any time upon notification. The amount of outstanding third-party investments in our securitized accounts receivable in Europe was $206 million and $174 million at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , respectively.

If we were not able to securitize receivables under either the U.S. or European securitization programs, our borrowings under our revolving credit agreement might increase. These accounts receivable securitization programs provide us with access to cash at costs that are generally favorable to alternative sources of financing, and allow us to reduce borrowings under our revolving credit agreement.

In our U.S. accounts receivable securitization programs, we transfer a partial interest in a pool of receivables and the interest that we retain is subordinate to the transferred interest. Accordingly, we account for our U.S. securitization program as a secured borrowing. In our European programs, we transfer accounts receivables in their entirety to the acquiring entities and satisfy all of the conditions established under ASC Topic 860, "Transfers and Servicing," to report the transfer of financial

assets in their entirety as a sale. The fair value of assets received as proceeds in exchange for the transfer of accounts receivable under our European securitization programs approximates the fair value of such receivables. We recognized $1 million interest expense in each of the three month periods ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 , and $2 million in each of the nine month periods ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 , relating to our U.S. securitization program. In addition, we recognized a loss of $1 million in each of the three month periods ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 , and $4 million and $3 million in the nine month periods ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 , respectively, on the sale of trade accounts receivable in our European accounts receivable securitization programs, representing the discount from book values at which these receivables were sold to our banks. The discount rate varies based on funding costs incurred by our banks, which averaged approximately two percent during the first nine months of both 2016 and 2015.

Over the past several years, we have adopted plans to restructure portions of our operations. These plans were approved by our Board of Directors and were designed to reduce operational and administrative overhead costs throughout the business. For the full year 2015, we incurred $63 million in restructuring and related costs including asset write-downs of $10 million , primarily related to European cost reduction efforts, exiting the Marzocchi suspension business, headcount reductions in Australia and South America, and the closure of a JIT plant in Australia, of which $46 million was recorded in cost of sales, $11 million in SG&A, $1 million in engineering expense, $1 million in other expense and $4 million in depreciation and amortization expense. In the third quarter of 2016, we incurred $7 million in restructuring and related costs, primarily related to manufacturing footprint improvements in North America Ride Performance as well as headcount reduction and cost improvement initiatives in Europe and China Clean Air, of which $3 million was recorded in cost of sales and $4 million in SG&A. In the third quarter of 2015, we incurred $35 million in restructuring and related costs including asset write-downs of $9 million , primarily related to European cost reduction efforts, exiting the Marzocchi suspension business, and headcount reductions in Australia and South America, of which $27 million was recorded in cost of sales, $3 million in SG&A, $1 million in engineering expense and $4 million in depreciation and amortization expense. In the first nine months of 2016, we incurred $26 million in restructuring and related costs including asset write-downs of $5 million , primarily related to manufacturing footprint improvements in North America Ride Performance as well as headcount reduction and cost improvement initiatives in Europe and China Clean Air and South America, of which $9 million was recorded in cost of sales, $12 million in SG&A, $2 million in other expense and $3 million in depreciation and amortization expense. In the first nine months of 2015, we incurred $47 million in restructuring and related costs including asset write-downs of $9 million , primarily related to European cost reduction efforts, exiting the Marzocchi suspension business, headcount reductions in Australia and South America and the closure of a JIT plant in Australia, of which $37 million was recorded in cost of sales, $5 million in SG&A, $1 million in engineering expense and $4 million in depreciation and amortization expense.

Amounts related to activities that are part of our restructuring reserves are as follows:

On January 31, 2013, we announced our intent to reduce structural costs in Europe by approximately $60 million annually. During the first quarter of 2016, we reached an annualized run rate on this cost reduction initiative of $49 million . With the disposition of the Gijon plant, which was completed at the end of the first quarter, the annualized rate essentially reached our target of $55 million , at the current exchange rates. In the third quarter of 2016, we incurred $7 million in restructuring and related costs, of which $1 million was related to this initiative. In the first nine months of 2016, we incurred $26 million in restructuring and related costs, of which $16 million was related to this initiative. While we are nearing the completion of this initiative, we expect to incur additional restructuring and related costs in 2016 due to certain ongoing matters. For example, we closed the Gijon plant in 2013, but subsequently re-opened it in July 2014 with about half of its prior workforce after the employees' works council successfully filed suit challenging the closure decision. Pursuant to an agreement we entered into with employee representatives, we engaged in a sales process for the facility. In March of 2016, we signed an agreement to transfer ownership of the manufacturing facility in Gijon, Spain to German private equity fund Quantum Capital Partners A.G. (QCP). The transfer to QCP was effective March 31, 2016 and under a three year manufacturing agreement, QCP will also continue as a supplier to Tenneco.

On July 22, 2015, we announced our intention to discontinue our Marzocchi motorcycle fork suspension product line and our mountain bike suspension product line, and liquidate our Marzocchi operations. These actions were subject to a

consultation process with the employee representatives and in total eliminated approximately 138 jobs. We employed 127 people at the Marzocchi plant in Bologna, Italy and an additional 11 people in our operations in North America and Taiwan. In November 2015, we closed on the sale of certain assets related to our Marzocchi mountain bike suspension product line to the affiliates of Fox Factory Holding Corp.; and in December 2015, we closed on the sale of the Marzocchi motorcycle fork product line to an Italian company, VRM S.p.A. These actions were a part of our ongoing efforts to optimize our Ride Performance product line globally while continuously improving our operations and increasing profitability. We recorded charges of $29 million in 2015 related to severance and other employee related costs, asset write-downs and other expenses related to these sales.

Under the terms of our amended and restated senior credit agreement that took effect on December 8, 2014, we are allowed to exclude up to $150 million in the aggregate of all costs, expenses, fees, fines, penalties, judgments, legal settlements and other amounts associated with any restructuring, litigation, claim, proceeding or investigation related to or undertaken by us or any of our subsidiaries, together with any related provision for taxes, incurred after December 8, 2014 in the calculation of the financial covenant ratios required under our senior credit facility. As of September 30, 2016 , we had excluded $74 million of allowable charges relating to restructuring initiatives against the $150 million available under the terms of the senior credit facility.

We are involved in environmental remediation matters, legal proceedings, claims, investigations and warranty obligations. These matters are typically incidental to the conduct of our business and create the potential for contingent losses. We accrue for potential contingent losses when our review of available facts indicates that it is probable a loss has been incurred and the amount of the loss is reasonably estimable. Each quarter we assess our loss contingencies based upon currently available facts, existing technology, presently enacted laws and regulations and taking into consideration the likely effects of inflation and other societal and economic factors and record adjustments to these reserves as required. As an example, we consider all available evidence, including prior experience in remediation of contaminated sites, other companies' cleanup experiences and data released by the United States Environmental Protection Agency or other organizations when we evaluate our environmental remediation contingencies. All of our loss contingency estimates are subject to revision in future periods based on actual costs or new information. With respect to our environmental liabilities, where future cash flows are fixed or reliably determinable, we have discounted those liabilities. We evaluate recoveries separately from the liability and, when they are assured, recoveries are recorded and reported separately from the associated liability in our consolidated financial statements.

Environmental Matters

We are subject to a variety of environmental and pollution control laws and regulations in all jurisdictions in which we operate. We expense or capitalize, as appropriate, expenditures for ongoing compliance with environmental regulations that relate to current operations. We expense costs related to an existing condition caused by past operations that do not contribute to current or future revenue generation. As of September 30, 2016 , we have the obligation to remediate or contribute towards the remediation of certain sites, including one Federal Superfund site. At September 30, 2016 , our aggregated estimated share of environmental remediation costs for all these sites on a discounted basis was approximately $16 million , of which $2 million is recorded in other current liabilities and $14 million is recorded in deferred credits and other liabilities in our condensed consolidated balance sheet. For those locations where the liability was discounted, the weighted average discount rate used was 1.7 percent . The undiscounted value of the estimated remediation costs was $19 million . Our expected payments of environmental remediation costs are estimated to be approximately $1 million in 2016, $2 million in 2017, $1 million in each year beginning 2018 through 2020 and $13 million in aggregate thereafter.

Based on information known to us, we have established reserves that we believe are adequate for these costs. Although we believe these estimates of remediation costs are reasonable and are based on the latest available information, the costs are estimates and are subject to revision as more information becomes available about the extent of remediation required. At some sites, we expect that other parties will contribute to the remediation costs. In addition, certain environmental statutes provide that our liability could be joint and several, meaning that we could be required to pay in excess of our share of remediation costs. Our understanding of the financial strength of other potentially responsible parties at these sites has been considered, where appropriate, in our determination of our estimated liability. We do not believe that any potential costs associated with our current status as a potentially responsible party in the Federal Superfund site, or as a liable party at the other locations referenced herein, will be material to our consolidated financial position, results of operations, or liquidity.

Antitrust Investigations and Litigation

On March 25, 2014, representatives of the European Commission were at Tenneco GmbH's Edenkoben, Germany administrative facility to gather information in connection with an ongoing global antitrust investigation concerning multiple automotive suppliers. On March 25, 2014, we also received a related subpoena from the U.S. Department of Justice ("DOJ").

On November 5, 2014, the DOJ granted us conditional leniency pursuant to an agreement we entered into under the Antitrust Division's Corporate Leniency Policy. This agreement provides us with important benefits in exchange for our self-reporting of matters to the DOJ and our continuing full cooperation with the DOJ's resulting investigation. For example, the DOJ will not bring any criminal antitrust prosecution against us, nor seek any criminal fines or penalties, in connection with the matters we reported to the DOJ. Additionally, there are limits on our liability related to any follow on civil antitrust litigation in the U.S. The limits include single rather than treble damages, as well as relief from joint and several antitrust liability with other relevant civil antitrust action defendants. These limits are subject to our satisfying the DOJ and any court presiding over such follow on civil litigation.

Certain other competition agencies are also investigating possible violations of antitrust laws relating to products supplied by our company. We have cooperated and continue to cooperate fully with all of these antitrust investigations, and take other actions to minimize our potential exposure.

Tenneco and certain of its competitors are also currently defendants in civil putative class action litigation in the United States. More related lawsuits may be filed, including in other jurisdictions. Plaintiffs in these cases generally allege that defendants have engaged in anticompetitive conduct, in violation of federal and state laws, relating to the sale of automotive exhaust systems or components thereof. Plaintiffs seek to recover, on behalf of themselves and various purported classes of purchasers, injunctive relief, damages and attorneys' fees. However, as explained above, because we received conditional leniency from the DOJ, our civil liability in these follow on actions is limited to single damages and we will not be jointly and severally liable with the other defendants, provided that we have satisfied our obligations under the DOJ leniency agreement and approval is granted by the presiding court.

Antitrust law investigations, civil litigation, and related matters often continue for several years and can result in significant penalties and liability. We intend to vigorously defend the company and/or take other actions to minimize our potential exposure. In light of the many uncertainties and variables involved, we cannot estimate the ultimate impact that these matters may have on our company. Further, there can be no assurance that the ultimate resolution of these matters will not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or liquidity.

Other Legal Proceedings, Claims and Investigations

We are also from time to time involved in other legal proceedings, claims or investigations. Some of these matters involve allegations of damages against us relating to environmental liabilities (including toxic tort, property damage and remediation), intellectual property matters (including patent, trademark and copyright infringement, and licensing disputes), personal injury claims (including injuries due to product failure, design or warning issues, and other product liability related matters), taxes, employment matters, and commercial or contractual disputes, sometimes related to acquisitions or divestitures. Additionally, some of these matters involve allegations relating to legal compliance. For example, in the U.S. we are subject to an audit in 11  states with respect to the payment of unclaimed property to those states, spanning a period as far back as over 30 years . While we vigorously defend ourselves against all of these legal proceedings, claims and investigations and take other actions to minimize our potential exposure, in future periods, we could be subject to cash costs or charges to earnings if any of these matters are resolved on unfavorable terms. Although the ultimate outcome of any legal matter cannot be predicted with certainty, based on current information, including our assessment of the merits of the particular claim, except as described above under "Antitrust Investigations," we do not expect the legal proceedings, claims or investigations currently pending against us will have any material adverse impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or liquidity.

In addition, for many years we have been and continue to be subject to lawsuits initiated by claimants alleging health problems as a result of exposure to asbestos. Our current docket of active and inactive cases is less than 500 cases nationwide. A small number of claims have been asserted against one of our subsidiaries by railroad workers alleging exposure to asbestos products in railroad cars. The substantial majority of the remaining claims are related to alleged exposure to asbestos in our automotive products although a significant number of those claims appear also to involve occupational exposures sustained in industries other than automotive. We believe, based on scientific and other evidence, it is unlikely that claimants were exposed to asbestos by our former products and that, in any event, they would not be at increased risk of asbestos-related disease based on their work with these products. Further, many of these cases involve numerous defendants, with the number in some cases exceeding 100 defendants from a variety of industries. Additionally, in many cases the plaintiffs either do not specify any, or specify the jurisdictional minimum, dollar amount for damages. As major asbestos manufacturers and/or users continue to go out of business or file for bankruptcy, we may experience an increased number of these claims. We vigorously defend ourselves

against these claims as part of our ordinary course of business. In future periods, we could be subject to cash costs or charges to earnings if any of these matters are resolved unfavorably to us. To date, with respect to claims that have proceeded sufficiently through the judicial process, we have regularly achieved favorable resolutions. Accordingly, we presently believe that these asbestos-related claims will not have a material adverse impact on our future consolidated financial position, results of operations or liquidity.

Warranty Matters

We provide warranties on some of our products. The warranty terms vary but range from one year up to limited lifetime warranties on some of our premium aftermarket products. Provisions for estimated expenses related to product warranty are made at the time products are sold or when specific warranty issues are identified with our products. These estimates are established using historical information about the nature, frequency, and average cost of warranty claims. We actively study trends of our warranty claims and take action to improve product quality and minimize warranty claims. We believe that the warranty reserve is appropriate; however, actual claims incurred could differ from the original estimates, requiring adjustments to the reserve. The reserve is included in both current and long-term liabilities on the balance sheet.

Below is a table that shows the activity in the warranty accrual accounts:

Earnings per share of common stock outstanding were computed as follows: