Brooklyn Cheesecake & Desert Com (BCKE) SEC Annual Report (10-K) for 2017

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

☑ ANNUAL REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended:  December 31, 2017

☐  TRANSITION REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission file number:  001-13984

MERIDIAN WASTE SOLUTIONS, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

12540 Broadwell Road, Suite 1203

Milton, GA 30004

(Address of principal executive offices)

(770)-691-6350

(Issuer's telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☐   No ☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ☐   No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒   No ☐ 

Indicate by checkmark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ☒   No ☐ 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.   ☐ 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer,  smaller  reporting  company,  or an emerging  growth company.  See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company,  indicate  by  check mark if  the registrant  has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided  pursuant  to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act.  ☐ 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐   No ☒

The aggregate market value of registrant's voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates (as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act) computed by reference to the average bid and asked price of such common equity on June 30, 2017, was $12,800,000. As of April 13, 2018, the registrant has one class of common equity, and the number of shares issued and outstanding of such common equity was 17,123,416.

Documents Incorporated By Reference: None. 

MERIDIAN WASTE SOLUTIONS, INC.

ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K

YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2017

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I

FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS

Except for historical information, this document contains various "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"). These forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties, including, among other things, statements regarding our revenue mix, anticipated costs and expenses, development, relationships with strategic partners and other factors discussed under "Business" and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations". These forward-looking statements may include declarations regarding our belief or current expectations of management, such as statements indicating that "we expect," "we anticipate," "we intend," "we believe," and similar language. We caution that any forward-looking statement made by us in this Form 10-K or in other announcements made by us are further qualified by important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements, including without limitation the risk factors set forth in this Form 10-K beginning on page 26.

Item 1. Business

As used in this Annual Report, "we," "us," "our," "Meridian," "Company" or "our Company" refers to Meridian Waste Solutions, Inc.

Our Company

Historically, Meridian has generally operated three lines of business: (1) non-hazardous solid waste collection, transfer and disposal services (the "Waste Business"); (2) technologies, centering on creating community-based synergies through healthcare collaborations and software solutions, through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Mobile Science Technologies, Inc. (the "Technologies Business"); and (3) innovations, striving to create value from recovered resources, through advanced byproduct technologies and assets found in downstream production, through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Attis Innovations, LLC (the "Innovations Business").

Late in the Summer of 2017, the Company began to explore the possibility of selling the Waste Business in order to reduce the Company's leverage, dedicating resources to further growth in the Technologies Business and Innovations Business, where the Company saw robust pipelines for further opportunity. Such sale of the Waste Business was expected to clear the bottleneck caused by the debt encumbering the Waste Business, while, the Company believed, significantly increasing its enterprise value, and thereby paving the way to aggressively pursue acquisitions.

On February 20, 2018, the Company entered into an agreement for the sale of the Waste Business. Such sale of the Waste Business is expected to close on or about April 17, 2018.

We built the Company by providing everyday products and services that contribute to the lives of all people. We will continue to do so moving forward, but in new and, we believe, more profitable ways that capitalize on untapped opportunities and changing market conditions in healthcare and energy to build strategically compatible revenue lines in our Technologies Business and Innovations Business.

History

Meridian Waste Solutions, Inc. was incorporated in November 1993 in New York. Prior to October 17, 2014, the Company derived revenue by licensing its trademarks to a third party (the "Legacy Business").

On October 17, 2014, the Company entered into that certain Membership Interest Purchase Agreement (the "Purchase Agreement") by and among Here to Serve Holding Corp., a Delaware corporation, as seller ("Here to Serve"), the Company, as parent, Brooklyn Cheesecake & Dessert Acquisition Corp., a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, as buyer (the "Acquisition Corp."), the Chief Executive Officer of the Company (the "Company Executive"), the majority shareholder of the Company (the "Company Majority Shareholder") and certain shareholders of Here to Serve (the "Here to Serve Shareholders"), pursuant to which the Acquisition Corp acquired from Here to Serve all of Here to Serve's right, title and interest in and to (i) 100% of the membership interests of Here to Serve – Missouri Waste Division, LLC d/b/a Meridian Waste, a Missouri limited liability company ("HTS Waste"); (ii) 100% of the membership interests of Here to Serve Technology, LLC, a Georgia limited liability company ("HTS Tech"); and (iii) 100% of the membership interests of Here to Serve Georgia Waste Division, LLC, a Georgia limited liability company ("HTS Waste Georgia", and together with HTS Waste and HTS Tech, collectively, the "Membership Interests"). As consideration for the Membership Interests, on October 31, 2014 (the "Closing Date") (i) the Company issued to Here to Serve 452,707 shares of the Company's common stock (the "HTS Common Stock"); (ii) the Company issued to the holder of Class A Preferred Stock of Here to Serve ("Here to Serve's Class A Preferred Stock") 51 shares of the Company's Series A Preferred Stock (the "Series A Preferred Stock"); (iii) the Company issued to the holder of Class B Preferred Stock of Here to Serve ("Here to Serve's Class B Preferred Stock") an aggregate of 71,120 shares of the Company's Series B Preferred Stock (the "Series B Preferred Stock," together with the HTS Common Stock and the Series A Preferred Stock, the "Purchase Price Shares"); and (iv) the Company assumed certain liabilities.

As further consideration, on the Closing Date of the transaction contemplated under the Purchase Agreement, (i) in satisfaction of all accounts payable and shareholder loans, Here to Serve paid to the Company Majority Shareholder $70,000 and (ii) Here to Serve purchased from the Company Majority Shareholder 11,500 shares of the Company's common stock for a purchase price of $230,000. Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, to the extent Purchase Price Shares are issued to individual shareholders of Here to Serve at or upon closing of the Purchase Agreement: (i) shares of common stock of Here to Serve held by the individuals listed on Schedule 2.2 of the Purchase Agreement valued at $2,564,374.95 were cancelled in accordance with such Schedule 2.2; (ii) 50,000 shares of Here to Serve's Class A Preferred Stock valued at $1,000 were cancelled; and (iii) 71,120 shares of Here to Serve's Class B Preferred Stock valued at $7,121,000 were cancelled.

The closing of the Purchase Agreement resulted in a change of control of the Company and the Legacy Business was spun out to a shareholder in connection with the same.

On March 27, 2015, the Company filed a Certificate of Amendment of the Certificate of Incorporation to change the name of the Company from Brooklyn Cheesecake & Desserts Company, Inc. to Meridian Waste Solutions, Inc. (the "Name Change").

On February 20, 2018, the Company entered into an Equity Securities Purchase Agreement (the "Purchase Agreement") with Meridian Waste Operations, Inc., a New York corporation ("Seller") and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Meridian, Meridian Waste Acquisitions, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company ("Buyer") and solely for purposes of Sections 6.4, 6.7 and 11.18 thereof, Jeffrey S. Cosman, the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of Meridian, providing for, subject to the satisfaction or waiver (if permissible under applicable law) of specified conditions, the purchase of all of the membership interests of each of the direct wholly-owned subsidiaries of Seller (collectively, the "Acquired Parent Entities" and together with their direct and indirect subsidiaries, the "Acquired Entities"), comprising, with the Acquired Parent Entities' subsidiaries, the Company's Waste Business and constituting substantially all of the assets of the Company (such acquisition, the "Transaction"). Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, at the time the Transaction closes (the "Closing") in consideration of $100,000, the Company will issue to the Buyer a warrant (the "Warrant") to purchase shares of common stock, par value $0.025 ("Common Stock"), of the Company, equal to two percent of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company on a fully-diluted basis as of the time of issuance of the Warrant (subject to adjustment as set forth therein).

At the time of the Closing, Buyer will have satisfied $75.8 million of the Company's outstanding indebtedness under the Amended and Restated Credit and Guaranty Agreement dated February 15, 2017 among certain of the Acquired Entities, Meridian, and Goldman Sachs Specialty Lending Group, L.P. (as amended, the "Credit Agreement") and assume the Acquired Entities' obligations under certain equipment leases and other operating indebtedness. Meridian estimates that it will retain approximately $6.6 million of indebtedness under the Credit Agreement or a successor agreement and certain promissory notes payable for an aggregate amount of $1.475 million (the "Legacy Notes").

This will leave the Company to operate its two remaining lines of business, the Technologies Business and the Innovations Business, unencumbered by $75.8 million of debt that was previously outstanding. 

Corporate Structure

Technologies Division

The Technologies Division of the Company, sometimes referred to herein as "Attis Healthcare", is comprised of two divisions - (i) healthcare and (ii) Bright City, a mobile application. Our healthcare group focuses on improving patient care and providing cost-saving opportunities through innovative, compliant, and comprehensive diagnostic and therapeutic solutions for patients and healthcare providers. We understand the challenges that come with trying to improve patient outcomes while driving down the cost of care, which is why we offer a broad portfolio of what we believe to be best-in-class solutions, combined with insight and expertise, to give providers tools that lead to healthier patients and communities. Attis Healthcare offers products and services in a variety of areas, including hospital consulting services for both laboratory services and emergency department revenue enhancement, polymerase chain reaction ("PCR") molecular testing, pharmacogenetics ("PGx") testing, and medication therapy management. 

Bright City is an all-in-one citizen engagement mobile application that allows cities and their residents to communicate more directly. This allows to make for safer communities, community leadership to be more proactive, and citizens to be more connected. Bright City provides direct and two-way communication, which means citizens can reply and communicate directly with local law enforcement and town, city or municipal staff. Bright City is specific and targeted, which prevents communications from becoming lost in the clutter of social media and allows for communications from citizens to be routed directly to the appropriate city staff for response and resolution. Bright City includes camera, video, and GPS locator functionality, which provides specific location data and a more accurate description of the reported activity, expediting the flow of information. Bright City acts as the eyes and ears of the city, allowing towns, cities and municipalities to expand security and increase connectivity.

Customers

Currently, within our Technologies Division, we have agreements with three (3) hospitals to manage their laboratory services. As part of those agreements, we provide consulting services in the areas of equipment procurement, materials management, staffing, training, billing and laboratory compliance. In addition to the three (3) hospitals we currently work with, we have a plan in place to bring on at least another four (4) hospital laboratories during the remainder of 2018, but cannot guarantee that we will be able to reach agreement with these laboratories. We are also working several large hospital groups regarding emergency services coding, where we provide expertise in connection with billing in the emergency department with an expectation of growing revenue for the hospital through improved billing and coding.

In connection with our PCR testing services, we focus on long term care facilities, home healthcare agencies and physician practices. We expect to continue expanding our footprint in this business, both by adding additional physician practices and long term care facilities in the Southeast, as well as expanding across the country to the Midwest, Northeast, and beyond.

Our PGx services are designed to assist large employers with reducing the amount of money they spend in pharmacy costs for their workforce. Specifically, Attis Healthcare has engaged multiple health benefits brokers who work with large employers to help drive this technology to these employers. Attis Healthcare is currently analyzing pharmacy data for multiple large employers.

Attis Healthcare is also currently working directly with both community pharmacies and large pharmacy corporations to offer PGx and medication therapy management to patient customers of the pharmacies. Attis Healthcare has an agreement with four (4) community pharmacies in the Southeast and is engaged in discussions with corporations about adding this technology to their pharmacy shelves.

Bright City is currently in the pilot phase, with delivery to the first municipality, located in the Southeast U.S., scheduled for the early second quarter of 2018. The Company expects to add two (2) additional pilot municipalities in either the second quarter or third quarter of 2018 and will then concentrate on a larger scale sales pipeline across the U.S.

Growth Strategy

Growth in Existing Markets

We currently provide laboratory testing services to a variety of physician offices and long term care facilities and we currently manage hospital laboratories in three (3) hospitals, all largely concentrated in the Southeast U.S. We are focused on increasing our sales in these markets by growing our customer base through increased market penetration and expanding existing customers through use of our other services. We have also begun engaging large employers on the PGx portion of our business and will continue to look to expand the number of employers who utilize our PGx and medication therapy management solution as a means of reducing their pharmacy costs.

Expanding into New Markets

In 2018 and beyond, we plan to expand into new markets, specifically targeting the Midwest United States and the Western part of the United States. We have and will continue to engage sales professionals that have strong relationships in all areas of the United States and will utilize those relationships to build our business into previously untapped markets.

Integration

Our growth strategy also includes the plan to become more integrated across our business lines by purchasing long term care facilities, nursing homes, and rural hospitals, which will allow us to further integrate our laboratory testing in the markets where the testing is most effective. We also plan to offer billing services and other consulting services, further integrating our various service offerings in the healthcare market.

Acquisition

Our revenue model is based on organic growth of operations, the acquisition of established operations in new markets, as well as being able to execute value-adding, tuck-in acquisitions. We hope to direct acquisition efforts towards those markets in which we would be able to provide vertically integrated services. Prior to acquisition, we analyze each prospective target for cost savings through the elimination of inefficiencies and excesses that are typically associated with private companies competing in fragmented industries. We aim to realize synergies from consolidating businesses into our existing operations, which we hope will allow us to reduce capital and expense requirements.

Competition

Competition in the lab services industry is dominated by two large national laboratories, Quest Diagnostics and Labcorp, with multiple regional laboratories providing laboratory services as well. However, because of their size, these laboratories struggle to provide high quality customer service. Our focus in building out hospital laboratories is to improve the customer service available to physician practices and other healthcare facilities, including turnaround time for test results, while bolstering the healthcare services offered in rural America and offering jobs in underserved communities. 

Sales & Marketing

We focus our marketing efforts on increasing and extending business with existing customers, as well as increasing our new customer base. We target physician practices, hospitals, long term care facilities, and large employers. With respect to hospitals, we particularly focus on rural hospitals, which are historically underserved. We believe that by improving the healthcare in the rural community, we can help stimulate job growth and improve the quality of life in this historically underserved population. We have a seasoned sales force of both executives and direct line sales employees with a wealth of experience in the healthcare sector. We utilize relationships across the United States to build our sales force, relying on relationships with strong sales professionals.

Government Contracts

We currently have one (1) governmental contract with a municipality in connection with Bright City. Bright City is still in the pilot phase; we expect to grow the number of governmental contracts in the second and third quarters of 2018.

Regulation

Our business is subject to extensive and evolving federal, state and local environmental, health, safety and healthcare laws and regulations. Governmental agencies have the authority to enforce compliance with these laws and regulations and to obtain injunctions or impose civil or criminal penalties in cases of violations. We believe that regulation of the healthcare industry will continue to evolve, and we will adapt to future legal and regulatory requirements to ensure compliance. Attis Healthcare strives to operate under the regulations and laws put in place to protect our medical communities and to comply with all regulations and laws that are put in place. Because compliance is important to us, we constantly review and assess our policies, practices and procedures. This compliance is, and may in the future continue to be, costly. In particular, the governing laws regarding medical laboratories are strictly enforced and reviewed frequently. Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments ("CLIA") inspections take place every two years, and the laboratories we manage or own must be in strict compliance. The section of the federal regulations titled "Standards and Certification: Laboratory Requirements" is issued by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services ("CMS") to enact the CLIA law passed by Congress. In general terms, the CLIA regulations establish quality standards for laboratory testing performed on specimens from humans, such as blood, body fluid and tissue, for the purpose of diagnosis, prevention, or treatment of disease, or assessment of health.

The federal Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 and the regulations issued thereunder (collectively, "HIPAA") impose extensive requirements on the way in which health plans, health care providers, health care clearinghouses (known as "covered entities") and their business associates use, disclose and safeguard protected health information ("PHI"). Criminal penalties and civil sanctions may be imposed for failing to comply with HIPAA standards. The Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act (the "HITECH Act"), enacted as part of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, amended HIPAA to impose additional restrictions on third-party funded communications using PHI and the receipt of remuneration in exchange for PHI. It also extended HIPAA privacy and security requirements and penalties directly to business associates. In addition to HIPAA, state health privacy laws apply to the extent they are more protective of individual privacy than is HIPAA.

Finally, the Health Insurance Marketplaces (formerly known as the "exchanges") are required to adhere to privacy and security standards with respect to PII, and to impose privacy and security standards that are at least as protective of PII as those the Health Insurance Marketplace has implemented for itself or non-Health Insurance Marketplace entities, which include insurers offering plans through the Health Insurance Marketplaces and their designated downstream entities, including PBMs and other business associates. These standards may differ from, and be more stringent than, HIPAA.

Attis Healthcare aims to strictly comply with HIPAA regulations. Annual certification for all employees with a reasonable expectation of coming into contact with protected health information is required.  Our customers and prospective customers are "Covered Entities" under HIPAA and its accompanying regulations.  As such, Customer is required to make reasonable efforts to limit as necessary the disclosure of PHI as defined by HIPAA.  To the extent that a Vendor or Customer has access to such PHI while supplying products or services or otherwise performing under the Order or complying with these Terms, Vendor or Customer will treat such PHI in accordance with the applicable Business Associate Addendum between the parties, including but not limited to the use of commercially reasonable safeguards to prevent the use or disclosure of PHI except as provided under the Order.

The Joint Commission on the Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) applies, or may apply, to some of the laboratories that Attis Healthcare manages. When JCAHO does have an oversight role, the hospital laboratories that we manage are in compliance with their safety regulations. JCAHO's focus is on healthcare systems.  Today, most hospitals are accredited by JCAHO.  Laboratories are part of these healthcare systems and are thereby required to comply with the JCAHO safety regulations. JCAHO regulations are extensive and numerous.  They have very specific requirements on many safety matters.  JCAHO also has a "deemed status" acknowledgement by the federal government. 

Passed in 2010, the Affordable Care Act ("ACA") affects virtually every aspect of health care in the country. In addition to establishing the framework for every individual to have health coverage, ACA enacted a number of significant health care reforms. Many of these reforms affect the coverage and plan designs that are provided by our health plan clients. As a result, these reforms impact a number of our services and business practices. Some significant ACA provisions are still being finalized (e.g., implementation of the excise tax on high-cost employer-sponsored health coverage has been delayed by Congress) and parts of ACA may still face potential Congressional changes, so the full impact of ACA on our Company is still uncertain.

Innovations Division

Attis Innovations, LLC

Attis Innovations ("Innovations") focuses on producing sustainable materials and fuels from renewable sources at costs equal to or less than those otherwise produced from fossil fuels. By processing targeted feedstocks, we believe Innovations will be able to produce materials used in the following markets: bioplastics, consumer goods, adhesives, carbon fiber, renewable fuels, and green chemicals, among others.

We intend to leverage our expertise in waste streams and our technology development experience to harvest value from biomass. To this end, we have assembled a growing portfolio of technologies that are being designed and developed to refine biomass in a series of process steps that are analogous to petroleum refining, in which crude oil is sequentially processed into a wide range of products. Our patented and patent-pending lignin conversion and refining processes, which fractionate and convert cellulosic biomass into ethanol or butanol and a renewable alternative for petroleum-derived resins, were recently awarded a $3 million grant from the USDA.

Our ultimate plan for this business is to finance, build, own and operate facilities based on our technologies to generate shareholder value by producing and selling renewable fuels, plastics, resins and other carbon-neutral offsets from low-value lignin and other cellulosic feedstocks; including pulp and paper by-products, first generation biofuel by-products, and other overlooked carbon-containing residuals. The Company is continuing to evaluate acquisitions and other transactions, some of which include existing production assets that are ideal for co-location of facilities based on our technologies. First generation biofuel plants can be particularly favorable targets inasmuch as our technologies have been proven to have the potential to generate more income by converting and refining existing by-products as compared to the income of current plants using traditional methods.

Innovations is comprised of three divisions:

Attis R&D Services

Beginning in January 2018, Attis R&D Services, through American Science and Technology Corporation (AST), holds a ‘for hire' 15,000 sq. ft. R&D facility (the "AST Facility") capable of processing almost any form of biomass and converting it into targeted materials for testing and evaluation purposes. This facility is a full-service pilot test facility, available to this industry and dedicated to developing innovative biobased products using its patented AST-Organosolv process to convert lignocellulosic biomass into high-value, bio-based chemicals and products.  The AST Facility, located in Wausau, Wisconsin, operates at various scales from a laboratory level to multi-ton batches and is equipped with a wide range of biomass processing equipment to provide a unique opportunity to accelerate the advancement of the bio-based economy. The AST Facility was built through a series of grants and private funding to generate slightly positive cash flow on annual testing revenues between $0.9 to $1.3 million over the past three years. Innovations is in the process of executing its plan to upgrade the AST Facility to generate improved revenues. 

Attis Biomaterials

Attis Biomaterials is intended to provide for the recovery and conversion of practically any form of biomass into targeted bio-based materials. Attis Biomaterials plans to produce and supply high-performance plant-derived materials, chemicals, and molecularly consistent feedstocks to manufacturing industries at costs competitive with those for materials otherwise derived from fossil fuels. Plastic, adhesives, and transportation fuels are typically produced from non-renewable materials such as crude oil and natural gas. Innovations is focusing on providing the same materials directly from biomass, which can be sustainably harvested and replanted. We believe Attis Biomaterials can cost-effectively recover greater amounts of high-quality sources of carbon-based feedstocks from biomass than those previously available, thereby substantially increasing the revenues and profits generated per unit of biomass harvested. 

In addition to processing virgin biomass feedstocks, we believe Attis Biomaterials will also be able to recover lignin from byproduct streams from the pulp and paper industry, as well as from the cellulosic ethanol industry. Presently, these pulp and paper producers and biorefineries typically burn their lignin byproduct generating only about $50 per ton for its energy content, whereas Attis Biomaterials is expected to be able to result in the recovery of about 50% of the byproduct stream as a valuable lignin polymer that can instead be sold for $500 to $800 per ton.

The United States produces about 73 million metric tons of paper from about 219 million metric tons of trees. This paper industry does not target the recovery of lignin from its byproduct leaving more than 35 million metric tons of lignin available from this industry alone. Innovations' technology is capable of recovering up to 30% of this lignin for use in higher valued markets. While the global demand for biomaterials cannot currently consume this volume of material, Innovations is collaborating with various entities to integrate our bio-based materials into traditional product offerings. 

As an example, the team working with Innovations on a $3 million USDA grant to develop lignin into residential siding products is comprised of Oak Ridge National Laboratory, the University of Tennessee's Center for Renewable Carbon, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point, the Natural Resource Research Institute, Long Trail Sustainability, and Innovations' research and development unit, American Science and Technology Corporation.

Innovations is engaging partners for services agreements for Attis Biomaterials, with revenue-generating operations expected to begin in the fourth quarter of 2018, following the Company's acquisition of certain property. Additionally, Innovations has hired Emerging Fuels Technology to develop a method to convert the Innovations lignin into transportation fuels such as diesel and gasoline.

In order to meet the EPA's biofuel production goals, more than 500 new traditional cellulosic ethanol facilities would need to be built by 2022. Because these traditional facilities do not currently recover a valuable form of lignin, they are unable to compete against fossil fuels due to the low revenues generated per unit of biomass consumed. Like pulp and paper producers, these cellulosic biorefineries burn the lignin they produce for an energy value of only about $50 per ton. Attis Biomaterials can allow these facilities to increase revenue and value by adding technology that would enable such facilities to recover the lignin.  Further, the availability of this technology could result in the EPA requiring more strict compliance with existing regulations and granting fewer waivers for non-compliance, which in turn would cause a greater demand of Attis Biomaterials' technology.

Attis Biofuels

Attis Biofuels is intended to produce biofuels from low-cost feedstocks. These feedstocks include cellulose, hemicellulose lignin, sugars, fats and vegetable oils. 

Attis Biofuels plans to purchase sugars from Attis Biomaterials and to convert this sugar into ethanol. This form of ethanol is referred to as cellulosic ethanol and sold at a premium to corn derived ethanol due the additional renewable energy credits it receives.

In addition, Attis Biofuels plans to use its capital and energy efficient biodiesel and renewable diesel process technology to convert fats and oils into fuels. Attis Biofuels has designed a hybrid process technology that allows for the production of either biodiesel or renewable diesel depending on the market demand for each.

When producing biodiesel, Attis Biofuels' process does not require the use of a catalyst; as a result, the system is able to produce biodiesel at an advantage of about a 10 to 30 cents per gallon over companies that use such other catalysts. 

When producing renewable diesel, Attis Biofuels' process consumes about 30-50% less hydrogen than those processes currently in production. This is accomplished by stripping glycerin from the triglycerides prior to hydroprocessing. Hydrogen accounts for between 25 and 60 cents of the processing cost associated with producing a single gallon of renewable diesel and the Attis Biofuels technology provides a cost advantage by reducing the amount of hydrogen consumed. Furthermore, the use of less hydrogen, reduces the energy conversion requirement and can increase incentive payments from places like California where Low Carbon Fuel Standards ("LCFS") are in place to incentives more efficient fuel conversion.

Innovations is engaging partners for services agreements for Attis Biofuels, with revenue-generating operations expected to begin in the fourth quarter of 2018, following the Company's acquisition of certain property. Attis Biofuels would use the same property and same facility as Attis Biomaterials.

Attis IP Holdings

In addition to the three divisions of Innovations, Attis IP Holdings is a company designated to hold and manage Innovations' patent portfolio. This business unit will charge each of Innovations' process subsidiaries a royalty fee to be used to account for the cost associated with managing and prosecuting the patents. The objective of this business unit is to be cash flow neutral. 

Customers

Presently, Innovations does not have a fully commercialized system in operation; therefore, it currently has a limited customer base that is solely associated with its contract R&D service work out of its Wausau, WI biomass processing facility. Our plan is to target customers that will be feedstock providers for its fully commercialized process technologies once we have a fully commercialized system in operation.

Our Operating Strengths

Experienced Leadership

Innovations has an experienced management team that has a successful track record in multiple industries including waste and byproduct recovery, renewable fuel production, intellectual property development, plastics, federal and state policy initiatives and process and chemical engineering. Innovations division president is David Winsness who has over 25 years of experience in process engineering and technology development. Over the last 15 years, Mr. Winsness has worked in the corn-based ethanol industry in the US where he and his team developed and commercialized a patented process to extract corn oil from the backend of dry mill ethanol facilities for use as a feedstock in renewable fuel production and animal feed. Today, that technology is deployed at an estimated 92% in the US ethanol industry and is responsible for an estimated $750 million in annual revenue.

Innovations draws on the deep experience of its team and relies heavily on years of industry experience across multiple competencies to drive the development of its patented and patent-pending technologies to full commercialization as well as various biobased end product offerings.

Vertically Integrated Operations

Innovations vertically integrated operations enable us to control the entire biobased supply chain from feedstock to end product, allowing us to maximize revenues by tightly controlling input costs and increasing the gross margin on finished products. This starts with identifying and forming strategic partnerships with biomass suppliers who possess high-quality materials that are not currently being processed due to location or scale.

With a steady stream of inexpensive, high-quality biomass feedstock, Innovations is able to capitalize on its AST process technology that cost-effectively and efficiently processes and converts biomass into refined forms of commodities such as sugar and lignin polymers. Providing further flexibility is our technologies' ability to process at varying scales economically, opening opportunities to process biomass feedstocks previously thought too difficult due to quantity available or location.

Innovations can market these materials independently or utilize them in downstream conversion systems that enable end-use product manufacturing of siding and other types of durable, thermoplastic products. This provides tremendous flexibility to sell intermediate biomaterials for further processing or end products, allowing us to maximize revenue throughout the supply chain and gain significant competitive advantages.

Technology Assets

Through a combination of intellectual property and proprietary know-how, we are well positioned to maintain and grow our competitive advantage in processing and end product offerings.

Through recent acquisitions and internal development, Innovations has a strong intellectual property base that comprises both issued patents and pending patent applications that cover a range of process and product applications. Below is a list of our current portfolio of issued patents:

In addition to such patents, Innovations has a deep collection of pending patents, all of which are geared towards strengthening our existing issued patents, expanding our capabilities, and protections into other new and emerging applications. Like our issued patents, if granted, these will cover both process and products for various applications that Innovations currently engages in or will evaluate in the future.

Acquisition Integration

Innovations growth strategy includes the acquisition of assets and technologies that create synergies and diversify risk for its core business. We specifically target acquisitions that are either significantly enhanced by our existing technology or enable accelerated market opportunities and increased revenues for our business. These acquisitions include processing technology from American Science and Technology, advanced resin formulations with Advanced Lignin Biocomposites and a portfolio of biobased fillers from Genarex.

Our Growth Strategy

Growth of Existing Markets

We believe as oil prices rise, reserves dwindle, and as consumers become increasingly environmentally conscious, demand for fuels and consumer products generated by sustainable feedstocks will increase. Current federal and state initiatives mandate a gradual increase in low carbon fuels that will drive the market in the short-term. We believe our technology platform provides the most cost-competitive options for biobased fuels and products today, which will result in securing market share as demand increases.

Expand into New Markets

Innovations is currently marketing our products to customers as a simple way to make traditional products cheaper and ecofriendly. Our low CAPEX, low-value feedstocks, and unique conversion technology allow us to manufacture products with high-value properties at a lower cost. These durable, biobased materials will be able to offer solutions in applications that were previously limited due to cost and performance restrictions. In many cases, Innovations' materials will be less expensive than even petroleum-based products, allowing for more sustainable, durable plastics to reach even more product spaces.

Innovations will continue to expand its renewable diesel technology to include a wider range of feedstocks and further refine its biomass separation byproducts to include various specialty green chemicals.

Industry Overview

During the 21st century, developed nations have prioritized research and commercialization of sustainable biofuels and biomaterials produced from renewable feedstocks. In the United States, the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 set statutory volumes of renewable fuels to be mixed into the domestic fuel supply with volumes increasing each year. The Congressional goal set for 2017 was 24 billion gallons of renewable fuel, however the EPA had to reduce the volume to 19.28 billion gallons mainly due to a lack of advanced biofuel production.

A large majority of the existing biofuels and biomaterials market is comprised of materials produced with technology and know-how that has been in use for hundreds of years. Innovation and commercialization efforts have proven to be expensive and insufficient to fuel industrial growth that was predicted at the turn of the 21 st century. However, government incentives and increased consumer demand for sustainable materials remain, creating enormous opportunity for those that can develop cost-effective solutions.

Competition

Competition in advanced biofuels and biomaterials is expanding due to the growth of the industry, government incentives and the evolution of new technologies. However, in both its biorefinery and renewable biofuels divisions, Innovations technology platform holds an advantage over its competitors due to its low capital requirements.

Many of our competitors in the biorefining space generate revenue from only one product stream - cellulose. Innovations' proprietary technology can create high-value products from all constituents of the feedstock - cellulose, lignin and hemicellulose. Innovations is not aware of a commercialized biorefinery that is capable of producing a melt-flowable lignin; most competitors burn their low-quality lignin for energy purposes that yield only about $50 to $100 per ton consumed, whereas Innovations' melt-flowing lignin is valued at more than $500 per ton in multiple applications. Innovations' melt-flowable lignin not only has a quality advantage over its competitors, but it is also safer to store and compound, as existing lignin recovery operations are subject to explosion under pneumatic transfer due to the small particle, dust-like properties of the dried lignin.

Sales and Marketing

Innovations is interested in markets that look to increase profits either by extracting the full potential of their byproduct streams or by reducing the costs of their inputs, and we believe Innovations' technology platform is the solution. Out of our facility in Wausau, WI, contract R&D services are marketed to large agricultural and biomass processors that have underutilized biomass streams in their operations. These customers use our biomass separation and classification services to determine potential high-value applications for their residual byproducts. In many cases, these services are also used to find and evaluate feedstocks for new Innovations biorefineries.

Innovations' biomaterial business markets plant-based products to companies looking to reduce cost while using sustainable materials. Target industries include large scale producers of durable plastics such as compounders and converters. Our customers are able to replace the more expensive petroleum resins with our plant-based resins and biofillers while retaining physical properties.

Government Controls

The Company is a party to a $3 million USDA grant to further develop the Innovations biorefinery process and end applications for our unique lignin product. The USDA is active in its monetary and political support for the biorefining industry, and the awarded grant demonstrates the agency's support of Innovations' technology platform and its ability to offer cost-effective solutions to the bioeconomy.

Regulation

Our business is subject to federal, state and local laws and regulations relating to the production of renewable fuels and materials, the protection of the environment, and the safety of our employees. The Clean Air Act and analogous state laws and regulations impose obligations related to emissions of air pollutants, including greenhouse gases. The Water Pollution Control Act, also known as the Clean Water Act, and analogous state laws and regulations govern discharges into waters. The Occupational Safety and Health Act and analogous state laws and regulations govern the protection of the health and safety of employees.

In addition, some state and federal laws and regulations support the industries in which we operate. The Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 mandates the increased use of renewable fuels in the US fuel supply which is expected to reach 36 billion gallons in 2022. Compliance with the law is overseen by the EPA and executed through a program called the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) where Renewable Identification Numbers (RINs) are used to show compliance. RINs are attached to renewable fuels by producers and detached when the renewable fuel is blended with transportation fuel or traded on the open market. The market price of detached RINs props up the price of eligible renewable fuels.

In California, the state's Air Resources Board oversees the Low Carbon Fuel Standard Program which was first enacted by executive order in 2007 and since amended by the state legislature. The program requires a 7.5% reduction in average carbon intensity of gasoline and diesel transportation fuels from 2010 to 2020. Eligible fuels, such as renewable diesel, receive a premium when sold into the California market based on their carbon reductions and the daily price of tradable carbon credits.

Seasonality

A potential risk in processing biomass is the degree to which the feedstock varies seasonally and is often harvested over a short period of time. Crops that are harvested once annually pose an additional complication of storage and proper maintenance creating a need for additional infrastructure and handling. We plan to hedge this risk by targeting feedstock streams that are less seasonal and that are consistently available over the course of the year to minimize storage infrastructure and potential feedstock degradation.

WASTE DIVISION

Upon the closing of the Purchase Agreement, which is expected to occur on or about April 17, 2018, the Company will have completely divested the Waste Business and the business described under this section "WASTE DIVISION" will cease to be a part of the Company.

Missouri Waste Operations

Here to Serve – Missouri Waste Division, LLC d/b/a Meridian Waste

Here to Serve – Missouri Waste Division, LLC ("HTS Waste") is a non-hazardous solid waste management company providing collection services for approximately 45,000 commercial, industrial and residential customers in Missouri. We own one collection operation based out of Bridgeton, Missouri. Approximately 100% of HTS Waste's 2016 and 2015 revenue was from collection, utilizing over 60 collection vehicles.

HTS Waste began non-hazardous waste collection operations in May 2014 upon the acquisition of nearly all of the assets from Meridian Waste Services, LLC that in turn became the core of our operations. From our formation through today, we have begun to create the infrastructure needed to expand our operations through acquisitions and market development opportunities.

Christian Disposal, LLC; FWCD

Effective December 22, 2015, the Company consummated the closing of the Amended and Restated Membership Interest Purchase Agreement, dated October 16, 2015, by and among the Company, Timothy M. Drury, Christian Disposal LLC ("Christian Disposal"), FWCD, LLC ("FWCD"), Missouri Waste and Georgia Waste, as amended by that certain First Amendment thereto, dated December 4, 2015, pursuant to which Christian Disposal became a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company in exchange for: (i) Thirteen Million Dollars ($13,000,000), subject to working capital adjustment, (ii) 87,500 shares of the Company's Common Stock, (iii) a Convertible Promissory Note in the amount of One Million Two Hundred Fifty Thousand Dollars ($1,250,000), bearing interest at 8% per annum and (iv) an additional purchase price of Two Million Dollars ($2,000,000), due upon completion of an extension under a certain contract to which Christian Disposal is party (the "Additional Purchase Price"), each payable to the former stockholders of Christian Disposal. The Additional Purchase Price will not become due, because an extension was not, and will not be, granted in connection with the relevant contract.

Christian Disposal, along with its subsidiary, FWCD, is a non-hazardous solid waste management company providing collection and transfer services for approximately 35,000 commercial, industrial and residential customers in Missouri. Christian Disposal's collection operation is based out of Winfield, Missouri. Along with operations in Winfield, Christian Disposal operates two transfer stations, in O'Fallon, Missouri and St. Peters, Missouri, and owns one transfer station, in Winfield, Missouri. Almost all of Christian Disposal and FWCD's 2015 revenue and revenue in 2016 was from collection and transfer, utilizing over 35 collection vehicles.

Christian Disposal began non-hazardous waste collection operations in 1978. Our acquisition of Christian Disposal is a key element of our strategy to create the vertically integrated infrastructure needed to expand our operations. 

Meridian Land Company, LLC (Assets of Eagle Ridge Landfill & Hauling)

Effective December 22, 2015, Meridian Land Company, LLC ("Meridian Land Company"), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, consummated the closing of that certain Asset Purchase Agreement, dated November 13, 2015, by and between Meridian Land Company and Eagle Ridge Landfill, LLC ("Eagle"), as amended by that certain Amendment to Asset Purchase Agreement, dated December 18, 2015, to which the Company and WCA Waste Corporation are also party, pursuant to which the Company, through Meridian Land Company, purchased from Eagle a landfill in Pike County, Missouri (the "Eagle Ridge Landfill") and substantially all of the assets used by Eagle related to the Eagle Ridge Landfill, including certain debts, in exchange for $9,506,500 in cash, subject to a working capital adjustment.

The Eagle Ridge Landfill is currently permitted to accept municipal solid waste. The Eagle Ridge Landfill is located in Bowling Green, Missouri. Meridian Land Company currently owns 265 acres at Eagle Ridge with 56.7 acres permitted and constructed to receive waste.

In addition to the Eagle Ridge Landfill, the Company operates, through Meridian Land Company, hauling operations in Bowling Green, Missouri, servicing commercial, residential and roll off customers in this market. The Company will be looking to expand its footprint in the market through an aggressive sales and marketing strategy, as well as through additional acquisitions.

Virginia Waste Operations

The CFS Group, LLC; The CFS Disposal & Recycling Services, LLC; RWG5, LLC

On February 15, 2017, the Company consummated the closing of the Membership Interest Purchase Agreement (the "Virginia Purchase Agreement") by and between the Company and Waste Services Industries, LLC ("Seller"), pursuant to which the Company purchased from Seller 100% of the membership interests of The CFS Group, LLC ("CFS"), The CFS Disposal & Recycling Services, LLC ("CFS Disposal"), RWG5, LLC ("RWG5" and, together with CFS and CFS Disposal, the "CFS Companies"), in exchange for the following: (i) $40,000,000 in cash and assumption of certain capital leases, subject to a working capital adjustment in accordance with Section 2.6 of the Virginia Purchase Agreement and (ii) 500,000 shares of the Company's common stock.

Collectively, the CFS Companies are non-hazardous solid waste management companies providing collection and transfer services for more than 30,000 commercial, industrial and residential customers in Virginia, with its main facility in Petersburg, Virginia and satellite facilities in Lunenberg, Virginia and Prince George, Virginia. Along with the collection operation in Petersburg, the CFS Companies operate a transfer station, in Lunenberg, and two owned landfills, in Petersburg and Lunenberg. Approximately 81% of the CFS Companies' 2015 revenue was from collection and transfer, utilizing over 60 collection vehicles.

Our acquisition of the CFS Companies is a key element of our strategy to create the vertically integrated infrastructure needed to expand our operations.

Collection Services

Meridian, through its subsidiaries, provides solid waste collection services to approximately 65,000 industrial, commercial and residential customers in the Metropolitan St. Louis, Missouri area, and, recently, approximately 33,000 in Virginia. 

In our commercial collection operations, we supply our customers with waste containers of various types and sizes. These containers are designed so that they can be lifted mechanically and emptied into a collection truck to be transported to a disposal facility. By using these containers, we can service most of our commercial customers with trucks operated by a single employee. Commercial collection services are generally performed under service agreements with a duration of one to five years with possible renewal options. Fees are generally determined by such considerations as individual market factors, collection frequency, the type of equipment we furnish, the type and volume or weight of the waste to be collected, the distance to the disposal facility and the cost of disposal.

Residential solid waste collection services often are performed under contracts with municipalities, which we generally secure by competitive bid and which give us exclusive rights to service all or a portion of the homes in these municipalities. These contracts usually range in duration from one to five years with possible renewal options. Generally, the renewal options are automatic upon the mutual agreement of the municipality and the provider; however, some agreements provide for mandatory re-bidding. Alternatively, residential solid waste collection services may be performed on a subscription basis, in which individual households or homeowners' or similar associations contract directly with us. In either case, the fees received for residential collection are based primarily on market factors, frequency and type of service, the distance to the disposal facility and the cost of disposal.

Additionally, we rent waste containers and provide collection services to construction, demolition, and industrial sites and some larger commercial locations. We load the containers onto our vehicles and transport them with the waste to a landfill, a transfer station, or a recycling facility for disposal. We refer to this as "roll-off" collection. Roll-off collection services are generally performed on a contractual basis. Contract terms tend to be shorter in length, in some cases having terms of only six months, and may vary according to the customers' underlying projects.

Transfer and Disposal Services

Landfills are the main depository for solid waste in the United States. Solid waste landfills are built, operated, and tied to a state permit under stringent federal, state and local regulations. Currently, solid waste landfills in the United States must be designed, permitted, operated, closed and maintained after closure in compliance with federal, state and local regulations pursuant to Subtitle D of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976, as amended. We do not operate any hazardous waste landfills, which may be subject to even greater regulations. Operating a solid waste landfill includes excavating, constructing liners, continually spreading and compacting waste and covering waste with earth or other inert material as required, final capping, closure and post-closure monitoring. The objectives of these operations are to maintain sanitary conditions, to ensure the best possible use of the airspace and to prepare the site so that it can ultimately be used for other end use purposes.

Our transfer stations allow us to consolidate waste for subsequent transfer in larger loads, thereby making disposal in our otherwise remote landfills economically feasible. A transfer station is a facility located near residential and commercial collection routes where collection trucks take the solid waste that has been collected. The waste is unloaded from the collection trucks and reloaded onto larger transfer trucks for transportation to a landfill for final disposal. As an alternative to operating a transfer station directly, we could negotiate the use of a transfer station owned by a private party or operated by a competitor, which may not be as profitable as operating our own transfer station. In addition to increasing our ability to internalize the waste that our collection operations collect, using transfer stations reduces the costs associated with transporting waste to final disposal sites because the trucks we use for transfer have a larger capacity than collection trucks, thus allowing more waste to be transported to the disposal facility on each trip.

Our Operating Strengths

Vertically Integrated Operations

The vertical integration of our operations allows us to manage the waste stream from the point of collection through disposal, which we hope will enable us to maximize profit by controlling costs and gaining competitive advantages, while still providing high-quality service to our customers. In the St. Louis market, because we have integrated our network of collection, transfer and disposal assets, primarily using our own resources, we generate a steady, predictable stream of waste volume and capture an incremental disposal margin. We charge tipping fees to third-party collection service providers for the use of our transfer stations or landfills, providing a source of recurring revenue. We believe the internalization of waste provides us with a significant cost advantage over our competitors, positioning us well to win additional profitable business through new customer acquisition and municipal contract awards. We also believe this vertically integrated structure enables us to quickly and efficiently integrate future acquisitions of transfer stations, collection operations or landfills into our current operations.

Landfill Assets

We now have three active and strategically located landfills at the core of our integrated operations which we believe provides us a significant competitive advantage, in that we do not need to use our competitors' landfills. Our landfills have substantial remaining airspace.

The valuation of our landfill assets was based on approximately 4 million cubic yards (cy) total in remaining airspace and approximately 32.7 million cy total in expansion airspace. These landfill assets are comprised of the Eagle Ridge Landfill, the Tri-City Landfill and the Lunenberg Landfill. The Company acquired the Tri-City Landfill and the Lunenberg Landfill on February 15, 2017. There have not been any significant changes.

The Eagle Ridge Landfill has approximately 1.3 million cy of remaining airspace and approximately 30 million cy of expansion airspace, with an estimated life through approximately June 2021. Expenses were recorded based on a blended average rate of $20.71 per ton, and there have been no recent significant changes to such rates.

The Tri-City Landfill has approximately 1.3 million cy of remaining airspace and approximately 700,000 cy of expansion airspace, with an estimated life through approximately September 2021. The Company is also pursuing opportunities to acquire additional expansion airspace. Expenses were recorded based on a blended average rate of $18.74 per ton, and there have been no recent significant changes to such rates.

The Lunenberg Landfill, which has approximately 1.3 million cy of remaining airspace and approximately 4.6 million cy of expansion airspace, with an estimated life through approximately October 2024. The Company is also pursuing opportunities to acquire additional expansion airspace. Expenses were recorded based on a blended average rate of $10.93 per ton, and there have been no recent significant changes to such rates.

The value of our landfills may be further enhanced by synergies associated with our vertically integrated operations, including our transfer stations, which enable us to cover a greater geographic area surrounding the landfills, and provide competitive advantages in that we would not need to use our competitors' landfills. In our experience there has generally been a shift towards fewer, larger landfills, which has resulted in landfills that are generally located farther from population centers, with waste being transported longer distances between collection and disposal, typically after consolidation at a transfer station. With landfills, transfer stations and collection services in place, we aim to provide vertically integrated operations that cover the substantial geographic area surrounding the landfill.

Long-Term Contracts

In Missouri, we serve approximately 65,000 residential, commercial, and construction and industrial customers, with no single customer representing more than 11% of revenue in 2016. Our municipal customer relationships are generally supported by contracts ranging from three to seven years in initial duration most with subsequent renewal periods, and we have a historical renewal rate of 100% with such customers. Our standard service agreement is a five-year renewable agreement. We believe our customer relationships, long-term contracts and exceptional retention rate provide us with a high degree of stability as we continue to grow.

Customer Service

We maintain a central focus on customer service and we pride ourselves on trying to consistently exceed our customers' expectations. We believe investing in our customers' satisfaction will ultimately maximize customer loyalty price stability.

Commitment to Safety

The safety of our employees and customers is extremely important to us and we have a strong track record of safety and environmental compliance. We constantly review and assess our policies, practices and procedures in order to create a safer work environment for our employees and to reduce the frequency of workplace injuries.

Our Strategy

Sale of Waste Assets

Following the approvals of the Special Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company and the Meridian Board, on February 20, 2018, Seller Parties (as defined in the Purchase Agreement), Meridian Waste Acquisitions, LLC ("Buyer"), a Delaware limited liability company formed by Warren Equity Partners Fund II and Jeffrey S. Cosman, an officer, director and majority shareholder of Meridian ("Cosman"), entered into an Equity Securities Purchase Agreement (the "Purchase Agreement"). Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Purchase Agreement, Buyer will purchase from Seller (as defined in the Purchase Agreement) all of the membership interests in each of the direct wholly-owned subsidiaries of Seller (the "Acquired Parent Entities" and together with each direct and indirect subsidiary of the Acquired Parent Entities, the "Acquired Entities"), which constitute the Waste Business, and each such Acquired Parent Entity will continue as wholly-owned subsidiary of Buyer (the "Transaction").

Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, upon the closing of the Transaction (the "Closing"), Buyer will pay Seller Parties $3.0 million in cash; satisfy $75.8 million of outstanding indebtedness under the Credit Agreement; and assume the Acquired Entities' obligations under certain equipment leases and other operating indebtedness. Following the Closing, the Seller Parties expect they would retain approximately $6.6 million of outstanding indebtedness under the Credit Agreement and all other assets and obligations of Meridian, the Technologies Business and the Innovations Business. At the Closing, Meridian will issue to Buyer a warrant to purchase shares of common stock, par value $0.025, of Meridian, equal to two percent of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of Meridian on a fully-diluted basis as of Closing (subject to adjustment as set forth therein and as more fully described in the Purchase Agreement) on such terms to be determined by Meridian and Buyer. The Purchase Agreement also provides for Meridian shareholders who properly exercise dissenters' rights under New York law to seek appraisal in accordance with the New York Business Corporation Law, as amended.

The consummation of the Transaction is subject to customary and other closing conditions, including (i) receiving the approval of holders of at least two-thirds majority of the voting power of the outstanding Company common stock pursuant to the New York Business Corporation Law (the "Meridian Shareholder Approval"), (ii) the Buyer receiving the proceeds of its debt financing, and (iii) the absence of legal restraints preventing the consummation of the Transaction.

The Purchase Agreement contains certain customary covenants, including covenants providing (i) for each of the parties to use reasonable best efforts to cause the transaction to be consummated and (ii) for the Seller Parties to cause the Acquired Entities to conduct their business in the ordinary course consistent with past practice during the interim period between the execution of the Purchase Agreement and completion of the Transaction. The Purchase Agreement also provides that during the period before the Meridian Shareholder Approval is obtained, the Board of Directors of Meridian can consider an unsolicited alternative proposal that it concludes in good faith is more favorable from a financial point of view to the shareholders of Meridian than the Transaction.

The Purchase Agreement contains certain customary termination rights of Seller Parties and Buyer.

In addition, Buyer may terminate the Purchase Agreement if (A) the shareholders representing the requisite majority for the Meridian Shareholder Approval and the written consent of Seller's sole shareholder shall not have been delivered to the Buyer and the Seller Parties by 12:00 p.m. Eastern Time on the third business day immediately following the date of the Purchase Agreement and (B) at any time prior to the 21 st day from the date of the Purchase Agreement, if the Buyer shall have discovered any matter, condition, or circumstance with respect to the Acquired Entities or the business of the Acquired Entities during its due diligence investigation that has a material effect, in the Buyer's sole discretion, on the Buyer's willingness to proceed with the transactions contemplated herein and in the other transaction documents under the terms and conditions set forth therein. The Purchase Agreement contains specified termination rights for the parties and provides that, in connection with the termination of the Purchase Agreement under specified circumstances, Seller Parties will be required to pay to Buyer a "termination fee" up to $3.5 million plus certain fees and expenses of Buyer.

On February 23, 2018, certain shareholders of the Company holding in aggregate approximately 66.78% of the outstanding voting shares of the Company as of the record date, February 19, 2018, executed an irrevocable written consent approving the following actions: (the "Written Consent"):

In the event that the sale of the Waste Business is not consummated, the Company intends to continue operation of the Waste Business as it evaluates further strategic alternatives, including pursuing the sale of the Waste Business to other purchasers.

Waste Industry Overview

The non-hazardous solid waste industry can be divided into the following three categories: collection, transfer and disposal services. In our management's experience, companies engaging in collection and/or transfer operations of solid waste typically have lower margins than those additionally performing disposal service operations. By vertically integrating collection, transfer and disposal operations, operators seek to capture significant waste volumes and improve operating margins.

During the past four decades, our industry has experienced periods of substantial consolidation activity; however, we believe significant fragmentation remains. We believe that there are two primary factors that lead to consolidation:

Competition

The solid waste collection and disposal industry is highly competitive and, following consolidation, remains fragmented, and requires substantial labor and capital resources. The industry presently includes large, publicly-held, national waste companies such as Republic Services, Inc, Waste Connections, Inc., Advanced Disposal, Inc. and Waste Management, Inc., as well as numerous other public and privately-held waste companies. Our existing market and certain of the markets in which we will likely compete are served by one or more of these companies, as well as by numerous privately-held regional and local solid waste companies of varying sizes and resources, some of which have accumulated substantial goodwill in their markets. We also compete with operators of alternative disposal facilities and with counties, municipalities and solid waste districts that maintain their own waste collection and disposal operations. Public sector operations may have financial advantages over us because of potential access to user fees and similar charges, tax revenues and tax-exempt financing.

We compete for collection based primarily on geographic location and the price and quality of our services. From time to time, our competitors may reduce the price of their services in an effort to expand their market share or service areas or to win competitively bid municipal contracts. These practices may cause us to reduce the price of our services or, if we elect not to do so, to lose business.

Our management has observed significant consolidation in the solid waste collection and disposal industry, and, as a result of this perceived consolidation, we encounter competition in our efforts to acquire landfills, transfer stations and collection operations. Competition exists not only for collection, transfer and disposal volume but also for acquisition candidates. We generally compete for acquisition candidates with large, publicly-held waste management companies, private equity backed firms as well as numerous privately-held regional and local solid waste companies of varying sizes and resources. Competition in the disposal industry may also be affected by the increasing national emphasis on recycling and other waste reduction programs, which may reduce the volume of waste deposited in landfills. Accordingly, it may become uneconomical for us to make further acquisitions or we may be unable to locate or acquire suitable acquisition candidates at price levels and on terms and conditions that we consider appropriate, particularly in markets we do not already serve.

Sales and Marketing

We focus our marketing efforts on increasing and extending business with existing customers, as well as increasing our new customer base. Our sales and marketing strategy is to provide prompt, high quality, comprehensive solid waste collection to our customers at competitive prices. We target potential customers of all sizes, from small quantity generators to large companies and municipalities. Because the waste collection and disposal business is a highly localized business, most of our marketing activity is local in nature.

Government Contracts

We are party to contracts with municipalities and other associations and agencies. Many of these contracts are or will be subject to competitive bidding. We may not be the successful bidder, or we may have to substantially lower prices in order to be the successful bidder. In addition, some of our customers may have the right to terminate their contracts with us before the end of the contract term.

Municipalities may annex unincorporated areas within counties where we provide collection services, and as a result, our customers in annexed areas may be required to obtain service from competitors who have been franchised or contracted by the annexing municipalities to provide those services. Some of the local jurisdictions in which we currently operate grant exclusive franchises to collection and disposal companies, others may do so in the future, and we may enter markets where franchises are granted by certain municipalities, thereby reducing the potential market opportunity for us.

Regulation

Our business is subject to extensive and evolving federal, state and local environmental, health, safety and transportation laws and regulations. These laws and regulations are administered by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, or EPA, and various other federal, state and local environmental, zoning, air, water, transportation, land use, health and safety agencies. Many of these agencies regularly inspect our operations to monitor compliance with these laws and regulations. Governmental agencies have the authority to enforce compliance with these laws and regulations and to obtain injunctions or impose civil or criminal penalties in cases of violations. We believe that regulation of the waste industry will continue to evolve, and we will adapt to future legal and regulatory requirements to ensure compliance.

The permit for our landfill requires us to post a closure bond, which currently stands at approximately $7.4 million, with premiums in the approximate amount of $250,000.

Our operations are subject to extensive regulation, principally under the federal statutes described below.

The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976, as amended, or RCRA. RCRA regulates the handling, transportation and disposal of hazardous and non-hazardous wastes and delegates authority to states to develop programs to ensure the safe disposal of solid wastes. On October 9, 1991, the EPA promulgated Solid Waste Disposal Facility Criteria for non-hazardous solid waste landfills under Subtitle D of RCRA. Subtitle D includes location standards, facility design and operating criteria, closure and post-closure requirements, financial assurance standards and groundwater monitoring, as well as corrective action standards, many of which had not commonly been in place or enforced at landfills. Subtitle D applies to all solid waste landfill cells that received waste after October 9, 1991, and, with limited exceptions, required all landfills to meet these requirements by October 9, 1993. All states in which we operate have EPA-approved programs which implemented at least the minimum requirements of Subtitle D and in some states even more stringent requirements.

The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980, as amended, or "CERCLA." CERCLA, which is also known as Superfund, addresses problems created by the release or threatened release of hazardous substances (as defined in CERCLA) into the environment. CERCLA's primary mechanism for achieving remediation of such problems is to impose strict joint and several liability for cleanup of disposal sites on current owners and operators of the site, former site owners and operators at the time of disposal and parties who arranged for disposal at the facility ( i.e. , generators of the waste and transporters who select the disposal site). The costs of a CERCLA cleanup can be substantial. In addition to ordering remediation work to be undertaken, federal or state agencies can perform remediation work themselves and seek reimbursement of their costs from potentially liable parties, and may record liens to enforce their cost recovery claims. Beyond cleanup costs, federal and state agencies may also assert claims for damages to natural resources, like groundwater aquifers, surface water bodies and ecosystems. Liability under CERCLA is not dependent on the existence or intentional disposal of "hazardous wastes" (as defined under RCRA), but can also be based upon the release or threatened release, even as a result of lawful, unintentional and non-negligent action, of any one of the more than 700 "hazardous substances" listed by the EPA, even in minute amounts.

The Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, as amended, or the Clean Water Act. This act establishes rules regulating the discharge of pollutants into streams and other waters of the United States (as defined in the Clean Water Act) from a variety of sources, including solid waste disposal sites. If wastewater or stormwater from our transfer stations may be discharged into surface waters, the Clean Water Act requires us to apply for and obtain discharge permits, conduct sampling and monitoring and, under certain circumstances, reduce the quantity of pollutants in those discharges. In 1990, the EPA issued additional rules under the Clean Water Act, which establish standards for management of storm water runoff from landfills and which require landfills that receive, or in the past received, industrial waste to obtain storm water discharge permits. In addition, if a landfill or transfer station discharges wastewater through a sewage system to a publicly-owned treatment works, the facility must comply with discharge limits imposed by the treatment works. Also, if development of a landfill may alter or affect "wetlands," the owner may have to obtain a permit and undertake certain mitigation measures before development may begin. This requirement is likely to affect the construction or expansion of many solid waste disposal sites.

The Clean Air Act of 1970, as amended, or the Clean Air Act. The Clean Air Act provides for increased federal, state and local regulation of the emission of air pollutants. The EPA has applied the Clean Air Act to solid waste landfills and vehicles with heavy duty engines, such as waste collection vehicles. Additionally, in March 1996, the EPA adopted New Source Performance Standards and Emission Guidelines (the "Emission Guidelines") for municipal solid waste landfills to control emissions of landfill gases. These regulations impose limits on air emissions from solid waste landfills. The Emission Guidelines impose two sets of emissions standards, one of which is applicable to all solid waste landfills for which construction, reconstruction or modification was commenced before May 30, 1991. The other applies to all municipal solid waste landfills for which construction, reconstruction or modification was commenced on or after May 30, 1991. These guidelines, combined with the new permitting programs established under the Clean Air Act, could subject solid waste landfills to significant permitting requirements and, in some instances, require installation of gas recovery systems to reduce emissions to allowable limits. The EPA also regulates the emission of hazardous air pollutants from municipal landfills and has promulgated regulations that require measures to monitor and reduce such emissions.

Climate Change . A variety of regulatory developments, proposals or requirements have been introduced that are focused on restricting the emission of carbon dioxide, methane and other gases known as greenhouse gases. Congress has considered legislation directed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions. There has been support in various regions of the country for legislation that requires reductions in greenhouse gas emissions, and some states have already adopted legislation addressing greenhouse gas emissions from various sources. In 2007, the U.S. Supreme Court held in Massachusetts, et al. v. EPA that greenhouse gases are an "air pollutant" under the federal Clean Air Act and, thus, subject to future regulation. In a move toward regulating greenhouse gases, on December 15, 2009, the EPA published its findings that emission of carbon dioxide, methane and other greenhouse gases present an endangerment to human health and the environment because greenhouse gases are, according to EPA, contributing to climate change. On October 30, 2009, the EPA published the greenhouse gas reporting final rule, effective December 29, 2009, which establishes a new comprehensive scheme requiring certain specified industries as well as operators of stationary sources emitting more than established annual thresholds of carbon dioxide-equivalent greenhouse gases to inventory and report their greenhouse gas emissions annually. Municipal solid waste landfills are subject to the rule. In 2009, the EPA also proposed regulations that would require a reduction in emissions of greenhouse gases from motor vehicles. According to the EPA, the final motor vehicle greenhouse gas standards will trigger construction and operating permit requirements for stationary sources that exceed potential-to-emit (PTE) thresholds for regulated pollutants. As a result, the EPA has proposed to tailor these programs such that only large stationary sources, such as electric generating units, cement production facilities, and petroleum refineries will be required to have air permits that authorize greenhouse gas emissions.

The Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970, as amended, or OSHA. OSHA establishes certain employer responsibilities, including maintenance of a workplace free of recognized hazards likely to cause death or serious injury, compliance with standards promulgated by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration and various record keeping, disclosure and procedural requirements. Various standards, including standards for notices of hazards, safety in excavation and demolition work and the handling of asbestos, may apply to our operations.

Flow Control/Interstate Waste Restrictions. Certain permits and approvals, as well as certain state and local regulations, may limit a landfill or transfer station to accepting waste that originates from specified geographic areas, restrict the importation of out-of-state waste or wastes originating outside the local jurisdiction or otherwise discriminate against non-local waste. From time to time, federal legislation is proposed that would allow some local flow control restrictions. Although no such federal legislation has been enacted to date, if such federal legislation should be enacted in the future, states in which we use landfills could limit or prohibit the importation of out-of-state waste or direct that wastes be handled at specified facilities. These restrictions could also result in higher disposal costs for our collection operations. If we were unable to pass such higher costs through to our customers, our business, financial condition and operating results could be adversely affected.

State and Local Regulation. Each state in which we now operate or may operate in the future has laws and regulations governing the generation, storage, treatment, handling, transportation and disposal of solid waste, occupational safety and health, water and air pollution and, in most cases, the siting, design, operation, maintenance, closure and post-closure maintenance of landfills and transfer stations. State and local permits and approval for these operations may be required and may be subject to periodic renewal, modification or revocation by the issuing agencies. In addition, many states have adopted statutes comparable to, and in some cases more stringent than, CERCLA. These statutes impose requirements for investigation and cleanup of contaminated sites and liability for costs and damages associated with such sites, and some provide for the imposition of liens on property owned by responsible parties. Furthermore, many municipalities also have ordinances, local laws and regulations affecting our operations. These include zoning and health measures that limit solid waste management activities to specified sites or activities, flow control provisions that direct or restrict the delivery of solid wastes to specific facilities, laws that grant the right to establish franchises for collection services and then put such franchises out for bid and bans or other restrictions on the movement of solid wastes into a municipality.

Certain state and local jurisdictions may also seek to enforce flow control restrictions through local legislation or contractually. In certain cases, we may elect not to challenge such restrictions. These restrictions could reduce the volume of waste going to landfills in certain areas, which may adversely affect our ability to operate our landfills at their full capacity and/or reduce the prices that we can charge for landfill disposal services. These restrictions may also result in higher disposal costs for our collection operations. If we were unable to pass such higher costs through to our customers, our business, financial condition and operating results could be adversely affected.

Permits or other land use approvals with respect to a landfill, as well as state or local laws and regulations, may specify the quantity of waste that may be accepted at the landfill during a given time period and/or specify the types of waste that may be accepted at the landfill. Once an operating permit for a landfill is obtained, it must generally be renewed periodically.

There has been an increasing trend at the state and local level to mandate and encourage waste reduction and recycling and to prohibit or restrict the disposal in landfills of certain types of solid wastes, such as construction and demolition debris, yard wastes, food waste, beverage containers, unshredded tires, lead-acid batteries, paper, cardboard and household appliances. 

Many states and local jurisdictions have enacted "bad boy" laws that allow the agencies that have jurisdiction over waste services contracts or permits to deny or revoke these contracts or permits based on the applicant's or permit holder's compliance history. Some states and local jurisdictions go further and consider the compliance history of the parent, subsidiaries or affiliated companies, in addition to that of the applicant or permit holder. These laws authorize the agencies to make determinations of an applicant's or permit holder's fitness to be awarded a contract to operate and to deny or revoke a contract or permit because of unfitness unless there is a showing that the applicant or permit holder has been rehabilitated through the adoption of various operating policies and procedures put in place to assure future compliance with applicable laws and regulations. 

Some state and local authorities enforce certain federal laws in addition to state and local laws and regulations. For example, in some states, RCRA, OSHA, parts of the Clean Air Act and parts of the Clean Water Act are enforced by local or state authorities instead of the EPA, and in some states those laws are enforced jointly by state or local and federal authorities.

Public Utility Regulation. In many states, public authorities regulate the rates that landfill operators may charge.

Seasonality

Based on our industry and our historic trends, we expect our operations to vary seasonally. Typically, revenue will be highest in the second and third calendar quarters and lowest in the first and fourth calendar quarters. These seasonal variations result in fluctuations in waste volumes due to weather conditions and general economic activity. We also expect that our operating expenses may be higher during the winter months due to periodic adverse weather conditions that can slow the collection of waste, resulting in higher labor and operational costs.

Recent Developments in our Technologies and Innovations Divisions

WelNess Benefits and IntegrityLab Solutions Purchase Agreement

On November 17, 2017, (the "Closing Date"), Mobile Science Technologies, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company entered into that certain Membership Interest Purchase Agreement (the "Purchase Agreement") by and among four individuals, as sellers (together, the "Sellers"), the Company, and Mobile Science Technologies, Inc., as buyer ("Buyer"), pursuant to which Buyer acquired from Sellers all of Sellers' right, title and interest in and to 100% of the membership interests (the "Membership Interests") of WelNess Benefits, LLC, an Oklahoma limited liability company, and Integrity Lab Solutions, LLC, an Oklahoma limited liability company, that together own and operate laboratory marketing, management, and testing businesses.

As consideration for the Membership Interests, the Buyer paid $60,165.41 (the "Cash Payment") to the Sellers, and, pursuant to an election made by the Sellers in connection with the closing of the Purchase Agreement, the Company issued 1,000,000 shares of its restricted common shares.

The Purchase Agreement provides for an earn-out opportunity, payable in cash to the Sellers on the sixtieth (60th) day after the first anniversary of the Closing Date, and again on the sixtieth (60th) day after second anniversary of Closing Date, each equal to twenty five percent (25%) of the combined earnings before interest, taxes and depreciation, excluding Accounts Receivables and capital expenditures, of the Operating Companies (as defined in the Purchase Agreement) (the "CA EBITDA") for the immediately preceding 12-month period ending on October 31 of such year. On the sixtieth (60th) day after the third full anniversary of the Closing, the Buyer shall pay a cash bonus (the "Third Year Cash Bonus") to Sellers equal twenty five percent (25%) of the combined earnings before interest, taxes and depreciation, excluding Accounts Receivables which are more than 120 days old and capital expenditures, of the Operating Companies (the "Last Year CA EBITDA") for immediately preceding 12-month period ending on October 31 of such year.

As an additional earn-out opportunity, the Company shall issue to Sellers shares of the Company's restricted common stock (the "Tranche III Shares") as follows:  (i) on the ninetieth (90th) day after first anniversary of the Closing ("First Anniversary Earnout Payment Date"), Tranche III Shares in the amount equal to 500% of the CA EBITDA for the immediately preceding 12-month period ending on October 31 of such year, less the amount of the cash bonus paid on the First Bonus Payment Date, if any; and (ii) on the ninetieth (90th) day after the second, third, fourth, and fifth anniversaries of the Closing (each an "Anniversary Earnout Payment Date"), Tranche III Shares in the amount equal to the product of the Applicable Year Multiplier (as hereinafter defined) multiplied by the difference between the CA EBITDA for the immediately preceding 12-month period ending on October 31 of such year, less the amount of the applicable cash bonus, if any, paid on the immediately preceding Bonus Payment Date, (the "Adjusted CA EBITDA") and less (x) the previous year's Adjusted CA EBITDA on the second and third Anniversary Earnout Payment Date, or (y) the previous year's CA EBITDA on the fourth and fifth Anniversary Earnout Payment Date.  The "Applicable Year Multiplier" to be used in calculating the Tranche III Share Values shall be 4 for the second Anniversary Earnout Payment Date, 3 for the third Anniversary Earnout Payment Date, 2 for the fourth Anniversary Earnout Payment Date, and 1 for the fifth Anniversary Earnout Payment Date.   The number of Tranche III Shares to be issued on any Anniversary Earnout Payment Date shall be calculated by dividing the Tranche III Share Value for the applicable Anniversary Earnout Payment Date by (a) the VWAP of the Company's restricted common stock as of the last Trading Day prior to the applicable Anniversary Earnout Payment Date, or (b) $1.09, whichever is greater.

As additional consideration, the Company issued to Sellers, on the Closing Date, an aggregate of 1,000,000 five year warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $1.00 per share, exercisable beginning six months after the date of issuance thereof (the "Seller Warrants"). The Seller Warrants provide for cashless exercise to the extent that there is no registration statement available for the underlying shares of Common Stock.

Advanced Lignin Biocomposites Purchase Agreement

On November 30, 2017, Attis Innovations, LLC, formerly known as Meridian Innovations, LLC (the "Buyer", a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, entered into a Membership Interest Purchase Agreement (this "Purchase Agreement ") with four individuals (collectively, the "Sellers") and the Company, pursuant to which the Buyer acquired all of the issued and outstanding membership interests of Advanced Lignin Biocomposites, LLC, a Minnesota limited liability company that owns and operates a business focused on providing low cost, high performing materials from lignin ("ALB"). As consideration for the membership interests of ALB, pursuant to an election made by the Sellers in connection with the closing of the Purchase Agreement, the Company issued an aggregate of 800,000 shares of its restricted common shares to certain of the Sellers. Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, a reconciliation is available for the Sellers in the event that, beginning on the first anniversary of the closing of the Purchase Agreement, the Sellers have sold such shares in good faith and received gross proceeds of less than $4.00 per share, pursuant to which the Company could become obligated to issue additional shares to the Sellers.

As further consideration for the membership interests of ALB, Buyer entered into employment agreements and consulting agreements with Sellers.

RedX Medical Purchase

Effective January 17, 2018, (the "Effective Date"), Mobile Science Technologies, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Meridian Waste Solutions, Inc. (the "Company") entered into that certain Membership Interest Purchase Agreement (the "Purchase Agreement") by and among two individuals, as sellers (together, the "Sellers"), the Company and Mobile Science Technologies, Inc., as buyer ("Buyer"), pursuant to which Buyer acquired from Sellers all of Sellers' right, title and interest in and to 100% of the membership interests (the "Membership Interests") of Red X Medical LLC ("RedX"), a Georgia limited liability company that owns and operates a medical waste disposal business. All terms not defined herein shall have the meaning set forth in the Purchase Agreement.

As a condition to the closing of the transactions contemplated by the Purchase Agreement (the "Closing"), Walter H. Hall, Jr., the Company's President, Chief Operating Officer and a member of the Company's Board of Directors (the "Board"), is required to deliver to the Buyer a written letter effecting his resignation from all director, manager, officer or similar positions with the Seller Parties. This condition in the Purchase Agreement served as a notice to the Board of Mr. Hall's conditional intention to resign from all positions with the Company effective upon the Closing. Such resignation remains subject to Mr. Hall's entry into an employment agreement with the Buyer on such terms as such parties will agree, as well as the Closing and the satisfaction of all conditions therefor. The Nominating Committee of the Board is currently identifying candidates to replace Mr. Hall in the event that Mr. Hall's contemplated resignation becomes effective. 

Amendments to Certificate of Incorporation

Series D Preferred Stock

On September 7, 2017, the Company amended its Certificate of Incorporation by filing the Certificate of Amendment of the Certificate of Incorporation of the Company with the Secretary of State of the State of New York (the " Amendment to Certificate "), which established 141,000 shares of the Series D Preferred Stock, having such designations, rights and preferences as set forth in the Series D Designations, as determined by the Company's Board of Directors in its sole discretion, in accordance with the Company's Certificate of Incorporation and bylaws.

The shares of Series D Preferred Stock have a stated value of $10.00 per share and are convertible into Common Stock at a price of $1.00 per share, subject to adjustment (the " Conversion Price ").

The shares of Series D Preferred Stock rank senior to the Common Stock and have the right to vote together with the holders of Common Stock as one class, with each share of Series D Preferred Stock voting on an "as converted" basis, with each share of Series D having 6.94 votes.

The Series D Preferred Stock shall also have the following class voting rights: so long as more than ten percent (10%) of the Series D Preferred Stock remain outstanding, the Company shall not, and shall not permit any subsidiary to, without the affirmative vote or consent of the holders of at least 75% of the shares of the Series D Preferred Stock outstanding at the time, given in person or by proxy, either in writing or at a meeting, in which the holders of the Series D Preferred Stock vote separately as a class: (i) amend, alter or repeal the provisions of the Series D Preferred Stock, whether by merger, consolidation or otherwise, so as to adversely affect any right, preference, privilege or voting power of the Series D Preferred Stock, including but not limited to the authorization or issuance of additional shares of Series D Preferred Stock; (ii) repurchase, redeem or pay dividends on (whether in cash, in kind, or otherwise), shares of the Company's Junior Stock; (iii) amend the Articles of Incorporation or By-Laws of the Company so as to materially and adversely and disproportionately affect any right, preference, privilege or voting power of the Series D Preferred Stock; (iv) effect any distribution with respect to Junior Stock; (v) reclassify the Company's outstanding securities; (vi) issue any Common Stock or any Common Stock equivalents below the Conversion Price, as in effect from time to time, excluding equity-based awards issued at the market price for the Company's Common Stock on the date of grant pursuant to the Company's current stock option plan and the issuance of stock upon exercise or conversion of currently outstanding securities; or (vii) amend any outstanding securities or instruments convertible or exchangeable into shares of Common Stock such that the conversion or exchange price or ratio would result in shares of Common Stock having an effective price per share below the Conversion Price.

On March 13, 2018, the Company amended its Certificate of Incorporation by filing the Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation of the Company with the Secretary of State of the State of New York (the "Amendment to Certificate"), which amended the designations of the Series D Preferred and the Series E Preferred to reflect the inclusion of additional provisions to provide for adjustment to the Conversion Price for issuances at prices below the Conversion Price.

Series E Preferred Stock

On October 21, 2017, the Company amended its Certificate of Incorporation by filing the Certificate of Amendment of the Certificate of Incorporation of the Company with the Secretary of State of the State of New York (the " Amendment to Certificate "), which established 300,000 shares of the Series E Preferred Stock, having such designations, rights and preferences as set forth in the Series E Designations, as determined by the Company's Board of Directors in its sole discretion, in accordance with the Company's Certificate of Incorporation and bylaws.

The shares of Series E Preferred Stock have a stated value of $10.00 per share and, subject to the approval of a majority of the Company's shareholders (" Shareholder Approval "), are convertible into Common Stock at a price of $1.00 per share, subject to adjustment (the " Conversion Price ") and earn dividends at the rate of 20% per annum, with such dividends for the first year earned in advance, to be issued in the form of common stock following Shareholder Approval. The Company and certain key stockholders of the Company entered into a voting agreement with the Investor related to the obtaining of Shareholder Approval (the " Voting Agreement ").

The shares of Series E Preferred Stock rank senior to the Common Stock and have the right to vote together with the holders of Common Stock as one class, with each share of Series E Preferred Stock voting on an "as converted" basis, with each share of Series E having 10 votes.

The Series E Preferred Stock shall also have the following class voting rights: so long as more than ten percent (10%) of the Series E Preferred Stock remain outstanding, the Company shall not, and shall not permit any subsidiary to, without the affirmative vote or consent of the holders of at least 75% of the shares of the Series E Preferred Stock outstanding at the time, given in person or by proxy, either in writing or at a meeting, in which the holders of the Series E Preferred Stock vote separately as a class: (i) amend, alter or repeal the provisions of the Series E Preferred Stock, whether by merger, consolidation or otherwise, so as to adversely affect any right, preference, privilege or voting power of the Series E Preferred Stock, including but not limited to the authorization or issuance of additional shares of Series E Preferred Stock; (ii) repurchase, redeem or pay dividends on (whether in cash, in kind, or otherwise), shares of the Company's Junior Stock; (iii) amend the Articles of Incorporation or By-Laws of the Company so as to materially and adversely and disproportionately affect any right, preference, privilege or voting power of the Series E Preferred Stock; (iv) effect any distribution with respect to Junior Stock; (v) reclassify the Company's outstanding securities; (vi) issue any Common Stock or any Common Stock equivalents below the Conversion Price, as in effect from time to time, excluding equity-based awards issued at the market price for the Company's Common Stock on the date of grant pursuant to the Company's current stock option plan and the issuance of stock upon exercise or conversion of currently outstanding securities; or (vii) amend any outstanding securities or instruments convertible or exchangeable into shares of Common Stock such that the conversion or exchange price or ratio would result in shares of Common Stock having an effective price per share below the Conversion Price.

On March 13, 2018, the Company amended its Certificate of Incorporation by filing the Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation of the Company with the Secretary of State of the State of New York (the "Amendment to Certificate"), which amended the designations of the Series D Preferred and the Series E Preferred to reflect the inclusion of additional provisions to provide for adjustment to the Conversion Price for issuances at prices below the Conversion Price.

Series F Preferred Stock

On February 22, 2018, the Company submitted for filing with the Secretary of State of the State of New York the Certificate of Amendment of the Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, in the form attached as Exhibit 3.1 hereof, (the " Amendment to Certificate "), which amended the designations, rights and preferences of the Series F Preferred Stock, as determined by the Company's Board of Directors in its sole discretion, in accordance with the Company's Certificate of Incorporation and bylaws.

The shares of Series F Preferred Stock have a stated value of $1,000.00 per share are convertible into Common Stock at a price of $0.94 per share, subject to adjustment (the " Conversion Price ") and earn dividends at the rate of 8% per annum. In addition, on each Trigger Date, the Conversion Price shall be reduced, and only reduced, to the lesser of (x) the then Conversion Price, as adjusted and taking into consideration any prior resets, or (y) the greater of (A) the Floor Price and (B) 90% of the quotient of (I) the sum of the VWAP of the Common Stock for each of the five (5) Trading Days with the lowest VWAP of the Common Stock during the twenty (20) consecutive Trading Day period ending and including the Trading Day immediately preceding such Trigger Date, divided by (II) five (5) (the " Reset Conversion Price ", which shall thereafter be the new Conversion Price, subject to further adjustment hereunder, and such 20 Trading Day period shall be referred to herein as a " Measurement Period "). Any adjustment to the Conversion Price pursuant to the occurrence of a Trigger Date shall be effective retroactively to the date of original issuance of the Series F Preferred. " Floor Price " means $0.20 or such lower price as mutually agreed to by the Company and the purchasers of a majority in interest of the securities issued pursuant to the Offering and then outstanding (subject to the prior consent of the Nasdaq Stock Market before the effective date of any such voluntary reduction). " Trigger Date " shall mean each of the following dates: (i) the later of (x) the thirtieth day immediately following the date of the effectiveness of the initial Registration Statement covering any portion of the Registrable Securities (as defined in the Amendment to Certificate) and (y) the thirtieth day immediately following the date that Shareholder Approval is obtained and deemed effective, (ii) the thirtieth day following the date of the effectiveness of any other Registration Statement covering any portion of the Registrable Securities, (iii) the thirtieth day following the six month anniversary of the Closing Date, in the event that all of the Registrable Securities are not then registered on an effective Registration Statement, (iv) the tenth (10 th ) Trading Day immediately following the public announcement of the Asset Sale (or, if earlier, the date of the initial filing with the Commission disclosing the occurrence of the consummation of the Asset Sale) and (v) thirtieth day immediately following the twelve (12) month anniversary of the Closing Date, in the event that the Company fails for any reason to satisfy the current public information requirement under Rule 144(c) at any time during the period commencing on the six month anniversary of the Closing Date through the 12 month anniversary of the Closing Date and all of the Registrable Securities are not then registered on an effective Registration Statement. " Asset Sale " means a sale by the Company of all or substantially all of the assets related to the Company's waste business occurring prior to April 30, 2018.

Provided that no events requiring adjustment pursuant to the designations for the Series F Preferred or the Warrants occur, the Offering would result in a maximum of 2,659,571 shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the Series F Preferred Stock and 5,319,143 shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants, resulting in a maximum of 7,978,715 shares, assuming compliance with the respective limitations on conversion or exercise contained within the designations for the Series F Preferred and Warrants. In the event that adjustments are required due to the Company's stock price falling, or otherwise, based on the floor price of $0.20 for the Series F Preferred, and assuming such price applies for the Warrants as well, then the Offering would result in a maximum of 12,499,987 shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the Series F Preferred Stock and 25,265,932 shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants, resulting in a maximum of 37,765,919 shares, assuming compliance with the respective limitations on conversion or exercise contained within the designations for the Series F Preferred and Warrants. In the event that an adjustment to the Conversion Price of Series F Preferred occurs, to the extent that shares of Series F Preferred have been converted to shares of Common Stock, such shareholders will receive additional shares of Common Stock such that they will have received the total number of shares of Common Stock into which the total numbers of shares of Series F Preferred are convertible, regardless of whether such shares of Series F Preferred have actually been converted.

Beginning on February 23, 2019, the holders of the Series F Preferred shall be entitled to receive dividends at the rate of 8% per annum, payable in cash or, at the option of the Company, in shares of Common Stock, subject to certain equity conditions.

The shares of Series F Preferred Stock rank senior to the Common Stock and do not have voting rights.  

Certificate of Correction to Certificate of Incorporation

On March 13, 2018, the Company amended its Certificate of Incorporation by filing the Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation of the Company with the Secretary of State of the State of New York (the "Amendment to Certificate"), which amended the designations of the Series D Preferred and the Series E Preferred to reflect the inclusion of additional provisions to provide for adjustment to the Conversion Price for issuances at prices below the Conversion Price.

Employees

We have approximately 370 full-time employees, of which approximately 30 exclusively serve the Technologies Business, 340 exclusively serve the Innovations Business and 10 exclusively serve the Waste Business. None of our employees are represented by a labor union. We have not experienced any work stoppages and we believe that our relations with our employees are good.

Available Information

Our website address is www.mwsinc.com . We do not intend our website address to be an active link or to otherwise incorporate by reference the contents of the website into this Report. We electronically file certain documents with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC). We file annual reports on Form 10-K; quarterly reports on Form 10-Q; and current reports on Form 8-K (as appropriate); along with any related amendments and supplements thereto. From time-to-time, we may also file registration statements and related documents in connection with equity or debt offerings. You may read and copy any materials we file with the SEC at the SEC's Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, DC 20549. You may obtain information regarding the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. In addition, the SEC maintains an internet website at  www.sec.gov  that contains reports and other information regarding registrants that file electronically with the SEC. 

Item 1A. Risk Factors

RISK FACTORS

You should carefully consider the risks described below, together with all of the other information included in this report, in considering our business and prospects. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones facing the Company. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial also may impair our business operations. The occurrence of any of the following risks could harm our business, financial condition or results of operations.

RISKS RELATED TO OUR COMPANY AND TECHNOLOGIES BUSINESS

THE MOBILE APPLICATION INDUSTRY IS CHARACTERIZED BY RAPID TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE, AND OUR SUCCESS DEPENDS UPON THE FREQUENT ENHANCEMENT OF EXISTING PRODUCTS AND TIMELY INTRODUCTION OF NEW PRODUCTS THAT MEET OUR CUSTOMERS' NEEDS.

Customer requirements for mobile application products are rapidly evolving and technological changes in our industry occur rapidly. To keep up with new customer requirements and distinguish us from our competitors, we must frequently introduce new products and enhancements of existing products. Enhancing existing products and developing new products is a complex and uncertain process. It often requires significant investments in research and development (R&D). Furthermore, we may not be able to launch new or improved products before our competition launches comparable products. Any of these factors could cause our business or financial results to suffer.

WE ARE INCREASINGLY DEPENDENT ON WIRELESS SERVICE AND INFRASTRUCTURE AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SYSTEMS (CYBER SECURITY).

As a provider of a mobile application, we rely upon technology systems and infrastructure. In particular, we are heavily dependent and reliant on availability of technology from Apple (iOS phones) and Google (Android phones and geo locating services). Our operations are potentially vulnerable to breakdown or other interruption by fire, power loss, system malfunction, unauthorized access and other events such as computer hackings, cyber-attacks, computer viruses, worms or other destructive or disruptive software. Likewise, data privacy breaches by employees and others with permitted access to our systems may pose a risk that sensitive data may be exposed to unauthorized persons or to the public. There can be no assurance that our efforts will prevent significant breakdowns, breaches in our systems or other cyber incidents that could have a material adverse effect upon our reputation, business, operations or financial condition of the Company. In addition, significant implementation issues may arise if we consolidate and outsource certain computer operations and application support activities.

Our systems are an integral part of our customers' business operations. It is critical for our customers, that our systems provide a continued and uninterrupted performance. Customers may be dissatisfied by any system failure that interrupts our ability to provide services to them. Sustained or repeated system failures would reduce the attractiveness of our services significantly and could result in decreased demand for our services.

THE U.S. HEALTHCARE SYSTEM IS EVOLVING, AND OUR BUSINESS COULD BE ADVERSELY IMPACTED IF WE FAIL TO ADAPT.

The U.S. healthcare system is evolving, in part in response to the passage of the ACA in 2010. The ACA established the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Innovation to examine alternative payment methodologies and conduct demonstration programs. The ACA provided for extensive health insurance reforms, including the elimination of pre-existing condition exclusions and other limitations on coverage, fixed percentages on medical loss ratios, expansion in Medicaid and other programs, employer mandates, individual mandates, creation of state and regional health insurance exchanges, and tax subsidies for individuals to help cover the cost of individual insurance coverage. The ACA also permits the establishment of ACOs.

President Donald Trump has announced that he favors repealing the ACA. In 2017, the federal legislature undertook efforts to repeal, revise or replace the ACA, and the individual mandate adopted as part of the ACA was repealed. In more recent legislation, some additional aspects of the ACA were modified: another two-year moratorium was implemented on the device tax imposed on the sellers of certain medical devices in the U.S., including those purchased and used by laboratories; the tax on health insurers was delayed for a year; and the "Cadillac tax" on certain employee benefit plans was also delayed for two years. As part of legislation enacted in early 2018, the Independent Payment Advisory Board, which under the ACA was to be responsible annually to submit proposals aimed at reducing Medicare cost growth while preserving quality, was repealed. The scope and timing of any further legislation to repeal, amend, replace, or reform the rest of the ACA is uncertain, but if such legislation were to become law, it could have a significant impact on the U.S. healthcare system. In addition, uncertainty regarding the ACA prior to any such repeal, amendment, replacement or reform could create uncertainty generally in the healthcare market.

Significant change is taking place in the healthcare system. For example, ACOs, IDNs and patient-centered medical homes have grown as a means to deliver patient care. Value-based reimbursement is increasing; CMS has set goals for value-based reimbursement to be achieved. Patients are encouraged to take increased interest in and responsibility for, and often are bearing increased responsibility for payment for, their healthcare. Healthcare industry participants are consolidating. Healthcare services increasingly are being provided by non-traditional providers ( e.g ., physician assistants), in non-traditional venues ( e.g. , retail medical clinics, urgent care centers) and using new technologies ( e.g. , telemedicine). Utilization of the healthcare system is being influenced by several factors, and may result in a decline in the demand for diagnostic information services. We expect that the evolution of the healthcare industry will continue, and such change could be extensive.

WE ARE SUBJECT TO NUMEROUS LEGAL AND REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS GOVERNING OUR ACTIVITIES, AND WE MAY FACE SUBSTANTIAL FINES AND PENALTIES, AND OUR BUSINESS ACTIVITIES MAY BE IMPACTED, IF WE FAIL TO COMPLY.

Our business is subject to or impacted by extensive and frequently changing laws and regulations in the United States (including at both the federal and state levels) and the other jurisdictions in which we engage in business. While we seek to conduct our business in compliance with all applicable laws, many of the laws and regulations applicable to us are vague or indefinite and have not been interpreted by the courts, including many of those relating to:

These laws and regulations may be interpreted or applied by a prosecutorial, regulatory or judicial authority in a manner that could require us to make changes in our operations, including our pricing and/or billing practices. We may not be able to maintain, renew or secure required permits, licenses or any other regulatory approvals needed to operate our business or commercialize our services. If we fail to comply with applicable laws and regulations, or if we fail to maintain, renew or obtain necessary permits, licenses and approvals, we could suffer civil and criminal penalties, fines, exclusion from participation in governmental healthcare programs and the loss of various licenses, certificates and authorizations necessary to operate our business, as well as incur additional liabilities from third-party claims. If any of the foregoing were to occur, our reputation could be damaged and important business relationships with third parties could be adversely affected.

The federal and state governments continue aggressive enforcement efforts against perceived healthcare fraud. Legislative provisions relating to healthcare fraud and abuse provide government enforcement personnel substantial funding, powers, penalties and remedies to pursue suspected cases of fraud and abuse. In addition, the government has substantial leverage in negotiating settlements since the amount of potential damages far exceeds the rates at which we are reimbursed for our services, and the government has the remedy of excluding a non-compliant provider from participation in the Medicare and Medicaid programs. Regardless of merit or eventual outcome, these types of investigations and related litigation can result in:

Although we believe that we are in compliance, in all material respects, with applicable laws and regulations, there can be no assurance that a regulatory agency or tribunal would not reach a different conclusion. Moreover, even when an investigation is resolved favorably, the process may be time-consuming and the legal costs and diversion of management focus may be extensive.

Changes in applicable laws and regulations may result in existing practices becoming more restricted, or subject our existing or proposed services to additional costs, delay, modification, withdrawal or reconsideration. Such changes also could require us to modify our business objectives.

OUR BUSINESS COULD BE ADVERSELY IMPACTED BY THE FDA'S APPROACH TO REGULATION.

The FDA has regulatory responsibility over, among other areas, instruments, software, test kits, reagents and other devices used by clinical laboratories to perform diagnostic testing in the U.S. A number of tests we develop internally are offered as laboratory developed tests (LDTs). The FDA has claimed regulatory authority over all LDTs, but has stated that it exercised enforcement discretion with regard to most LDTs performed by high complexity CLIA-certified laboratories.

Pursuant to the 21st Century Cures Act, the FDA has issued guidance regarding the regulation of clinical decision support software, which may be used in, or in connection with, LDTs. The guidance has created uncertainty regarding whether FDA approval of certain tests is required.

In 2017, the FDA published a "Discussion Document" providing its views on legislative alternatives to regulate LDTs. New legislation could significantly impact the clinical laboratory testing business, including by increasing or modifying the regulation of LDTs, hindering our ability to develop and market new services, causing an increase in the cost of our services, delaying our ability to introduce new tests or hindering our ability to perform testing.

THE CLINICAL TESTING BUSINESS IS HIGHLY COMPETITIVE, AND IF WE FAIL TO PROVIDE AN APPROPRIATELY PRICED LEVEL OF SERVICE OR OTHERWISE FAIL TO COMPETE EFFECTIVELY IT COULD HAVE A MATERIAL ADVERSE EFFECT ON OUR REVENUES AND PROFITABILITY.

The clinical testing business remains a fragmented and highly competitive industry. We primarily compete with three types of clinical testing providers: (i) other commercial clinical laboratories, (ii) hospital-affiliated laboratories and (iii) physician-office laboratories. We also compete with other providers, including anatomic pathology practices and large physician group practices. Hospitals generally maintain on-site laboratories to perform testing on their patients (inpatient or outpatient). In addition, many hospitals compete with commercial clinical laboratories for outreach (non-hospital patients) testing. Hospitals may seek to leverage their relationships with community clinicians and encourage the clinicians to send their outreach testing to the hospital's laboratory. As a result of this affiliation between hospitals and community clinicians, we compete against hospital-affiliated laboratories primarily based on quality and scope of service as well as pricing. In addition, hospitals that own physician practices may require the practices to refer testing to the hospital's laboratory. In recent years, there has been a trend of hospitals acquiring physician practices, increasing the percentage of physician practices owned by hospitals. Increased hospital ownership of physician practices may enhance clinician ties to hospital-affiliated laboratories and thus strengthen their competitive position. The formation of ACOs and IDNs, and their approach to contracts with healthcare providers, in addition to the impact of informatics, also may increase competition to provide diagnostic information services.

The diagnostic information services industry also is faced with changing technology and new product introductions. Competitors may compete using advanced technology, including technology that enables more convenient or cost-effective testing. Competitors also may offer testing to be performed outside of a commercial clinical laboratory, such as (1) point-of-care testing that can be performed by physicians in their offices; (2) advanced testing that can be performed by hospitals in their own laboratories; and (3) home testing that can be carried out without requiring the services of outside providers.

GOVERNMENT PAYERS, SUCH AS MEDICARE AND MEDICAID, HAVE TAKEN STEPS TO REDUCE THE UTILIZATION AND REIMBURSEMENT OF HEALTHCARE SERVICES, INCLUDING CLINICAL TESTING SERVICES.

We face efforts by government payers to reduce utilization of and reimbursement for diagnostic information services. We expect efforts to reduce reimbursements, to impose more stringent cost controls and to reduce utilization of clinical test services will continue.

From time to time, Congress has legislated reductions in, or frozen updates to, the Medicare Clinical Laboratory Fee Schedule. In addition, CMS has adopted policies limiting or excluding coverage for clinical tests that we perform. We also provide physician services that are reimbursed by Medicare under a physician fee schedule, which is subject to adjustment on an annual basis. In recent years, reductions in the Medicare Physician Fee Schedule for anatomic pathology services adversely impacted our business relative to the business of some of our competitors whose anatomic pathology business was not as sizable as ours. Medicaid reimbursement varies by state and is subject to administrative and billing requirements and budget pressures. The ACA includes further provisions that are designed to control utilization and payment levels.

In addition, over the last several years, the federal government has continued to expand its contracts with private health insurance plans for Medicare beneficiaries, called "Medicare Advantage" programs, and has encouraged such beneficiaries to switch from the traditional programs to the private programs. There has been continued growth of health insurance plans offering Medicare Advantage programs, and of beneficiary enrollment in these programs. Also, states have mandated that Medicaid beneficiaries enroll in private managed care arrangements. Recently, state budget pressures have encouraged states to consider several courses of action that may impact our business, such as delaying payments, reducing reimbursement, restricting coverage eligibility, denying claims and service coverage restrictions.

From time to time, the federal government has considered whether competitive bidding could be used to provide clinical testing services for Medicare beneficiaries at attractive rates while maintaining quality and access to care. Congress periodically considers cost-saving initiatives. These initiatives have included coinsurance for clinical testing services, co-payments for clinical testing and further laboratory fee schedule reductions.

PAMA is impacting the diagnostic information services industry. Pursuant to this legislation, CMS has revised the Medicare Clinical Laboratory Fee Schedule for 2018, 2019 and 2020. Under the revised Medicare Clinical Laboratory Fee Schedule, reimbursement for clinical laboratory testing is scheduled to be reduced in 2018, 2019 and 2020. PAMA calls for further revision of the Medicare Clinical Laboratory Fee Schedule for years after 2020, based on future surveys of market rates; further reduction in reimbursement may result from such revisions.

HEALTH PLANS AND OTHER THIRD PARTIES HAVE TAKEN STEPS TO REDUCE THE UTILIZATION AND REIMBURSEMENT OF HEALTH SERVICES, INCLUDING CLINICAL TESTING SERVICES.

We face efforts by non-governmental third-party payers, including health plans, to reduce utilization of and reimbursement for clinical testing services. For example, since the passage of ACA, there is increased market activity regarding alternative payment models, including bundled payment models. We expect continuing efforts by third-party payers, including in their rules, practices and policies, to reduce reimbursements, to impose more stringent cost controls and to reduce utilization of clinical testing services. ACOs and IDNs also may undertake efforts to reduce utilization of, or reimbursement for, diagnostic information services.

The healthcare industry has experienced a trend of consolidation among health insurance plans, resulting in fewer but larger insurance plans with significant bargaining power to negotiate fee arrangements with healthcare providers, including clinical testing providers. These health plans, and independent physician associations, may demand that clinical testing providers accept discounted fee structures or assume all or a portion of the financial risk associated with providing testing services to their members through capitated payment arrangements. In addition, some health plans have been willing to limit the PPO or POS laboratory network to only a single national laboratory to obtain improved fee-for-service pricing; we may cease to be a contracted provider to a health plan. Some health plans also are reviewing test coding, evaluating coverage decisions and requiring preauthorization of certain testing. There are also an increasing number of patients enrolling in consumer driven products and high deductible plans that involve greater patient cost-sharing.

The increased consolidation among health plans also has increased pricing transparency and bargaining power and the potential adverse impact of ceasing to be a contracted provider with any such insurer. The ACA included provisions, including regarding the creation of healthcare exchanges, that may encourage health insurance plans to increase exclusive contracting.

GOVERNMENT PAYERS AND THIRD PARTIES, INCLUDING HEALTH PLANS, MAY NOT RECOGNIZE THE VALUE OF, OR COMPENSATE OR REIMBURSE US FOR, NEW AND INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS.

Government payers and third parties, including health plans, are taking steps to reduce utilization of, and reimbursement for, some new and innovative healthcare solutions, including new tests and other solutions that we may offer.

In 2017, CMS issued a draft national coverage policy for next-generation sequencing cancer panels. The draft policy, were it finalized without change, would effect a de facto requirement that each laboratory test using next generation sequencing technology that would need to be approved or cleared by the FDA before being covered by Medicare. Third parties, including health plans, have not announced any change in approach to coverage for next-generation sequencing cancer panels.

The American Medical Association CPT ® Editorial Panel is continuing its process of establishing new billing codes to replace codes that describe procedures used in performing molecular testing and toxicology testing. The adoption of these codes on certain occasions has led, and could continue to lead, to limited coverage decisions, payment denials or new procedures or conditions for payment. Payment levels for many new codes remain largely unresolved and healthcare providers continue to address implementation of the new codes.

These steps may discourage innovation and access to innovative solutions that we may offer.

FAILURE TO ADEQUATELY PROTECT RECEIPT AND USE OF CONFIDENTIAL HEALTH INFORMATION CONCERNING INDIVIDUALS COULD SUBJECT US TO SIGNIFICANT DAMAGES, FINES OR PENALTIES AND POTENTIAL REPUTATIONAL HARM.

Many aspects of our business involve the collection, transmission and use of an individual's protected health information or other sensitive personal information. In some cases, we also use aggregated and de-identified data as defined by HIPAA for analytical and research purposes, particularly data related to improving the quality of the care we provide.  In other cases, we may provide de-identified data to pharmaceutical manufacturers and to third-party data aggregators where permitted by our contracts. These activities are subject to federal and state privacy and security laws and regulations and, in the future, may be subject to international regulatory requirements such as the General Data Protection Regulation, a new European Union privacy regulation that takes effect on May 25, 2018. At the federal level, HIPAA imposes extensive privacy and security requirements governing the transmission, use and disclosure of health information by all participants in the health care industry, whether directly as a covered entity or as a business associate. Our business encompasses both situations and includes our pharmacists, nurse practitioners and PBM operations. In addition, industry requirements, such as Generally Accepted Privacy Principles may be imposed on us by our contracts with our PBM clients or other customers. Many of our businesses are also subject to the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard, which is a security standard mandated by the credit card industry for the purpose of protecting credit card account data. These increasingly complex laws, regulations and industry requirements are subject to change and compliance with them may result in significant expenses associated with increased operational and compliance costs, particularly as we continue to collect and retain large amounts of information. To the extent that either we or our vendors with whom we share information are found to be out of compliance with applicable laws and regulations or experience a data security breach, we could be subject to additional litigation, regulatory risks and reputational harm. For example, the privacy and security of the information we maintain may be compromised by the actions of outside parties, by employee errors or by malfeasance. Such risks may result in an unauthorized party obtaining access to our data systems thereby threatening the privacy of protected health information or other sensitive personal information we use and maintain. Failure to comply with federal or state statutes or regulations may result in criminal penalties and civil sanctions. In addition, failure to comply with our own privacy or security policies may result in sanctions by the FTC or other federal oversight agencies. Future regulations and legislation that severely restrict or prohibit our use of patient, member or customer identifiable or other information could limit our ability to use information critical to the operation of our business. Furthermore, if we violate a patient's privacy or are found to have violated any federal or state statute or regulation with regard to confidentiality or dissemination or use of PHI, we could be liable for significant damages, fines or penalties and suffer reputational harm, any one of which could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

OUR BUSINESS COULD BE NEGATIVELY AFFECTED IF WE ARE UNABLE TO CONTINUE TO IMPROVE OUR EFFICIENCY.

It is important that we continue to improve our efficiency to enable us to mitigate the impact on our profitability of steps taken by government payers and health insurers to reduce the utilization and reimbursement of healthcare services, including diagnostic information services.

BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES ARE INHERENTLY RISKY, AND INTEGRATING OUR OPERATIONS WITH BUSINESSES WE ACQUIRE MAY BE DIFFICULT.

We may plan selectively to enhance our business from time to time through business development activities, such as acquisitions, licensing, investments and alliances. However, these plans are subject to the availability of appropriate opportunities and competition from other companies seeking similar opportunities. Moreover, the success of any such effort may be affected by a number of factors, including our ability to properly assess and value the potential business opportunity, and to integrate it into our business. The success of our strategic alliances depends not only on our contributions and capabilities, but also on the property, resources, efforts and skills contributed by our strategic partners. Further, disputes may arise with strategic partners, due to conflicting priorities or conflicts of interests.

Each potential acquisition involves the integration of a separate company that has different systems, processes, policies and cultures. Integration of acquisitions involves a number of risks including the diversion of management's attention to the assimilation of the operations of businesses we have acquired, difficulties in the integration of operations and systems and the realization of potential operating synergies, the assimilation and retention of the personnel of the acquired companies, challenges in retaining the customers of the combined businesses, and potential adverse effects on operating results. The process of combining companies may be disruptive to our businesses and may cause an interruption of, or a loss of momentum in, such businesses as a result of the following difficulties, among others:

If we are unable successfully to integrate strategic acquisitions in a timely manner, our business and our growth strategies could be negatively affected. Even if we are able to successfully complete the integration of the operations of other companies or businesses we may acquire in the future, we may not be able to realize all or any of the benefits that we expect to result from such integration, either in monetary terms or in a timely manner.

FAILURE TO ACCURATELY BILL FOR OUR SERVICES, OR TO COMPLY WITH APPLICABLE LAWS RELATING TO GOVERNMENT HEALTHCARE PROGRAMS, COULD HAVE A MATERIAL ADVERSE EFFECT ON OUR BUSINESS.

Billing for diagnostic information services is complex and subject to extensive and non-uniform rules and administrative requirements. Depending on the billing arrangement and applicable law, we bill various payers, such as patients, insurance companies, Medicare, Medicaid, clinicians, hospitals and employer groups. The majority of billing and related operations for our Company are being provided by a third party under the Company's oversight. Failure to accurately bill for our services could have a material adverse effect on our business. In addition, failure to comply with applicable laws relating to billing government healthcare programs may result in various consequences, including: (1) exclusion from participation in Medicare/Medicaid programs; (2) asset forfeitures; (3) civil and criminal fines and penalties; and (4) the loss of various licenses, certificates and authorizations necessary to operate our business.

FAILURE IN OUR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SYSTEMS, INCLUDING FAILURES RESULTING FROM OUR SYSTEMS CONVERSIONS, COULD DISRUPT OUR OPERATIONS AND CAUSE THE LOSS OF CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION, CUSTOMERS AND BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES OR OTHERWISE ADVERSELY IMPACT OUR BUSINESS.

IT systems are used extensively in virtually all aspects of our business, including clinical testing, test reporting, billing, customer service, logistics and management of medical data. Our success depends, in part, on the continued and uninterrupted performance of our IT systems. IT systems may be vulnerable to damage, disruptions and shutdown from a variety of sources, including telecommunications or network failures, system conversion or standardization initiatives, human acts and natural disasters.

OUR IT SYSTEMS MAY BE SUBJECT TO UNAUTHORIZED TAMPERING, CYBER ATTACK OR OTHER SECURITY BREACH.

Unauthorized persons may seek to obtain intellectual property and other confidential information that we house on our IT systems. We have taken, and continue to take, precautionary measures to reduce the risk of, better detect and respond to future cyber threats, and prevent or minimize vulnerabilities in our IT systems, including the loss or theft of intellectual property and other confidential information that we house on our systems. Breaches of our network or data security could disrupt the security of our internal systems and business applications, impair our ability to provide services to our customers, compromise intellectual property or confidential information or otherwise adversely impact our business. There can be no assurances that our precautionary measures will prevent or successfully defend against cyber threats that could have a significant impact on our business.

FAILURE TO DEVELOP, OR ACQUIRE LICENSES FOR, NEW TESTS, TECHNOLOGY AND SERVICES COULD NEGATIVELY IMPACT OUR TESTING VOLUME AND REVENUES.

The diagnostic information services industry is faced with changing technology and new product introductions. Other companies or individuals, including our competitors, may obtain patents or other property rights that would prevent, limit or interfere with our ability to develop, perform or sell our solutions or operate our business or increase our costs. In addition, they could introduce new tests, technologies or services that may result in a decrease in the demand for our services or cause us to reduce the prices of our services. Our success in continuing to introduce new solutions, technology and services will depend, in part, on our ability to license new and improved technologies on favorable terms. We may be unable to develop or introduce new solutions or services. We also may be unable to negotiate acceptable licensing arrangements, and arrangements that we do conclude may not yield commercially successful clinical tests. If we are unable to license these testing methods at competitive rates, our research and development costs may increase as a result. In addition, if we are unable to develop and introduce, or license, new solutions, technology and services to expand our advanced testing capabilities, our services may become outdated when compared with our competition.

Any of these events could have a significant impact on our business.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW, MORE COST-EFFECTIVE SOLUTIONS THAT CAN BE PERFORMED BY OUR CUSTOMERS OR BY PATIENTS, AND THE CONTINUED INTERNALIZATION OF TESTING BY HOSPITALS OR PHYSICIANS, COULD NEGATIVELY IMPACT OUR TESTING VOLUME AND REVENUES.

The diagnostic information services industry is faced with changing technology and new product introductions, including technology that enables more convenient or cost-effective testing. Competitors also may offer testing to be performed outside of a commercial clinical laboratory, such as (1) point-of-care testing that can be performed by clinicians in their offices; (2) complex testing that can be performed by hospitals in their own laboratories; and (3) home testing that can be carried out without requiring the services of outside providers. Advances in technology also may lead to the need for less frequent testing. Further, diagnostic tests approved or cleared by the FDA for home use are automatically deemed to be "waived" tests under CLIA and may be performed by patients in their homes; test kit manufacturers could seek to increase sales to patients of such test kits.

Some traditional customers for anatomic pathology services, including specialty physicians that generate biopsies through surgical procedures, such as dermatologists, gastroenterologists, urologists and oncologists, have added in-office histology labs or have retained pathologists to read cases on site. Hospitals also are internalizing clinical laboratory testing, including some non-routine and advanced testing. Internalization of testing may reduce demand for services previously referred to outside service providers, such as the Company.

OUR ABILITY TO ATTRACT AND RETAIN QUALIFIED EMPLOYEES IS CRITICAL TO THE SUCCESS OF OUR BUSINESS AND THE FAILURE TO DO SO MAY MATERIALLY ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR PERFORMANCE.

Our people are a critical resource. The supply of qualified personnel may be limited and competition for qualified employees is strong. We may lose, or fail to attract and retain, key management personnel, or qualified skilled technical or professional employees.

FAILURE TO ESTABLISH, AND PERFORM TO, APPROPRIATE QUALITY STANDARDS TO ASSURE THAT THE APPROPRIATE STANDARD OF QUALITY IS OBSERVED IN THE PERFORMANCE OF OUR DIAGNOSTIC INFORMATION SERVICES COULD ADVERSELY AFFECT THE RESULTS OF OUR OPERATIONS AND ADVERSELY IMPACT OUR REPUTATION.

The provision of diagnostic information services involves certain inherent risks. The services that we provide are intended to provide information for healthcare providers in providing patient care. Therefore, users of our services may have a greater sensitivity to errors than the users of services or products that are intended for other purposes.

Negligence in performing our services can lead to injury or other adverse events. We may be sued under physician liability or other liability law for acts or omissions by our pathologists, laboratory personnel and hospital employees who are under the supervision of our hospital-based pathologists. We are subject to the attendant risk of substantial damages awards and risk to our reputation.

OUR OPERATIONS AND REPUTATION MAY BE IMPAIRED IF WE DO NOT COMPLY WITH PRIVACY LAWS OR INFORMATION SECURITY POLICIES.

In our business, we generate or maintain sensitive information, such as patient data and other personal information. If we do not adequately safeguard that information and it were to become available to persons or entities that should not have access to it, our business could be impaired, our reputation could suffer and we could be subject to fines, penalties and litigation. We may be subject to litigation and governmental investigation, and may suffer reputational damage, as a result of a data breach, which could have an adverse impact on our business.

OUR REVENUES WILL BE DEPENDENT UPON ACCEPTANCE OF OUR SERVICES BY THE MARKET. THE FAILURE OF SUCH ACCEPTANCE WILL CAUSE US TO CURTAIL OR CEASE OPERATIONS.

Our revenues are expected to come from our services. As a result, we will continue to incur operating losses until such time as revenues reach a mature level and we are able to generate sufficient revenues from our services to meet our operating expenses. There can be no assurance that patients will adopt our services. In the event that we are not able to market and significantly increase the number of patients that utilize our services, or if we are unable to charge the necessary prices, our financial condition and results of operations will be materially and adversely affected.

WE MIGHT INCUR SUBSTANTIAL EXPENSE TO FURTHER DEVELOP OUR SERVICES WHICH MAY NEVER BECOME SUFFICIENTLY SUCCESSFUL.

Our growth strategy requires the successful launch of our services. Although management will take every precaution to ensure that our services will, with a high degree of likelihood, achieve commercial success, there can be no assurance that this will be the case. The causes for failure of our services once commercialized can be numerous, including:

LIABILITY ISSUES ARE INHERENT IN THE HEALTHCARE INDUSTRY AND INSURANCE IS EXPENSIVE AND DIFFICULT TO OBTAIN; WE MAY BE EXPOSED TO LARGE LAWSUITS.

Our business exposes us to potential liability risks, which are inherent in the healthcare industry. While we will take precautions we deem to be appropriate to avoid liability suits against us, there can be no assurance that we will be able to avoid significant liability exposure. Liability insurance for the healthcare industry is generally expensive. There can be no assurance that we will be able to obtain, and then maintain, such coverage on acceptable terms, or that any insurance policy will provide adequate protection against potential claims. A successful liability claim brought against us may exceed any insurance coverage secured by us and could have a material adverse effect on our results or ability to continue our platform.

WE OPERATE IN A HIGHLY COMPETITIVE INDUSTRY.

We may encounter competition from local, regional or national entities, some of which have superior resources or other competitive advantages in the larger physical therapy space. Intense competition may adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. These competitors may be larger and more highly capitalized, with greater name recognition. We will compete with such companies on brand name, quality of services, level of expertise, advertising, product and service innovation and differentiation of product and services. As a result, our ability to secure significant market share may be impeded. Although we believe our services will enable us to service more patients than traditional providers, if these more established offices or providers start offering similar services to ours, their name recognition or experience may enable them to capture a greater market share.

WE MAY BE SUBJECT TO FALSE OR FRAUDULENT CLAIM LAWS

There are numerous federal and state laws that forbid submission of false information or the failure to disclose information in connection with submission and payment of physician claims for reimbursement. In some cases, these laws also forbid abuse of existing systems for such submission and payment. Any failure of our services to comply with these laws and regulations could result in substantial liability including, but not limited to, criminal liability, which could adversely affect demand for our services and could force us to expend significant capital, research and development and other resources to address the failure. Errors by us or our systems with respect to entry, formatting, preparation or transmission of claim information may be determined or alleged to be in violation of these laws and regulations. Determination by a court or regulatory agency that our services violate these laws could subject us to civil or criminal penalties, invalidate all or portions of some of our client contracts, require us to change or terminate some portions of our business, require us to refund portions of our services fees, cause us to be disqualified from serving clients doing business with government payers, any of which could have an adverse effect on our business.

IF OUR PRODUCTS FAIL TO COMPLY WITH EVOLVING GOVERNMENT AND INDUSTRY STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS, WE MAY HAVE DIFFICULTY SELLING OUR PRODUCTS

We may be subject to additional federal and state statutes and regulations in connection with offering services and products via the Internet. On an increasingly frequent basis, federal and state legislators are proposing laws and regulations that apply to Internet commerce and communications. Areas being affected by these regulations include user privacy, pricing, content, taxation, copyright protection, distribution, and quality of products and services. To the extent that our products and services are subject to these laws and regulations, and fail to comply, the sale of our products and services could be harmed.

WE MAY BE UNABLE TO SUCCESSFULLY INTEGRATE COMPANIES ACQUIRED BY US.

Upon the closing of any acquisition we complete, we will need to successfully integrate the products, services and related assets, as well as internal controls into our business operations. If an acquisition is consummated, the integration of the acquired business, its products, services and related assets into our company may also be complex and time-consuming and, if the integration is not fully successful, we may not achieve the anticipated benefits, operating and cost synergies or growth opportunities of an acquisition. Potential difficulties that may be encountered in the integration process include the following:

An inability to realize the full extent of the anticipated benefits, operating and cost synergies, innovations and operations efficiencies or growth opportunities of an acquisition, as well as any delays encountered in the integration process, could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operation. Furthermore, these acquisitions, even if successfully integrated, may fail to further our business strategy as anticipated, expose us to increased competition or challenges with respect to our products, services or geographic markets, and expose us to additional liabilities associated with an acquired business including risks and liabilities associated with litigation involving the acquired business. Any one of these challenges or risks could impair our ability to realize any benefit from our acquisitions after we have expended resources on them.

Our operations may be adversely impacted by the effect of trends in the U.S. healthcare system.

Our operations may be adversely impacted by the effects in the utilization of the healthcare system in the United States. Our operations also may be adversely impacted by the recent trend to increased patient responsibility for payment for healthcare services, including laboratory services.

Changes in payer regulations or policies, or in the interpretation of current regulations or policies, insurance regulation or approvals or changes in other laws, regulations or policies may adversely affect governmental and third-party coverage and reimbursement for clinical laboratory testing and may have a material adverse effect upon the Company.

Reductions in the reimbursement rates and changes in payment policies of third-party payers may occur. Such changes in the past have resulted in reduced payments as well as added costs and have decreased test utilization for the clinical laboratory industry by adding more complex new regulatory and administrative requirements. Actions by agencies regulating insurance or changes in other laws, regulations, or policies may also have a material adverse effect upon our business.

Our business could be harmed from the loss or suspension of a license or imposition of a fine or penalties, or future changes in, or changing interpretations of, the law or regulations of the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Act of 1967, the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988, or the FDA or other federal, state or local agencies.

The clinical laboratory testing industry is subject to extensive federal and state regulation, and many of these statutes and regulations have not been interpreted by the courts. The Clinical Laboratory Improvement Act of 1967 and the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 are federal regulatory standards that apply to virtually all clinical laboratories (regardless of the location, size or type of laboratory), including those operated by physicians in their offices, requiring that they be certified under federal law. CLIA does not pre-empt state law, which in some cases may be more stringent than federal law and require additional personnel qualifications, quality control, record maintenance and proficiency testing. The sanction for failure to comply with CLIA and state requirements may be suspension, revocation or limitation of a laboratory's CLIA certificate, which is necessary to conduct business, as well as significant fines and/or criminal penalties. Several states have similar laws and we may be subject to similar penalties. We cannot assure that applicable statutes and regulations will not be interpreted or applied by a prosecutorial, regulatory or judicial authority in a manner that would adversely affect our business. Potential sanctions for violation of these statutes and regulations include significant fines and the suspension or loss of various licenses, certificates and authorizations, which could have a material adverse effect on our business. In addition, compliance with future legislation could impose additional requirements on us, which may be costly.

Failure by facilities, third party payers or physicians to comply with the ICD-10-Cm Code Set could negatively impact reimbursement, profitability, and cash flow and thereby affect Company revenues for the services we provide.

The Company believes that the facilities it may provide services to will remain in compliance with all material aspects with the current transactions and code sets rule. The failure of such facilities, third party payers or physicians to apply any code set could have an adverse impact on reimbursement, days sales outstanding and cash collections and materially impact our ability to be paid for services.

Failure to comply with privacy and security laws and regulations could result in fines, penalties and damage to the Company's reputation, WHICH could have a material adverse effect upon the Company's business.

The HIPAA privacy and security regulations, including the expanded requirements under HITECH, establish comprehensive standards with respect to the use and disclosure of protected health information ("PHI") by covered entities, in addition to setting standards to protect the confidentiality, integrity and security of PHI. The regulations establish a complex regulatory framework on a variety of subjects, including:

We receive certain personal and financial information about our clients and their patients. In addition, we depend upon the secure transmission of confidential information over public networks. The Company has implemented policies and procedures designed to comply with the HIPAA privacy and security requirements as applicable. The privacy and security regulations establish a "floor" and do not supersede state laws that are more stringent. Therefore, the Company is required to comply with both additional federal privacy and security regulations and varying state privacy and security laws. In addition, for data transfers from and operations in other countries, the Company may also be required to comply with the data privacy and security laws of those other countries. HIPAA restricts the Company's ability to use or disclose patient identifiable laboratory data without patient authorization for purposes other than payment, treatment or healthcare operations (as defined by HIPAA), except for disclosures for various public policy purposes and other permitted purposes outlined in the privacy regulations. HIPAA, as amended by HITECH, provides for significant fines and other penalties for wrongful use or disclosure of PHI in violation of the privacy and security regulations, including potential civil and criminal fines and penalties. In addition, foreign, federal and state laws that protect the privacy and security of patient information may be subject to enforcement and interpretations by various governmental authorities and courts resulting in complex compliance issues.

A failure to obtain and retain facility clients, a loss of existing facility client or material contracts, a reduction in tests ordered or specimens submitted by existing facility client, or the inability to retain existing and create new relationships with health systems could impact the Company's ability to successfully grow its business.

To offset efforts by payers to reduce the cost and utilization of clinical laboratory services and to otherwise maintain and grow it business, the facilities services by the Company shall or may need to obtain and retain new customers and business partners. A reduction in tests ordered or specimens submitted by existing as germane to such facilities serviced by the Company, a decrease in demand for the services from existing clients, or the loss of existing contracts, without offsetting growth in its serviced facility customer base, could impact the company's ability to successfully grow its business and could have a material adverse impact on the Company's net revenues and profitability. The Company competes primarily on the basis of the quality of services and the Company's failure to successfully compete on any of these factors could result in the loss of customers and a reduction in the Company's ability to expand its customer base.

RISKS RELATED TO OUR COMPANY AND INNOVATIONS BUSINESS

THE PRICE OF WOODY BIOMASS AND OTHER RENEWABLE FEEDSTOCK COULD INCREASE OR BECOME VOLATILE, OR THEIR AVAILABILITY COULD BE REDUCED, WHICH WOULD INCREASE THE PRODUCTION COSTS OF OUR CELLULOSIC GASOLINE AND DIESEL.

The price of woody biomass and other renewable feedstock may increase or become volatile due to changes in demand, such as the increased use of such feedstock in the generation of renewable electricity. Such changes would result in higher feedstock prices and/or a significant decrease in the volume of woody biomass and other renewable feedstock available for the production of the cellulosic gasoline and diesel we plan to sell, which could adversely affect our business and results of operations.

WE ARE VULNERABLE TO DISRUPTIONS TO OUR RENEWABLE FUEL PRODUCTION OPERATIONS BECAUSE ALL OUR PRODUCTION OPERATIONS EXIST IN A SINGLE FACILITY.

Because all of our production operations currently exist in a single facility in Wausau, Wisconsin, significant and prolonged disruptions at the facility would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Our Wausau, Wisconsin facility is our only existing production facility and it is being brought to an idle state while we focus on the achievement of additional research and development milestones and financing. During the facility's early years of production and until the facility stabilizes operationally, the facility may be more susceptible to start-ups and shutdowns that will disrupt and delay our production activities for significant time periods. We may experience a number of such disruptions and delays. We do not know when or if we will achieve stable operations at the facility and this largely depends on our obtaining financing to fund ongoing operations, to fund the completion of our optimization projects and upgrades, and to restart operations at the facility. Even if we achieve steady-state operations at the facility, we will be required to perform periodic maintenance and turnarounds at the facility. All or a significant portion of the facility may be disrupted during maintenance or a turnaround. These disruptions will make any future revenue and cash flows unpredictable.

Our operations also may be disrupted by external events such as an interruption of electricity, natural gas, water treatment or other utilities. Other potentially disruptive events include natural disasters, severe weather conditions, workplace or environmental accidents, mechanical failure, fires, explosions, interruptions of supply, work stoppage, losses of permits or authorizations or acts of terrorism. Some of these events can cause personal injury and loss of life, severe damage to or destruction of property and equipment and environmental damage, and may result in suspension or cessation of operations and the imposition of civil or criminal penalties. We can provide no assurance that we will not incur losses related to these or other events beyond the limits or outside the coverage of our insurance policies. Further, disruptions to our operations could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations during the period of time that the facility is not operating.

WE MAY NOT BE SUCCESSFUL IN CONVERTING TO ANOTHER FUEL SOURCE, AND EVEN IF IT IS SUCCESSFUL, THERE WILL BE OTHER RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH OTHER FUEL SOURCES .

There are additional technology and regulatory issues when considering biomass as an energy source. You therefore should not assume that we will be able to convert its plant to natural gas or to biomass, or on economical terms.

Even if we successfully implement the conversion, we will still face regulatory and other risks related to natural gas and biomass. For example, there will still be air permit and emission limits requirements and issues that will need to be met by us. As another example, we will need to be able to secure adequate sources of supply of natural gas or biomass and at an economical price, and from reputable third parties. Some of the other possible biomass energy sources, such as lignin or woodwastes, may vary in availability from time to time due to various factors, such as the economic circumstances of the industry in question. Some of these other risks are not as equally applicable to coal.

COMPLIANCE WITH ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS, INCLUDING CHANGES TO SUCH LAWS, COULD ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.

Our waste and energy services businesses are subject to extensive environmental laws and regulations by federal, state, local and foreign authorities, primarily relating to air, waste (including residual ash from combustion) and water. Costs relating to compliance with these laws and regulations are material to our business. If our businesses fail to comply with these regulations, our cash flow and profitability could be adversely affected, and we could be subject to civil or criminal liability, damages and fines.

In addition, lawsuits or enforcement actions by federal, state, local and/or foreign regulatory agencies may materially increase our costs. Stricter environmental regulation of air emissions, solid waste handling or combustion, residual ash handling and disposal, and waste water discharge could materially affect our cash flow and profitability. Certain environmental laws make us potentially liable on a joint and several basis for the remediation of contamination at or emanating from properties or facilities we currently or formerly owned or operated or properties to which we arranged for the disposal of hazardous substances. Such liability is not limited to the cleanup of contamination we actually caused. We cannot provide any assurance that we will not incur liability relating to the remediation of contamination, including contamination we did not cause.

Existing environmental laws and regulations have been and could be revised or reinterpreted, and future changes in environmental laws and regulations are expected to occur. This may materially increase the amount we must invest to bring our facilities into compliance, impose additional expense on our operations, limit our ability to operate at capacity, or at all, or otherwise impose structural changes to markets which would adversely affect our competitive positioning in those markets.

CHANGES IN PUBLIC POLICIES AND LEGISLATIVE INITIATIVES COULD MATERIALLY AFFECT OUR BUSINESS AND PROSPECTS.

There has been substantial debate recently in the United States and abroad in the context of environmental and energy policies affecting climate change, the outcome of which could have a positive or negative influence on our existing business and our prospects for growing our business. Congress and several states have considered legislation and/or regulations designed to increase the proportion of the nation's electricity that is generated from technologies considered "clean" or "renewable", through mandatory generation levels, tax incentives, and other means. For those sources of greenhouse gas emissions that are unable to meet the required limitations, such legislation could impose substantial financial burdens. The Trump administration has indicated that it generally favors traditional energy technologies. Our business and future prospects could be adversely affected if renewable technologies we use were either (i) disfavored in any new laws or regulations pursued by the Trump administration, or (ii) not included among those technologies identified in any final laws or regulations as favoring renewable technologies, or not included in the state plans to reduce carbon emissions, and therefore not entitled to the benefits of such laws, regulations, or plans. Further, if penalties for oil- or fuel-related pollution are reduced, regulations are reduced or waivers or credits become more readily available, the benefits of Innovations' environment-friendly technology could be minimized, resulting in reduced demand.

RISKS RELATED TO OUR COMPANY AND OUR WASTE BUSINESS

WE ARE SUBJECT TO ENVIRONMENTAL AND SAFETY LAWS, WHICH RESTRICT OUR OPERATIONS AND INCREASE OUR COSTS.

We are subject to extensive federal, state and local laws and regulations relating to environmental protection and occupational safety and health. These include, among other things, laws and regulations governing the use, treatment, storage and disposal of wastes and materials, air quality, water quality and the remediation of contamination associated with the release of hazardous substances. Our compliance with existing regulatory requirements is costly, and continued changes in these regulations could increase our compliance costs. Government laws and regulations often require us to enhance or replace our equipment. We are required to obtain and maintain permits that are subject to strict regulatory requirements and are difficult and costly to obtain and maintain. We may be unable to implement price increases sufficient to offset the cost of complying with these laws and regulations. In addition, regulatory changes could accelerate or increase expenditures for closure and post-closure monitoring at solid waste facilities and obligate us to spend sums over the amounts that we have accrued. In order to develop, expand or operate a landfill or other waste management facility, we must have various facility permits and other governmental approvals, including those relating to zoning, environmental protection and land use. The permits and approvals are often difficult, time consuming and costly to obtain and could contain conditions that limit our operations.

WE MAY BECOME SUBJECT TO ENVIRONMENTAL CLEAN-UP COSTS OR LITIGATION THAT COULD CURTAIL OUR BUSINESS OPERATIONS AND MATERIALLY DECREASE OUR EARNINGS.

CERCLA, and analogous state laws provide for the remediation of contaminated facilities and impose strict joint and several liability for remediation costs on current and former owners or operators of a facility at which there has been a release or a threatened release of a hazardous substance. This liability is also imposed on persons who arrange for the disposal of and who transport such substances to the facility. Hundreds of substances are defined as hazardous under CERCLA and their presence, even in small amounts, can result in substantial liability. The expense of conducting a cleanup can be significant. Notwithstanding our efforts to comply with applicable regulations and to avoid transporting and receiving hazardous substances, we may have liability because these substances may be present in waste collected by us. The actual costs for these liabilities could be significantly greater than the amounts that we might be required to accrue on our financial statements from time to time.

In addition to the costs of complying with environmental regulations, we may incur costs to defend against litigation brought by government agencies and private parties. As a result, we may be required to pay fines or our permits and licenses may be modified or revoked. We may in the future be a defendant in lawsuits brought by governmental agencies and private parties who assert claims alleging environmental damage, personal injury, property damage and/or violations of permits and licenses by us. A significant judgment against us, the loss of a significant permit or license or the imposition of a significant fine could curtail our business operations and may decrease our earnings.

OUR BUSINESS IS CAPITAL INTENSIVE, REQUIRING ONGOING CASH OUTLAYS THAT MAY STRAIN OR CONSUME OUR AVAILABLE CAPITAL AND FORCE US TO SELL ASSETS, INCUR DEBT, OR SELL EQUITY ON UNFAVORABLE TERMS.

Our ability to remain competitive, grow and maintain operations largely depends on our cash flow from operations and access to capital. Maintaining our existing operations and expanding them through internal growth or acquisitions requires large capital expenditures. As we undertake more acquisitions and further expand our operations, the amount we expend on capital will increase. These increases in expenditures may result in lower levels of working capital or require us to finance working capital deficits. We intend to continue to fund our cash needs through cash flow from operations and borrowings under our credit facility, if necessary. However, we may require additional equity or debt financing to fund our growth.

We do not have complete control over our future performance because it is subject to general economic, political, financial, competitive, legislative, regulatory and other factors. It is possible that our business may not generate sufficient cash flow from operations, and we may not otherwise have the capital resources, to allow us to make necessary capital expenditures. If this occurs, we may have to sell assets, restructure our debt or obtain additional equity capital, which could be dilutive to our stockholders. We may not be able to take any of the foregoing actions, and we may not be able to do so on terms favorable to us or our stockholders.

THE COMPANY'S FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH THE RESTRICTIVE COVENANTS AND OTHER OBLIGATIONS UNDER THE CREDIT AGREEMENT MAY RESULT IN THE FORECLOSURE OF THE COMPANY'S OR ITS SUBSIDIARIES' PLEDGED ASSETS AND OTHER ADVERSE CONSEQUENCES.

Pursuant to the current Credit Agreement, the Lenders have agreed to extend certain credit facilities to the Company, in an aggregate amount not to exceed $89,100,000, consisting of $65,500,000 aggregate principal amount of Tranche A Term Loans (the "Tranche A Term Loans"), $8,600,000 aggregate principal amount of Tranche B Term Loans (the "Tranche B Term Loans"), $10,000,000 aggregate principal amount of MultiDraw Term Loans (the "MDTL Term Loans"), and up to $5,000,000 aggregate principal amount of Revolving Loans (the "Revolving Loans " and, together with the Tranche A Term Loans, Tranche B Term Loans and the MDTL Term Loans, the "Loans"). As of December 31, 2016, we had an outstanding principal balance of $43,195,000 under the Loans as in effect at such time, which is secured by a first position security interest in substantially all of the Company's assets in favor of Goldman Sachs Specialty Group, LP ("GS"), as collateral agent, for the benefit of the lenders and other secured parties. The Credit Agreement requires us to comply with a number of covenants, including restrictive covenants that limit our ability to, among other things: incur additional indebtedness; create or permit liens on assets; make investments; and pay dividends. A breach of any of these covenants or our inability to comply with the required financial ratios set forth in the Credit Agreement and related documents or the occurrence of certain other specified events could result in an event of default under the Credit Agreement (an "Event of Default"). Events of Default under the Credit Agreement also include, without limitation, the Company's failure to make payments when due, defaults under other agreements, bankruptcy, changes of control and termination of a material contract. Due to our recent failures to comply with the leverage ratio and certain other covenants required under the Prior Credit Agreement, we entered into several amendments thereto. Any future Event(s) of Default under the Credit Agreement, could result in the acceleration of all or a substantial portion of our debt, potential foreclosure on our assets and other adverse consequences.

IF THE COMPANY IS NOT ABLE TO MAINTAIN CERTAIN LEVERAGE RATIOS SET FORTH IN THE CREDIT AGREEMENT, WE ME BE UNABLE TO DRAW DOWN ADDITIONAL FUNDS PURSUANT TO THE CREDIT AGREEMENT, AND AS A RESULT, WE MAY NEED TO SEEK OTHER SOURCES OF CAPITAL, WHICH COULD BE ON LESS FAVORABLE TERMS.

As a result of the Company's failure historically to comply with the leverage ratio under the Prior Credit Agreement, the Company was able to draw down additional funds under the Prior Credit Agreement solely as the result of the execution of the Fourth Amendment. Although the Credit Agreement currently provides for increased leverage ratios, in the future, the Company may not be able to draw down additional funds pursuant to the Credit Agreement until such time as either such leverage ratio complies with the requirements of the Credit Agreement and the Company can show that it reasonably expects to be in pro forma compliance with such ratios or the requisite lenders under the Credit Agreement waive such requirement or otherwise consent to advance additional funds (the Lenders under our Credit Agreement having no requirement to grant such a consent or waiver and there can be no assurance that any such consent or waiver would be forthcoming). Due to certain unanticipated delays in integration of landfill operations, including due to flooding in the St. Louis area in December 2015, the Company had historically not been able to maintain the leverage ratios set forth in the Prior Credit Agreement. The Company's ability to maintain leverage ratios under the Credit Agreement may be beyond the Company's control. If the Company is unable to draw down additional funds pursuant to the Credit Agreement, it may be required to seek other sources of capital, and such capital may only be available on terms that are substantially less favorable than the terms of the Credit Agreement.

WE DEPEND ON A LIMITED NUMBER OF CUSTOMERS FOR OUR REVENUE.

At this time, the Company has a municipal contract that accounts for 11% of our long term contracted revenues for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016. Because we depend on this customer for a large portion of our revenue, a loss of this customer could materially adversely affect our business and financial condition. If this customer were to cease using our services, our business could be materially adversely affected.

GOVERNMENTAL AUTHORITIES MAY ENACT CLIMATE CHANGE REGULATIONS THAT COULD INCREASE OUR COSTS TO OPERATE.

Environmental advocacy groups and regulatory agencies in the United States have been focusing considerable attention on the emissions of greenhouse gases and their potential role in climate change. Congress has considered recent proposed legislation directed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions and President Obama had indicated his support of legislation aimed at reducing greenhouse gases. EPA has proposed rules to regulate greenhouse gases, regional initiatives have formed to control greenhouse gases and certain of the states in which we operate are contemplating air pollution control regulations that are more stringent than existing and proposed federal regulations, in particular the regulation of emissions of greenhouse gases. The adoption of laws and regulations to implement controls of greenhouse gases, including the imposition of fees or taxes, could adversely affect our collection operations. Changing environmental regulations could require us to take any number of actions, including the purchase of emission allowances or installation of additional pollution control technology, and could make some operations less profitable, which could adversely affect our results of operations.

OUR OPERATIONS ARE SUBJECT TO ENVIRONMENTAL, HEALTH AND SAFETY LAWS AND REGULATIONS, AS WELL AS CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS THAT MAY RESULT IN SIGNIFICANT LIABILITIES.

We risk incurring significant environmental liabilities in connection with our use, treatment, storage, transfer and disposal of waste materials. Under applicable environmental laws and regulations, we could be liable if our operations are found to cause environmental damage to our properties or to the property of other landowners, particularly as a result of the contamination of air, drinking water or soil. Under current law, we could also be held liable for damage caused by conditions that existed before we acquired the assets or operations involved. This risk is of particular concern as we execute our growth strategy, partially though acquisitions, because we may be unsuccessful in identifying and assessing potential liabilities during our due diligence investigations. Further, the counterparties in such transactions may be unable to perform their indemnification obligations owed to us. Additionally, we could be liable if we arrange for the transportation, disposal or treatment of hazardous substances that cause environmental contamination, or if a predecessor owner made such arrangements and, under applicable law, we are treated as a successor to the prior owner. Any substantial liability for environmental damage could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

OUR BUSINESS IS SUBJECT TO OPERATIONAL AND SAFETY RISKS, INCLUDING THE RISK OF PERSONAL INJURY TO EMPLOYEES AND OTHERS.

Providing environmental and waste management services, including operating landfills, involves risks such as vehicular accidents and equipment defects, malfunctions and failures. Additionally, there are risks associated with waste mass instability and releases of hazardous materials or odors. There may also be risks presented by the potential for subsurface chemical reactions causing elevated landfill temperatures and increased production of leachate, landfill gas and odors. Any of these risks could potentially result in injury or death of employees and others, a need to shut down or reduce operation of facilities, increased operating expense and exposure to liability for pollution and other environmental damage, and property damage or destruction.

While we seek to minimize our exposure to such risks through comprehensive training, compliance and response and recovery programs, as well as vehicle and equipment maintenance programs, if we were to incur substantial liabilities in excess of any applicable insurance, our business, results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected. Any such incidents could also adversely impact our reputation and reduce the value of our brand. Additionally, a major operational failure, even if suffered by a competitor, may bring enhanced scrutiny and regulation of our industry, with a corresponding increase in operating expense.

INCREASES IN THE COSTS OF FUEL MAY REDUCE OUR OPERATING MARGINS.

The price and supply of fuel needed to run our collection vehicles is unpredictable and fluctuates based on events outside our control, including geopolitical developments, supply and demand for oil and gas, actions by OPEC and other oil and gas producers, war and unrest in oil producing countries, regional production patterns and environmental concerns. Any significant price escalations or reductions in the supply could increase our operating expenses or interrupt or curtail our operations. Failure to offset all or a portion of any increased fuel costs through increased fees or charges would reduce our operating margins.

CHANGES IN INTEREST RATES WOULD AFFECT OUR PROFITABILITY.

Our acquisitions could require us to incur substantial additional indebtedness in the future, which will increase our interest expense. Further, to the extent that these borrowings are subject to variable rates of interest, increases in interest rates will increase our interest expense, which will affect our profitability. We bear exposure to, and are primarily affected by, changes in LIBOR rates.

INCREASES IN THE COSTS OF DISPOSAL MAY REDUCE OUR OPERATING MARGINS.

In 2016, we disposed of approximately 70% of the waste that we collect in landfills operated by others, and that rate may not decrease significantly in the future. We may incur increases in disposal fees paid to third parties. Failure to pass these costs on to our customers may reduce our operating margins. In December 2015, the Company purchased Eagle Ridge Landfill, LLC and, in February 2017, the Company purchased two landfills located in Virginia, as part of the Company's strategy to internalize a majority of its volume.

INCREASES IN THE COSTS OF LABOR MAY REDUCE OUR OPERATING MARGINS.

We compete with other businesses in our markets for qualified employees. A shortage of qualified employees would require us to enhance our wage and benefits packages to compete more effectively for employees or to hire more expensive temporary employees. Labor is our second largest operating cost, and even relatively small increases in labor costs per employee could materially affect our cost structure. Failure to attract and retain qualified employees, to control our labor costs, or to recover any increased labor costs through increased prices we charge for our services or otherwise offset such increases with cost savings in other areas may reduce our operating margins.

INCREASES IN COSTS OF INSURANCE WOULD REDUCE OUR OPERATING MARGINS.

One of our largest operating costs is for insurance coverage, including general liability, automobile physical damage and liability, property, employment practices, pollution, directors and officers, fiduciary, workers' compensation and employer's liability coverage, as well as umbrella liability policies to provide excess coverage over the underlying limits contained in our primary general liability, automobile liability and employer's liability policies. Changes in our operating experience, such as an increase in accidents or lawsuits or a catastrophic loss, could cause our insurance costs to increase significantly or could cause us to be unable to obtain certain insurance. Increases in insurance costs would reduce our operating margins. Changes in our industry and perceived risks in our business could have a similar effect.

WE MAY NOT BE ABLE TO MAINTAIN SUFFICIENT INSURANCE COVERAGE TO COVER THE RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH OUR OPERATIONS, WHICH COULD RESULT IN UNINSURED LOSSES THAT WOULD ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR FINANCIAL CONDITION.

Integrated non-hazardous waste companies are exposed to a variety of risks that are typically covered by insurance arrangements. However, we may not be able to maintain sufficient insurance coverage to cover the risks associated with our operations for a variety of reasons. Increases in insurance costs and changes in the insurance markets may, given our resources, limit the coverage that we are able to maintain or prevent us from insuring against certain risks. Large or unexpected losses may exceed our policy limits, adversely affecting our results of operations, and may result in the termination or limitation of coverage, exposing us to uninsured losses, thereby adversely affecting our financial condition.

OUR FAILURE TO REMAIN COMPETITIVE WITH OUR NUMEROUS COMPETITORS, SOME OF WHOM HAVE GREATER RESOURCES, COULD ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR ABILITY TO RETAIN EXISTING CUSTOMERS AND OBTAIN FUTURE BUSINESS.

Because our industry is highly competitive, we compete with large companies and municipalities, many of whom have greater financial and operational resources. The non-hazardous solid waste collection and disposal industry includes large national, publicly-traded waste management companies; regional, publicly-held and privately-owned companies; and numerous small, local, privately-owned companies. Additionally, many counties and municipalities operate their own waste collection and disposal facilities and have competitive advantages not available to private enterprises. If we are unable to successfully compete against our competitors, our ability to retain existing customers and obtain future business could be adversely affected.

WE MAY LOSE CONTRACTS THROUGH COMPETITIVE BIDDING, EARLY TERMINATION OR GOVERNMENTAL ACTION, OR WE MAY HAVE TO SUBSTANTIALLY LOWER PRICES IN ORDER TO RETAIN CERTAIN CONTRACTS, ANY OF WHICH WOULD CAUSE OUR REVENUE TO DECLINE.

We are party to contracts with municipalities and other associations and agencies. Many of these contracts are or will be subject to competitive bidding. We may not be the successful bidder, or we may have to substantially lower prices in order to be the successful bidder. In addition, some of our customers may terminate their contracts with us before the end of the contract term. If we are not able to replace revenue from contracts lost through competitive bidding or early termination or from lowering prices or from the renegotiation of existing contracts with other revenue within a reasonable time period, our revenue could decline.

Municipalities may annex unincorporated areas within counties where we provide collection services, and as a result, our customers in annexed areas may be required to obtain service from competitors who have been franchised or contracted by the annexing municipalities to provide those services. Some of the local jurisdictions in which we currently operate grant exclusive franchises to collection and disposal companies, others may do so in the future, and we may enter markets where franchises are granted by certain municipalities. Unless we are awarded a franchise by these municipalities, we will lose customers, which will cause our revenue to decline.

We are currently pursuing through a bidding process the renewal of an agreement to which we are currently party, for the operation of a transfer station, scheduled to expire in the fourth quarter of 2016. If we are not awarded renewal of this agreement, we will be forced to utilize other transfer stations which would cause our revenue to decline.

EFFORTS BY LABOR UNIONS TO ORGANIZE OUR EMPLOYEES COULD DIVERT MANAGEMENT ATTENTION AND INCREASE OUR OPERATING EXPENSES.

We do not have any union representation in our operations. Groups of employees may seek union representation in the future, and the negotiation of collective bargaining agreements could divert management attention and result in increased operating expenses and lower net income. If we are unable to negotiate acceptable collective bargaining agreements, we might have to wait through "cooling off" periods, which are often followed by union-initiated work stoppages, including strikes. Depending on the type and duration of these work stoppages, our operating expenses could increase significantly.

POOR DECISIONS BY OUR REGIONAL AND LOCAL MANAGERS COULD RESULT IN THE LOSS OF CUSTOMERS OR AN INCREASE IN COSTS, OR ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR ABILITY TO OBTAIN FUTURE BUSINESS.

We manage our operations on a decentralized basis. Therefore, regional and local managers have the authority to make many decisions concerning their operations without obtaining prior approval from executive officers. Poor decisions by regional or local managers could result in the loss of customers or an increase in costs, or adversely affect our ability to obtain future business.

WE ARE VULNERABLE TO FACTORS AFFECTING OUR LOCAL MARKETS, WHICH COULD ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR STOCK PRICE RELATIVE TO OUR COMPETITORS.

Because the non-hazardous waste business is local in nature, our business in one or more regions or local markets may be adversely affected by events and economic conditions relating to those regions or markets even if the other regions of the country are not affected. As a result, our financial performance may not compare favorably to our competitors with operations in other regions, and our stock price could be adversely affected by our inability to compete effectively with our competitors.

RISKS RELATED TO THE SALE OF OUR WASTE ASSETS

OUR ABILITY TO DISTRIBUTE ALL OR A PORTION OF THE NET PROCEEDS FROM THE SALE OF OUR ASSETS TO OUR STOCKHOLDERS MAY BE LIMITED.

When we sell any of our assets, we may not realize a gain on such sale or the amount of our taxable gain could exceed the cash proceeds we receive from such sale. We may determine to not distribute any proceeds from the sale of assets to our stockholders, and for the foreseeable future, we anticipate using the proceeds from sales (in each case if the asset can be disposed of for greater than the debt associated with it) to improve the quality and income-producing ability of our portfolio by engaging in selective acquisitions or reinvesting in our existing assets through capital expenditures and improving the capital structure of the portfolio, including by repaying debt or making capital improvements. Alternatively, we may elect to create working capital reserves, especially in light of the fact that we may not be able to reduce our operating overhead expenses to the same extent or on the same time frame as the reduction of operating revenues resulting from a sale of assets, which could materially adversely affect our operating margins.

IF THE SALE OF OUR WASTE ASSETS (THE "TRANSACTION") IS NOT COMPLETED, THE COMPANY WILL NOT RECEIVE ANY PAYMEMT IN CONNECTION WITH THE TRANSACTION.

If the Transaction is not completed for any reason, Meridian and Seller will not receive any payment in connection with the Transaction and will not be able to repay any of its indebtedness. Instead, the Acquired Entities will remain direct and indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries of Meridian and Seller, and Meridian's shareholders will continue to own their shares of Common Stock. There is the possibility that, while the Transaction is expected to be completed, there are no assurances that all conditions to the parties' obligations to complete the Transaction will be satisfied or waived, including Buyer's ability to obtain anticipated debt financing, and that as a result the Transaction might not be consummated. In addition, there is the possibility that the Purchase Agreement may be terminated during the 21 days following execution of the Purchase Agreement while Buyer completes its due diligence review. A failure to consummate the Transaction could have adverse effects on the Company's business, the market price for the Common Stock and the Company's relationships with employees, suppliers, joint venture partners and other business partners, including that (i) the Company's directors, senior management and other employees will have expended extensive time and effort and will have experienced significant distractions from their work during the pendency of the Transaction; (ii) the Company may have abandoned or delayed certain projects and business opportunities; (iii) the Company will have incurred significant transaction costs; (iv) the market's perception of the Company's prospects could be adversely affected and (v) the potential inability of the Company to comply with Nasdaq's continued listing standards.

IF THE TRANSACTION IS CONSUMMATED, THERE WILL BE NO PARTICIPATION IN THE WASTE BUSINESS'S FUTURE GROWTH OR EARNINGS .

If the Transaction is consummated, the Company and its creditors will receive consideration in cash and will no longer have the opportunity to participate in any future earnings or growth of the Waste Business.

INTERIM OPERATING COVENANTS .

The Purchase Agreement imposes limitations on the conduct of the Company's business prior to the consummation of the Transaction, requiring the Company to conduct its and its subsidiaries' business in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice, and that such limitations may delay or prevent the Company from undertaking business opportunities. This may negatively affect the Company's business.

THE COMPANY MAY NOT ENJOY FAVORABLE TAX TREATMENT.

The receipt of the consideration for the Transaction will generally be taxable to the Company, subject to the Company's ability to apply net operating loss carryforwards to shelter such taxable gain. This may not be favorable to the Company and may affect the Company's finances going forward.

DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS INTERESTS IN THE TRANSACTION.

In addition to their interests in the Transaction as shareholders, certain of the Company's directors and executive officers have interests in the Transaction that may be different from, or in addition to, the interests of the Company's shareholders generally. You should be aware of these interests. The members of the Special Committee and the Board were aware of and considered these interests in reaching the determination to recommend the approval of the Purchase Agreement and deem the Purchase Agreement, the Transaction and the other transactions contemplated by the Purchase Agreement to be fair to, and in the best interests of, the Company and its shareholders. These interests include:

THE COMPANY AND ITS CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER WILL BE RESTRICTED FROM CONDUCTING BUSINESS RELATED TO THE WASTE BUSINESS FOR A PERIOD OF TIME.

If the Transaction is consummated, Meridian, Seller and Mr. Cosman will cease their solid waste operations and be restricted from providing non-hazardous solid waste collection, transfer and disposal services within Missouri and Virginia of the type currently conducted by the Acquired Entities for a period of five years pursuant to the Purchase Agreement. As a result, the Company's current shareholders will no longer benefit from any increase in the value, nor will they bear the risk of any decrease in the value, of the Waste Business.

RISKS RELATED TO OUR COMPANY GENERALLY

SEASONAL FLUCTUATIONS WILL CAUSE OUR BUSINESS AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS TO VARY AMONG QUARTERS, WHICH COULD ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR STOCK PRICE.

Based on historic trends experienced by the businesses we have acquired, we expect our operating results to vary seasonally, with revenue typically lowest in the first quarter, higher in the second and third quarters, and again lower in the fourth quarter. This seasonality generally reflects the lower volume of waste during the winter months. Adverse weather conditions negatively affect waste collection productivity, resulting in higher labor and operational costs. The general increase in precipitation during the winter months increases the weight of collected waste, resulting in higher disposal costs, as costs are often calculated on a per ton basis. Because of these factors, we expect operating income to be generally lower in the winter months. As a result, our operating results may be negatively affected by these variations. Additionally, severe weather during any time of the year can negatively affect the costs of collection and disposal and may cause temporary suspensions of our collection services. Long periods of inclement weather may interfere with collection operations and reduce the volume of waste generated by our customers. Any of these conditions can adversely affect our business and results of operations, which could negatively affect our stock price.

WE ARE DEPENDENT ON OUR MANAGEMENT TEAM AND DEVELOPMENT AND OPERATIONS PERSONNEL, AND THE LOSS OF ONE OR MORE KEY EMPLOYEES OR GROUPS COULD HARM OUR BUSINESS AND PREVENT US FROM IMPLEMENTING OUR BUSINESS PLAN IN A TIMELY MANNER.

Our success depends substantially upon the continued services of our executive officers and other key members of management, particularly our Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Jeffrey S. Cosman. From time to time, there may be changes in our executive management team resulting from the hiring or departure of executives. Such changes in our executive management team may be disruptive to our business. We are also substantially dependent on the continued service of our existing development and operations personnel because of the complexity of our service and technologies. We have an employment agreement with Mr. Cosman. We maintain a key person life insurance policy on Mr. Cosman. The loss of one or more of our key employees or groups could seriously harm our business.

WE HAVE IDENTIFIED A MATERIAL WEAKNESS IN OUR INTERNAL CONTROLS, WHICH COULD CAUSE STOCKHOLDERS AND PROSPECTIVE INVESTORS TO LOSE CONFIDENCE IN THE RELIABILITY OF OUR FINANCIAL REPORTING.

Currently, the Company has an Audit Committee to oversee the financial reporting process; however, for much of the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company did not have an Audit Committee. Accordingly, based on these material weaknesses, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective during the period of December 31, 2016, to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules.

To address these weaknesses, the Company's management has added independent Directors so that the Company will have an Audit Committee that meets regulatory requirements for independence and financial expert experience. The Company also started the process of retaining additional staff to assist its internal staff with compliance issues.

OUR BUSINESS IS SUBJECT TO CHANGING REGULATIONS REGARDING CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND PUBLIC DISCLOSURE THAT HAVE INCREASED BOTH OUR COSTS AND THE RISK OF NON-COMPLIANCE.

We are subject to rules and regulations by various governing bodies, including, for example, the Securities and Exchange Commission, which are charged with the protection of investors and the oversight of companies whose securities are publicly traded. Our efforts to comply with new and changing regulations have resulted in and are likely to continue to result in, increased general and administrative expenses and a diversion of management time and attention from revenue-generating activities to compliance activities. Moreover, because these laws, regulations and standards are subject to varying interpretations, their application in practice may evolve over time as new guidance becomes available. This evolution may result in continuing uncertainty regarding compliance matters and additional costs necessitated by ongoing revisions to our disclosure and governance practices. If we fail to address and comply with these regulations and any subsequent changes, our business may be harmed.

WE NEED ADDITIONAL CAPITAL TO DEVELOP OUR BUSINESS.

The development of our services will require the commitment of substantial resources to implement our business plan. In addition, substantial expenditures will be required to enable us to complete projects in the future. Currently, we have a credit agreement with Goldman Sachs Specialty Lending Group. However, it is likely we would need to seek additional financing through subsequent future private or public offerings of our equity securities or through strategic partnerships and other arrangements with corporate partners.

We cannot give any assurance that any additional financing will be available to us, or if available, will be on terms favorable to us. The sale of additional equity securities will result in dilution to our stockholders. The occurrence of indebtedness would result in increased debt service obligations and could require us to agree to operating and financing covenants that would restrict our operations. If adequate additional financing is not available on acceptable terms, we may not be able to implement our business development plan or continue our business operations.

OUR CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES MAY NOT PREVENT OR DETECT ALL ERRORS OR ACTS OF FRAUD.

Any disclosure controls and procedures or internal controls and procedures, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must consider the benefits of controls relative to their costs. Inherent limitations within a control system include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by an unauthorized override of the controls. While the design of any system of controls is to provide reasonable assurance of the effectiveness of disclosure controls, such design is also based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and such assumptions, while reasonable, may not take into account all potential future conditions. Accordingly, because of the inherent limitations in a cost effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and may not be prevented or detected.

WE MAY REQUIRE ADDITIONAL CAPITAL IN THE FUTURE TO DEVELOP NEW PRODUCTS AND OTHERWISE SUPPORT OUR OPERATIONS. IF WE DO NOT OBTAIN ANY SUCH ADDITIONAL FINANCING, IF REQUIRED, OUR BUSINESS PROSPECTS, FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS WILL BE ADVERSELY AFFECTED.

We intend to invest significantly in our business; therefore, we expect cash flows from operations to be inadequate to cover our anticipated expenses. We expect that we will need to obtain significant additional financing, both in the short and long-term, to make planned capital expenditures, to cover operating expenses, upgrades to our manufacturing operations, our ongoing product development and to fund to potential acquisitions, if any. We may not be able to secure adequate additional financing when needed on acceptable terms, or at all. To execute our business strategy, we may issue additional equity securities in public or private offerings. If we cannot secure sufficient additional funding we may be forced to forego strategic opportunities and/or delay, scale back or eliminate future development which would harm our business and our ability to generate positive cash flow in the future.

WE CANNOT ASSURE YOU THAT OUR CASH FLOW FROM OPERATIONS WILL BE SUFFICIENT, WHICH COULD HAVE A MATERIAL ADVERSE EFFECT ON OUR FINANCIAL CONDITION.

Our ability to meet our obligations is subject to many factors, some of which are beyond our control, including the following:

We cannot assure you that our business will generate cash flow from operations, or that future borrowings will be available to us under our credit facilities or otherwise, in an amount sufficient to enable us to meet our payment obligations under our outstanding indebtedness and to fund other liquidity needs. If we are not able to generate sufficient cash flow to service our debt obligations, we may need to refinance or restructure our debt, sell assets, reduce or delay capital investments, or seek to raise additional capital. If we are unable to implement one or more of these alternatives, we may not be able to meet our payment obligations under our outstanding indebtedness, which could have a material and adverse effect on our financial condition.

WE WILL NEED TO INCREASE THE SIZE OF OUR ORGANIZATION, AND MAY EXPERIENCE DIFFICULTIES IN MANAGING GROWTH.

At present, we are a small company. We expect to experience a period of expansion in headcount, infrastructure and overhead and anticipate that further expansion will be required to address potential growth and market opportunities. Future growth will impose significant added responsibilities on members of management, including the need to identify, recruit, maintain and integrate new managers. Our future financial performance and ability to compete effectively will depend, in part, on our ability to manage any future growth effectively.

WE MAY BE UNABLE TO OBTAIN, MAINTAIN OR ENFORCE OUR INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS AND MAY BE SUBJECT TO INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LITIGATION THAT COULD ADVERSELY IMPACT OUR BUSINESS.

We may be unable to obtain or maintain adequate patent or other proprietary rights for our solutions or services or to successfully enforce our proprietary rights. In addition, we may be subject to intellectual property litigation and we may be found to infringe on the proprietary rights of others, which could force us to do one or more of the following:

RISKS RELATED TO OWNERSHIP OF OUR SECURITIES

THE MARKET PRICE OF OUR COMMON STOCK IS LIKELY TO BE VOLATILE AND COULD SUBJECT US TO LITIGATION.

The market price of our common stock has been and is likely to continue to be subject to wide fluctuations. Factors affecting the market price of our common stock include:

In addition, if the stock market in general experiences uneven investor confidence, the market price of our common stock could decline for reasons unrelated to our business, operating results or financial condition. The market price of our common stock might also decline in reaction to events that affect other companies within, or outside, our industries even if these events do not directly affect us. Some companies that have experienced volatility in the trading price of their stock have been the subject of securities class action litigation. If we are to become the subject of such litigation, it could result in substantial costs and a diversion of management's attention and resources.

THE OWNERSHIP BY OUR CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER OF SERIES A PREFERRED STOCK WILL LIKELY LIMIT YOUR ABILITY TO INFLUENCE CORPORATE MATTERS.

Mr. Jeffrey S. Cosman, our chief executive officer, is the beneficial owner of 100% of the outstanding shares of the Company's Series A Preferred Stock. As a result, our chief executive officer would have significant influence over most matters that require approval by our stockholders, including the election of directors and approval of significant corporate transactions, even if other stockholders oppose them. In addition, Mr. Cosman beneficially owns approximately 18% of our issued and outstanding common stock. This concentration of ownership might also have the effect of delaying or preventing a change of control of our company that other stockholders may view as beneficial.

ALTHOUGH OUR SHARES AND WARRANTS HAVE BEEN APPROVED FOR LISTING ON THE NASDAQ CAPITAL MARKET, OUR SHARES MAY BE SUBJECT TO POTENTIAL DELISTING IF WE DO NOT MEET OR CONTINUE TO MAINTAIN THE LISTING REQUIREMENTS OF THE NASDAQ CAPITAL MARKET, AND WE HAVE BEEN NOTIFIED BY NASDAQ OF FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH CERTAIN LISTING REQUIREMENTS.

Our shares and warrants have been approved for listing on The Nasdaq Capital Market ("Nasdaq") ; however, to keep our listing on Nasdaq, we are required to maintain: (i) a minimum bid price of $1.00 per share, (ii) a certain public float, (iii) a certain number of round lot shareholders and (iv) one of the following: a net income from continuing operations (in the latest fiscal year or two of the three last fiscal years) of at least $500,000, a market value of listed securities of at least $35 million or a stockholders' equity of at least $2.5 million. On August 24, 2017, we were notified by the NASDAQ Listing Qualifications Department that were not in compliance because we did not have a stockholders' equity of at least $2.5 million. We were granted a 180-calendar day period within which to regain compliance, which ended on February 20, 2018. On February 21, 2018, we were further notified that we were not in compliance because we did not satisfy such stockholders' equity requirement before February 20, 2018. The Company has filed for an appeal with Nasdaq's hearings panel, which is expected to take place in April 2018.

Additionally, on April 5, 2018, we were notified that by Nasdaq that the Company's closing bid price for the last 30 consecutive business days was less than $1.00 per share. As a result, the Company does not satisfy the continued listing requirement to maintain a minimum bid price of $1.00 per share, as set forth in Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(a)(2). Nasdaq Listing Rule 581(c)(3)(A) provides a compliance period of 180 calendar days to regain compliance. 

In the event that our appeal to the Nasdaq hearings panel is ultimately unsuccessful, we are unable to satisfy the minimum bid price requirement, or, in the future, we are notified that we no longer comply with NASDAQ's corporate governance requirements, and we fail to regain compliance within an applicable cure period, our common stock could be delisted from Nasdaq.

If our common stock is delisted, trading of the stock will most likely take place on the Over the Counter Market Place. An investor is likely to find it less convenient to sell, or to obtain accurate quotations in seeking to buy, our common stock on an over-the-counter market, and many investors may not buy or sell our common stock due to difficulty in accessing over-the-counter markets, or due to policies preventing them from trading in securities not listed on a national exchange or other reasons, and our ability to issue additional securities for financing or other purposes, or otherwise to arrange for any financing we may need in the future, may also be materially and adversely affected if our common stock is not traded on a national securities exchange. For these reasons and others, delisting would adversely affect the liquidity, trading volume and price of our common stock, causing the value of an investment in us to decrease and having an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations, including our ability to attract and retain qualified executives and employees and to raise capital.

Our stock price could fall and we could be delisted from NASDAQ in which case because they may be considered penny stocks and thus be subject to the penny stock rules, WHICH COULD RESULT IN U.S. broker-dealers BECOMING discouraged from effecting transactions in shares of our common stock.

The SEC has adopted a number of rules to regulate "penny stock" that restricts transactions involving stock which is deemed to be penny stock. Such rules include Rules 3a51-1, 15g-1, 15g-2, 15g-3, 15g-4, 15g-5, 15g-6, 15g-7, and 15g-9 under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. These rules may have the effect of reducing the liquidity of penny stocks. "Penny stocks" generally are equity securities with a price of less than $5.00 per share (other than securities registered on certain national securities exchanges or quoted on the NASDAQ Stock Market if current price and volume information with respect to transactions in such securities is provided by the exchange or system). Our securities have in the past constituted, and may again in the future constitute, "penny stock" within the meaning of the rules. The additional sales practice and disclosure requirements imposed upon U.S. broker-dealers may discourage such broker-dealers from effecting transactions in shares of our common stock, which could severely limit the market liquidity of such shares and impede their sale in the secondary market.

A U.S. broker-dealer selling penny stock to anyone other than an established customer or "accredited investor" (generally, an individual with net worth in excess of $1,000,000 or an annual income exceeding $200,000, or $300,000 together with his or her spouse) must make a special suitability determination for the purchaser and must receive the purchaser's written consent to the transaction prior to sale, unless the broker-dealer or the transaction is otherwise exempt. In addition, the "penny stock" regulations require the U.S. broker-dealer to deliver, prior to any transaction involving a "penny stock", a disclosure schedule prepared in accordance with SEC standards relating to the "penny stock" market, unless the broker-dealer or the transaction is otherwise exempt. A U.S. broker-dealer is also required to disclose commissions payable to the U.S. broker-dealer and the registered representative and current quotations for the securities. Finally, a U.S. broker-dealer is required to submit monthly statements disclosing recent price information with respect to the "penny stock" held in a customer's account and information with respect to the limited market in "penny stocks."

Stockholders should be aware that, according to the SEC, the market for "penny stocks" has suffered in recent years from patterns of fraud and abuse. Such patterns include (i) control of the market for the security by one or a few broker-dealers that are often related to the promoter or issuer; (ii) manipulation of prices through prearranged matching of purchases and sales and false and misleading press releases; (iii) "boiler room" practices involving high-pressure sales tactics and unrealistic price projections by inexperienced sales persons; (iv) excessive and undisclosed bid-ask differentials and markups by selling broker-dealers; and (v) the wholesale dumping of the same securities by promoters and broker-dealers after prices have been manipulated to a desired level, resulting in investor losses. Our management is aware of the abuses that have occurred historically in the penny stock market. Although we do not expect to be in a position to dictate the behavior of the market or of broker-dealers who participate in the market, management will strive within the confines of practical limitations to prevent the described patterns from being established with respect to our securities.

THERE MAY BE RESTRICTIONS ON YOUR ABILITY TO RESELL SHARES OF COMMON STOCK UNDER RULE 144.

Currently, Rule 144 under the Securities Act permits the public resale of securities under certain conditions after a six or twelve month holding period by the seller, including requirements with respect to the manner of sale, sales volume restrictions, filing requirements and a requirement that certain information about the issuer is publicly available. At the time that stockholders intend to resell their shares under Rule 144, there can be no assurances that we will be subject to the reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act") or, if so, current in our reporting requirements under the Exchange Act, in order for stockholders to be eligible to rely on Rule 144 at such time.

In addition to the foregoing requirements of Rule 144 under the Federal securities laws, the various state securities laws may impose further restrictions on the ability of a holder to sell or transfer the shares of common stock.

SALES OF OUR CURRENTLY ISSUED AND OUTSTANDING STOCK MAY BECOME FREELY TRADABLE PURSUANT TO RULE 144 AND MAY DILUTE THE MARKET FOR YOUR SHARES AND HAVE A DEPRESSIVE EFFECT ON THE PRICE OF THE SHARES OF OUR COMMON STOCK.

A substantial majority of our outstanding shares of common stock are "restricted securities" within the meaning of Rule 144 under the Securities Act. As restricted shares, these shares may be resold only pursuant to an effective registration statement or under the requirements of Rule 144 or other applicable exemptions from registration under the Act and as required under applicable state securities laws. Rule 144 provides in essence that an Affiliate (as such term is defined in Rule 144(a)(1)) of an issuer who has held restricted securities for a period of at least six months (one year after filing Form 10 information with the SEC for shell companies and former shell companies) may, under certain conditions, sell every three months, in brokerage transactions, a number of shares that does not exceed the greater of 1% of a company's outstanding shares of common stock or the average weekly trading volume during the four calendar weeks prior to the sale (the four calendar week rule does not apply to companies quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board). Rule 144 also permits, under certain circumstances, the sale of securities, without any limitation, by a person who is not an Affiliate of the Company and who has satisfied a one-year holding period. A sale under Rule 144 or under any other exemption from the Act, if available, or pursuant to subsequent registrations of our shares of common stock, may have a depressive effect upon the price of our shares of common stock in any active market that may develop.

YOU MAY EXPERIENCE DILUTION OF YOUR OWNERSHIP INTEREST BECAUSE OF THE FUTURE ISSUANCE OF ADDITIONAL SHARES OF OUR COMMON STOCK AND OUR PREFERRED STOCK.

In the future, we may issue our authorized but previously unissued equity securities, resulting in the dilution of the ownership interests of our present stockholders. We are currently authorized to issue an aggregate of 80,000,000 shares of capital stock, which includes 4,861,468 shares of blank check preferred stock, par value $0.001, for which the designations, rights and preferences may be established by the Board.

We may also issue additional shares of our common stock or other securities that are convertible into or exercisable for common stock in connection with hiring or retaining employees or consultants, future acquisitions, future sales of our securities for capital raising purposes, or for other business purposes. The future issuance of any such additional shares of our common stock or other securities may create downward pressure on the trading price of our common stock. There can be no assurance that we will not be required to issue additional shares, warrants or other convertible securities in the future in conjunction with hiring or retaining employees or consultants, future acquisitions, future sales of our securities for capital raising purposes or for other business purposes, including at a price (or exercise prices) below the price at which shares of our common stock are trading.

POSSIBLE ADVERSE EFFECT OF ISSUANCE OF PREFERRED STOCK.

Our Restated Certificate of Incorporation authorizes the issuance of 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock, of which 4,417,068 shares are available for issuance, with designations, rights and preferences as determined from time to time by the Board of Directors. As a result of the foregoing, the Board of Directors can issue, without further shareholder approval, Preferred Stock with dividend, liquidation, conversion, voting or other rights that could adversely affect the voting power or other rights of the holders of Common Stock. The issuance of Preferred Stock could, under certain circumstances, discourage, delay or prevent a change in control of the Company.

WE DO NOT EXPECT TO PAY DIVIDENDS AND INVESTORS SHOULD NOT BUY OUR COMMON STOCK EXPECTING TO RECEIVE DIVIDENDS.

We have not paid any dividends on our common stock in the past, and do not anticipate that we will declare or pay any dividends in the foreseeable future. Consequently, investors will only realize an economic gain on their investment in our common stock if the price appreciates. Investors should not purchase our common stock expecting to receive cash dividends. Because we do not pay dividends, and there may be limited trading, investors may not have any manner to liquidate or receive any payment on their investment. Therefore, our failure to pay dividends may cause investors to not see any return on investment even if we are successful in our business operations. In addition, because we do not pay dividends we may have trouble raising additional funds, which could affect our ability to expand our business operations.

OUR OPERATING RESULTS MAY FLUCTUATE IN THE FUTURE AND AS A RESULT, WE MAY FAIL TO MEET OR EXCEED THE EXPECTATIONS OF RESEARCH ANALYSTS OR INVESTORS, WHICH COULD CAUSE OUR STOCK PRICE TO DECLINE.

Our financial condition and operating results may vary significantly from period to period due to a variety of factors, many of which are beyond our control. Factors relating to our business that may contribute to these fluctuations include the following factors, as well as other factors described elsewhere in this Annual Report:

WE MAY BE SUBJECT TO LIABILITY FOR FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH THE REQUIREMENTS OF REGULATION 14C UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 (THE "EXCHANGE ACT").

On November 29, 2017, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement with five (5) accredited investors (the "Purchasers"). Pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement, the Purchasers purchased 1,868,933 shares of the Company's common stock, par value $0.025 per share (the "Common Stock") at a price of $1.03 per share of Common Stock, 736,948 Series A Common Stock Purchase Warrants (the "Series A Warrants"), and 664,753 Series B Common Stock Purchase Warrants (the "Series B Warrants" and, together with the Series A Warrants, the "Purchaser Warrants") for an aggregate of $1,925,001.06 (the "November 2017 Offering"). On November 29, 2017, written consent of holders representing a majority of the voting power of the Company entitled to vote with respect to the Stock Issuance was specifically provided in order to satisfy Nasdaq Rule 5635(d). We inadvertently did not timely comply with the requirements of Regulation 14C under the Exchange Act. This would have required us to circulate an information statement describing the corporate action taken by the written consent of a majority of our shareholders at least 20 days prior to the effective date of the corporate action. Rule 14c-2(b) of the Exchange Act requires that actions approved by written consent cannot be taken until 20 calendar days have elapsed since the mailing of an Information Statement on Schedule 14C to the Company's stockholders. In connection with the November 2017 Offering, a violation of Rule 14c-2(b) may be found to have occurred, because we may not have complied with the timing requirements of Regulation 14C, subjecting the Company to potential penalties and/or other adverse consequences or liability. As a result of our failure to comply with Regulation 14C, the SEC may bring an enforcement action or commence litigation against us for failure to comply with Regulation 14C. If any claims or actions were to be brought against us relating to our lack of compliance with Regulation 14C, we could be subject to penalties, required to pay fines, make damages payments, or settlement payments. In addition, any claims or actions could force us to expend significant financial resources to defend ourselves, could divert the attention of our management from our core business and could harm our reputation.

The Company conducted a private placement offering of $3,000,000 of shares of Series E Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the "Series E Preferred Stock") and warrants (the "Series E Warrants") to purchase shares of Common Stock, par value $0.025 per share (the "Series E Offering"). The designations, rights and preferences for the Series E Preferred Stock (the "Series E Designations"), filed as an amendment to the Company's Certificate of Incorporation on October 23, 2017 in connection with the closing of the Series E Offering, in Section III.A., provide that upon "approval of the issuance of the Series E Preferred, having such designations, rights and preferences as are set forth herein, by the Company's common stockholders and the holder of Series A Preferred Shares voting together as a group, each Holder shall have the right, at any time commencing after the issuance, to convert the Stated Value of such shares, as well as accrued but unpaid declared dividends on the Series E Preferred Stock (collectively "Conversion Amount") into fully paid and non- assessable shares of Common Stock of the Company ("Conversion Shares")." Essentially, pursuant to the Series E Designations, the shareholders' approval of the issuance of the Series E Preferred, having the Series E Designations, is required as a condition precedent to the effectiveness of the main economic terms of the Series E Designations, including the Conversion Price and issuance of dividends, but was not required as a condition precedent to the actual issuance of shares of Series E Preferred. The Series E Approval is required for the Company to comply with NASDAQ Marketplace Rule 5635(d), which requires shareholder approval prior to the issuance of securities in connection with a transaction other than a public offering involving (1) the sale, issuance or potential issuance by the Company of common stock (or securities convertible into or exercisable for common stock) at a price less than the greater of book or market value which together with sales by officers, directors or Substantial Shareholders (as defined in the NASDAQ Marketplace Rules) of the Company equals 20% or more of common stock or 20% or more of the voting power outstanding before the issuance; or (2) the sale, issuance or potential issuance by the Company of common stock (or securities convertible into or exercisable common stock) equal to 20% or more of the common stock or 20% or more of the voting power outstanding before the issuance for less than the greater of book or market value of the stock. Such shareholder approval has been delivered via written consent; however, the Series E Approval is not yet effective because the requirements of Rule 14c have not yet been met, but will become effective on the date that is twenty (20) calendar days after the mailing of this Information Statement to stockholders. In the event that it is determined that the foregoing analysis is incorrect, a violation of Rule 14c-2(b) may be found to have occurred in connection with the Series E Offering, subjecting the Company to potential penalties and/or other adverse consequences or liability. As a result of any such failure to comply with Regulation 14C, the SEC may bring an enforcement action or commence litigation against us for failure to comply with Regulation 14C. If any claims or actions were to be brought against us relating to our lack of compliance with Regulation 14C, we could be subject to penalties, required to pay fines, make damages payments, or settlement payments. In addition, any claims or actions could force us to expend significant financial resources to defend ourselves, could divert the attention of our management from our core business and could harm our reputation.

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

Not applicable.

Item 2. Properties

Our principal executive office is located at 12540 Broadwell Road, Suite 1203, Milton, Georgia and is approximately 3,000 sq. ft. of office space at a rate of approximately $3,300 per month. This lease will expire on or around June 30, 2018. We also currently lease approximately 13,000 sq. ft. of office space in Atlanta, Georgia, at a rate of approximately $27,000 per month. This lease will expire on or about February 1, 2021, and because the Company no longer uses such space it is exploring sublease or assignment options. We lease approximately 1,000 sq. ft. of office space in Greenville, South Carolina at a rate of approximately $1,000 per month, on a month-to-month basis, and we lease approximately 3,000 sq. ft. of office space in Tulsa, Oklahoma at a monthly rate of approximately $3,000, with such lease having a term that will expire in March 2021.

Innovations has a pilot scale biomass processing facility, American Science and Technology, located in Wausau, Wisconsin.

Additional space may be required as we expand our business activities, but we do not foresee any significant difficulties in obtaining additional office facilities if deemed necessary.

Our principal property is comprised of land, three landfills, buildings, and equipment owned and/or leased in Missouri and Virginia; however, these properties will be divested upon the consummation of the sale of the Waste Business.

Item 3. Legal Proceedings

We are not currently involved in any litigation that we believe could have a materially adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations. There is no action, suit, proceeding, inquiry or investigation before or by any court, public board, government agency, self-regulatory organization or body pending or, to the knowledge of the executive officers of our Company or any of our subsidiaries, threatened against or affecting our Company, our common stock, any of our subsidiaries or of our Company's or our Company's subsidiaries' officers or directors in their capacities as such, in which an adverse decision could have a material adverse effect.

However, from time to time, we may become involved in various lawsuits and legal proceedings which arise in the ordinary course of business. Litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties, and an adverse result in these or other matters may arise from time to time that may harm our business.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

PART II

Item 5. Market for the Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

The Company's common stock is currently quoted on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol "MRDN." Initially, the Company's common stock was quoted on the OTC Markets effective February 23, 2005 under the symbol "BCAK." Effective March 22, 2006, the Company changed its symbol to "BCKE." Effective April 15, 2015, the Company changed its symbol to "MRDN." On November 3, 2016, the Company effected a 1-for-20 reverse split. Effective January 25, 2017, the Company's common stock was quoted on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol "MRDN".

The following table sets forth the high and low sales price of our common stock on the OTCQB for the most recent fiscal quarter. These prices are based on inter-dealer bid and asked prices, without markup, markdown, commissions, or adjustments and may not represent actual transactions. The share values reflected below have been adjusted to give effect to the 1-for-20 reverse split which we implemented on November 3, 2016.

On April 13, 2018, the closing price for our common stock was $0.64 per share.

As of April 13, 2018, we had 144 stockholders of record of our common stock. Such number of record holders was derived from the records maintained by our transfer agent, Issuer Direct. This figure does not include those shareholders whose certificates are held in the name of broker-dealers or other nominees.

The Company has never paid cash dividends on its common stock and does not anticipate paying dividends in the foreseeable future. The payment of future cash dividends is subject to the discretion of the Board of Directors and will depend upon the Company's earnings (if any), general financial condition, cash flows, capital requirements and other considerations deemed relevant by the Board of Directors.

Compensation-Setting Process

During 2017, our board of directors were responsible for overseeing our executive compensation program, establishing our executive compensation philosophy, and determining specific executive compensation, including cash and equity. Unless otherwise stated, the discussion and analysis below is based on decisions by the board of directors.

During 2017, our board of directors considered one or more of the following factors when setting executive compensation, as further explained in the discussions of each compensation element below:

Executive Compensation Program Components

Base Salary

We provide base salary as a fixed source of compensation for our executive officers, allowing them a degree of certainty when having a meaningful portion of their compensation "at risk" in the form of incentive cash bonuses and equity awards covering the shares of a company for whose shares there has been limited liquidity to date. The board of directors recognizes the importance of base salaries as an element of compensation that helps to attract highly qualified executive talent.

Base salaries for our executive officers were established primarily based on individual negotiations with the executive officers when they joined us and reflect the scope of their anticipated responsibilities, the individual experience they bring, the board members' experiences and knowledge in compensating similarly situated individuals at other companies, our then-current cash constraints, and a general sense of internal pay equity among our executive officers.

The board does not apply specific formulas in determining base salary increases. In determining base salaries for 2016 for our continuing named executive officers, no adjustments were made to the base salaries of any of our named executive officers as the board determined, in their independent judgment and without reliance on any survey data, that existing base salaries, taken together with other elements of compensation, provided sufficient fixed compensation for retention purposes.

Employment Contracts, Termination of Employment and Change in Control Arrangements

Jeffrey Cosman - Employment Agreement, Director Agreement and Restricted Stock Agreement

On March 11, 2016, the Company entered into an employment agreement with Mr. Cosman, which the parties amended as of November 29, 2016 and as of December 5, 2016 (as amended, the "Cosman Employment Agreement"). Mr. Cosman is currently the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Company, and prior to the execution and delivery of the Cosman Employment Agreement, the terms of Mr. Cosman's employment were governed by that certain previous employment agreement assumed by the Company in connection with the Company's purchase of certain membership interests owned by such previous employer on October 17, 2014. The Cosman Employment Agreement has an initial term from March 11, 2016 through December 31, 2017, and the term will automatically renew for one (1) year periods unless otherwise terminated in accordance with the terms therein. Mr. Cosman will receive a base salary of $525,000 and Mr. Cosman's compensation will increase by 5% on January 1 of each year. Mr. Cosman may also receive a cash bonus based on the Company's performance relative to its annual target performance, as well as an annual equity bonus in the form of options, in accordance with the Company's 2016 Equity and Incentive Plan (the "Plan") and subject to the restrictions contained therein, in an amount equivalent to 6% of the value of all acquisitions by the Company or its subsidiaries of substantially all the assets of existing businesses or of controlling interests in existing business entities during the preceding year. The exercise price of such options shall be the closing price of the Company's common stock on the date of grant, or such higher price as may be required pursuant to the Plan.

Upon any termination of Mr. Cosman's employment with the Company, except for a termination for Cause (as such term is defined therein), Mr. Cosman shall be entitled to a severance payment equal to the greater of (i) two years' worth of the then-existing base salary and (ii) the last year's bonus.

On March 11, 2016, the Company entered into a director agreement with the Company's Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer, Jeffrey Cosman, as amended by the First Amendment to Director Agreement entered into by the parties on April 13, 2016 (the "Cosman Director Agreement").

On March 11, 2016, the Company entered into a restricted stock agreement with Mr. Cosman (the "Cosman Restricted Stock Agreement"), pursuant to which 212,654 shares of the Company's common stock, subject to certain restrictions set forth in the Cosman Restricted Stock Agreement, were issued to Mr. Cosman pursuant to the Cosman Employment Agreement and the Plan.

Joseph D'Arelli –Employment Agreement

Effective as of April 18, 2017, the Board appointed Mr. Joseph D'Arelli as the SEC Compliance Director of the Company (the "D'Arelli Appointment"). In connection with such appointment, the Company entered into an Employment Agreement, dated April 18, 2017, with Mr. D'Arelli (the "D'Arelli Employment Agreement"). The initial term of the D'Arelli Employment Agreement is from the effective date through November 30, 2018 and will automatically renew for twelve (12) month periods, unless otherwise terminated pursuant to the terms contained therein.

Walter H. Hall, Jr. - Director Agreement and Employment Agreement

On March 11, 2016, the Company entered into a director agreement with Mr. Walter H. Hall, Jr., as amended by the First Amendment to Director Agreement entered into by the parties on April 13, 2016 (the "Hall Director Agreement"), concurrent with Mr. Hall's appointment to the Board of Directors of the Company (the "Board") effective March 11, 2016.

On March 11, 2016, the Company entered into an executive employment agreement with Mr. Hall which the parties amended as of December 5, 2016 (as amended, the "Hall Employment Agreement"). Under the Hall Employment Agreement, Mr. Hall shall serve as the President and Chief Operating Officer of the Company for an initial term of thirty-six (36) months, with automatic renewal for one (1) year periods thereafter, unless otherwise terminated pursuant to the terms contained therein. Mr. Hall will receive a base salary of $300,000 beginning upon the Company's closing of acquisitions in the aggregate amount of $35,000,000 from the date the Hall Employment Agreement is executed. Mr. Hall may also receive an annual bonus of up to $175,000, or such larger amount approved by the Board, as well as an annual equity bonus (in the form of options, in accordance with the Plan and subject to the restrictions contained therein) in an amount equivalent to 2% of the value of all acquisitions by the Company or its subsidiaries of substantially all the assets of existing businesses or of controlling interests in existing business entities. Additionally, Mr. Hall received 100,000 restricted shares of the Company's common stock upon the execution of the Hall Employment Agreement. The exercise price of such options shall be the closing price of the Company's common stock on the date of grant, or such higher price as may be required pursuant to the Plan.

Christopher Diaz - Employment Agreement

Effective as of April 18, 2017, the Board of Directors (the "Board") of Meridian Waste Solutions, Inc. (the "Company") appointed Mr. Christopher Diaz as Chief Financial Officer of the Company (the "Diaz Appointment"), in connection with the resignation of Joseph D'Arelli from such position as of such effective date. In connection with such appointment, the Company entered into an Employment Agreement, dated April 18, 2017, with Mr. Diaz (the "Diaz Employment Agreement"). The Diaz Employment Agreement may be terminated by either party at any time without prior notice. Mr. Diaz will receive a base salary of Two Hundred Sixty-five Thousand Dollars ($265,000) and is also eligible for an annual cash incentive bonus in the amount of up to Sixty-five Thousand Dollars ($65,000), as well as a monthly automobile allowance of One Thousand Dollars ($1,000) and reimbursement of relocation expenses in an amount not to exceed Twenty Thousand Dollars ($20,000).

Thomas J. Cowee - Director Agreement and Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement

On November 1, 2016, the Company entered into a director agreement with Thomas J. Cowee (the "Cowee Director Agreement"). Under the Cowee Director Agreement, Mr. Cowee shall serve as Director for an initial term to last until the next annual stockholders meeting, unless otherwise ending pursuant to the terms contained therein. Mr. Cowee will receive a monthly cash stipend of $1,500 for his service as a Director, which shall increase to $2,000 per month for as long as he serves as a chair of either the Audit Committee, Compensation Committee or Nominating Committee. Effective May 1, 2018, pursuant to the determination of the Board and an amendment to the Cowee Director Agreement that Mr. Cowee and the Company are entering into, the amount of such monthly cash stipend will increase to $3,000 per month. Mr. Cowee may also receive additional cash stipends for attending meetings of the Board and committee meetings, whether in-person or telephonically. Additionally, Mr. Cowee was issued One Thousand (1,000) shares of the Company's common stock upon the execution of the Cowee Director Agreement, and, upon the last day of each fiscal quarter commencing in the quarter when the Cowee Director Agreement became effective, the number of shares of the Company's common stock equivalent to $7,500, as determined based on the average closing price on the three trading days immediately preceding the last day of such quarter. Mr. Cowee also received, upon execution of the Cowee Director Agreement, a non-qualified stock option to purchase up to Three Thousand Seven Hundred Fifty (3,750) shares of the Company's common stock at an exercise price per share equal to $20.00, which shall be exercisable for a period of five years and vest in equal amounts over a period of three years at the rate of Three Hundred Thirteen (313) shares per fiscal quarter at the end of such quarter, commencing in the quarter in which the Cowee Director Agreement became effective, and pro-rated for the number of days the Mr. Cowee serves on the Board during the fiscal quarter.

Jackson Davis - Director Agreement and Non-Qualified Stock Options Agreement

On November 1, 2016, the Company entered into a director agreement with Jackson Davis (the "Davis Director Agreement"). Under the Davis Director Agreement, Mr. Davis shall serve as Director for an initial term to last until the next annual stockholders meeting, unless otherwise ending pursuant to the terms contained therein. Mr. Davis will receive a monthly cash stipend of $1,500 for his service as a Director, which shall increase to $2,000 per month for as long as he serves as a chair of either the Audit Committee, Compensation Committee or Nominating Committee. Effective May 1, 2018, pursuant to the determination of the Board and an amendment to the Davis Director Agreement that Mr. Davis and the Company are entering into, the amount of such monthly cash stipend will increase to $3,000 per month. Mr. Davis may also receive additional cash stipends for attending meetings of the Board and committee meetings, whether in-person or telephonically. Additionally, Mr. Davis was issued One Thousand (1,000) shares of the Company's common stock upon the execution of the Davis Director Agreement, and, upon the last day of each fiscal quarter commencing in the quarter when the Davis Director Agreement became effective, the number of shares of the Company's common stock equivalent to $7,500, as determined based on the average closing price on the three trading days immediately preceding the last day of such quarter. Mr. Davis also received, upon execution of the Davis Director Agreement, a non-qualified stock option to purchase up to Three Thousand Seven Hundred Fifty (3,750) shares of the Company's common stock at an exercise price per share equal to $20.00, which shall be exercisable for a period of five years and vest in equal amounts over a period of three years at the rate of Three Hundred Thirteen (313) shares per fiscal quarter at the end of such quarter, commencing in the quarter in which the Davis Director Agreement became effective, and pro-rated for the number of days the Mr. Davis serves on the Board during the fiscal quarter.

Joseph Ardagna Director Agreement and Non-Qualified Stock Options Agreement

On November 1, 2016, the Company entered into a director agreement with Joseph Ardagna (the "Ardagna Director Agreement"). Under the Ardagna Director Agreement, Mr. Ardagna shall serve as Director for an initial term to last until the next annual stockholders meeting, unless otherwise ending pursuant to the terms contained therein. Mr. Ardagna will receive a monthly cash stipend of $1,500 for his service as a Director, which shall increase to $2,000 per month for as long as he serves as a chair of either the Audit Committee, Compensation Committee or Nominating Committee. Effective May 1, 2018, pursuant to the determination of the Board and an amendment to the Ardagna Director Agreement that Mr. Ardagna and the Company are entering into, the amount of such monthly cash stipend will increase to $3,000 per month. Mr. Ardagna may also receive additional cash stipends for attending meetings of the Board and committee meetings, whether in-person or telephonically. Additionally, Mr. Ardagna was issued One Thousand (1,000) shares of the Company's common stock upon the execution of the Ardagna Director Agreement, and, upon the last day of each fiscal quarter commencing in the quarter when the Ardagna Director Agreement became effective, the number of shares of the Company's common stock equivalent to $7,500, as determined based on the average closing price on the three trading days immediately preceding the last day of such quarter. Mr. Ardagna also received, upon execution of the Ardagna Director Agreement, a non-qualified stock option to purchase up to Three Thousand Seven Hundred Fifty (3,750) shares of the Company's common stock at an exercise price per share equal to $20.00, which shall be exercisable for a period of five years and vest in equal amounts over a period of three years at the rate of Three Hundred Thirteen (313) shares per fiscal quarter at the end of such quarter, commencing in the quarter in which the Ardagna Director Agreement became effective, and pro-rated for the number of days the Mr. Ardagna serves on the Board during the fiscal quarter.

Transfer Agent

Our transfer agent is Issuer Direct, 500 Perimeter Park Drive, Suite D, Morrisville NC 27560. Their telephone number (919) 481-4000 .

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

During the year ended December 31, 2017, we have not issued any securities that were not registered under the Securities Act and not previously disclosed in the Company's Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q or Current Reports on Form 8-K.

Rule 10B-18 Transactions

During the year ended December 31, 2017, there were no repurchases of the Company's common stock by the Company.

Item 6. Selected Financial Data

As a "smaller reporting company", we are not required to provide information required by this item.

Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Overview

We intend for this discussion to provide information that will assist in understanding our consolidated financial statements, the changes in certain key items in those consolidated financial statements, and the primary factors that accounted for those changes, as well as how certain accounting principles affect our consolidated financial statements. This discussion should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2017 and year ended December 31, 2016.

Plan of Operation

In order to increase access to cost-effective growth capital to help create shareholder value in our biomass innovation and healthcare businesses, in the fourth quarter of 2017, the Company committed to a plan to make available for immediate sale the waste management business. Management engaged in an active program to market the business which culminated with the reaching of a binding sales agreement in February 2018. Under the terms of sale, $3 million was paid to the Company upon formal closing.

Historically, the Company was a regional, vertically integrated solid waste services company that provided collection, transfer, disposal and landfill services. This set of businesses was held for sale beginning on December 6, 2017. The results of such operations are classified as losses from discontinued operations.

As all the required criteria for held for sale classification was met at December 31, 2017, the waste management business is classified as held for sale in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and reflected as discontinued operations in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for all periods presented. Included in these results are the operations of a consolidated variable interest entity. (See note 11, of the Consolidated Financial Statements included herein for additional information).

The assets held for sale represent that entirety of the Mid-Atlantic and Midwest waste management segments historically disclosed by the Company. The Company will have no continuing involvement with the discontinued operations after the disposal date.

The Company is now an innovative technology company which focuses on biomass innovation and healthcare technologies. The Company generally operates two lines of business currently: technologies (the "Technologies Business") through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Mobile Science Technologies, Inc.; and innovations (the "Innovations Business") through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Attis Innovations, LLC. Meridian's Technologies Business centers on creating community-based synergies through healthcare collaborations and software solutions and the Innovation Business strives to create value from recovered resources, through advanced byproduct technologies and assets found in downstream production.

The Company's operations held for use operate under the following limited liability companies:

(1) Mobile Science Technologies, Inc.; - referred to as "Attis Healthcare"

(2) Meridian Innovations, LLC

Executive Overview

General Overview of Our Business

Meridian generally operates two lines of business currently: technologies (the "Technologies Business") through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Mobile Science Technologies, Inc.; and innovations (the "Innovations Business") through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Attis Innovations, LLC. Meridian's Technologies Business centers on creating community-based synergies through healthcare collaborations and software solutions and the Innovation Business strives to create value from recovered resources, through advanced byproduct technologies and assets found in downstream production. Meridian's Innovation Business focuses on producing sustainable materials and fuels from renewable sources at costs equal to or less than those otherwise produced from fossil fuels. By processing targeted feedstocks, we believe Innovations will be able to produce materials used in the following markets: bioplastics, consumer goods, adhesives, carbon fiber, renewable fuels, and green chemicals, among others.

The following table contains select amounts from our waste business reported in our Consolidated Statements of Income as discontinued operations:

WelNess Benefits, LLC/Integrity Lab Solutions, LLC

On November 1, 2017, the Company entered into a membership interest purchase agreement (the "Purchase Agreement") pursuant to which the Company acquired 100% of the membership interests (the "Membership Interests") of WelNess Benefits, LLC ("WelNess"), an Oklahoma limited liability company, and Integrity Lab Solutions, LLC, an Oklahoma limited liability company, that together own and operate laboratory marketing, management, and testing businesses. WelNess owns 71.64% membership interest in LGMG, LLC d/b/a Verifi Resource Group. The Company seeks to utilize these businesses and their technologies to expand into the healthcare technology arena.

The calculation of purchase price, including measurement period adjustments, is as follows:

As noted in the table above, the Company issued 1,000,000 shares of common stock as consideration, which was valued based on the trading price of the stock on the date of close ($1.00 per share). The warrant consideration was measured using the Black Scholes Merton valuation model with the following significant assumptions: (1) stock price - $1.00; (2) exercise price - $1.00; (3) term – 5 years; (4) risk free interest rate – 2.01%; and (5) stock volatility of 143%. The contingent consideration was valued using a monte carlo simulation with simulations of expected future revenue amounts, growth rates and related expenses. The model also simulated future stock prices based off the following key assumptions: (1) starting price $1.00; (2) term – 1–5 years; (3) risk free interest rate – 2.01%; and (4) volatility of 143.46%.

The contingent consideration is measured both initially and subsequently at fair value until settlement. The key assumptions for the subsequent December 31, 2017 valuation of $1.9 million were: (1) starting price $1.06; (2) term – 1-5 years; (3) risk free interest rate – 2.20%; and (4) volatility of 157.53%. The change in fair value is recognized in the consolidated statement of operations as unrealized gain from change in fair value of contingent consideration.

DxT Medical, LLC

On October 16, 2017, (the "Closing Date"), Mobile Science Technologies, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company entered into a Membership Interest Purchase Agreement (the "Purchase Agreement") by and among, an individual residing in the State of South Carolina, and Corral Court Capital LLC, a Georgia limited liability company, as sellers (together, the "Seller"), the Company, as parent, and Mobile Science Technologies, Inc., as buyer ("Buyer"), pursuant to which Buyer will acquire from Seller all of Seller's right, title and interest in and to 100% of the membership interests (the "Membership Interests") of DxT Medical, LLC, a South Carolina limited liability company that owns and operates a healthcare distribution business. As consideration for the Membership Interests, the Company issued to the Seller an aggregate of 350,000 restricted shares of the Company's common stock, par value $0.025 per share, allocated in accordance with the terms of the Purchase Agreement (the "Stock Payment"). The shares were valued at market at the date of the closing, fair value of $318,500.

The acquisition was accounted for by the Company using the acquisition method under business combination accounting. Under this method, the purchase price paid by the acquirer is allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date based on the fair value. Determining the fair value of certain assets and liabilities assumed is judgmental in nature and often involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions.

Results of Operations

Summary of Statements of Operations of our continuing business for the Year Ended December 31, 2017 and 2016:

Revenue

The Company's revenue for the year ended December 31, 2017 was $890,258, a 100% increase over the December 31, 2016 revenue of $-0-. This increase is due to the acquisition of WelNess Benefits, LLC/Integrity Lab Solutions, LLC, which was added to our Technologies Business. The $890,258 of current year revenue was derived from this business acquired in November of 2017.

Operating Expenses

Operating expenses were $691,415 or 78% of revenue, for the year ended December 31, 2017, as compared to $-0- for the year ended December 31, 2016. This increase is due to the acquisition of WelNess Benefits, LLC/Integrity Lab Solutions, LLC, which was added to our Technologies Business. The $691,415 of current year operating expenses was derived from this business acquired in November of 2017. Included in operating expenses is approximately $450,000 of costs related to salaries, commission and other payroll related expenses. The remaining amount is primarily lab related costs.

Depreciation and amortization

Depreciation and amortization expense for the year ended December 31, 2017 was $223,977, as compared to $15,109 for the year ended December 31, 2016. The change is attributable to the acquisition of WelNess Benefits, LLC/Integrity Lab Solutions, LLC and the addition of approximately $150,000 of office and computer equipment in the corporate segment.

Impairment expense

For the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company incurred $221,146 of impairment expense on its capitalized software. No such impairment was incurred for the year ended December 31, 2016.

Selling, general and administrative

Selling, general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2017, was $13,198,096 as compared to $11,493,378 for the year ended December 31, 2016 and increase of $1,704,718 or approximately 15%. The change is attributable to the acquisition of WelNess Benefits, LLC/Integrity Lab Solutions, LLC. The selling, general and administrative expenses of this new acquisition consist primarily of payroll and related costs of approximately $1,000,000, professional services of approximately $700,000 and travel expenses of approximately $100,000.

Other income (expense )

Other income (expense) for the year ended December 31, 2017, was $1,569,481, as compared to $(745,106) for the year ended December 31, 2016. An increase of approximately $2,300,000. The change is attributable to an approximate increase in interest expense of $140,000 and a decrease in gain on contingent liability of $1,000,000. For the year ended December 31, 2017 the Company incurred a gain on extinguishment of liability of approximately $2,900,000 and an unrealized gain from change in fair value of contingent liability of approximately $260,000. The $2,900,000 gain was the result of the January 30, 2017 qualified offering, which automatically converted all 35,750 shares of Preferred Series C. The automatic conversion resulted in the extinguishment of the shortfall derivative liability associated with these Preferred Shares. Lastly, there was a decrease in unrealized loss on change in fair value of derivative liability of approximately $270,000 for the year ended December 31, 2017 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2016.

Loss from continuing operations

Net loss from continuing operations for the year ended December 31, 2017, was $11,889,232 or continuing loss per share of $1.77, as compared to $12,253,593 or continuing loss per share of $9.68, for the year ended December 31, 2016.

Segment Information

Historically, the Company had one operating segment. However, with the acquisition of The Mid-Atlantic segment during the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company's operations were managed through two operating segments: Mid-Atlantic and Midwest regions. Both these segments are now included in discontinued operations. The Company has shifted its focus and now operates 2 new lines of business currently: technologies (the "Technologies Business") through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Mobile Science Technologies, Inc.; and innovations (the "Innovations Business") through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Attis Innovations, LLC. Meridian's Technologies Business centers on creating community-based synergies through healthcare collaborations and software solutions and the Innovation Business strives to create value from recovered resources, through advanced byproduct technologies and assets found in downstream production. These two operating segments and corporate are presented below as its reportable segments. Meridian's Innovation Business focuses on producing sustainable materials and fuels from renewable sources at costs equal to or less than those otherwise produced from fossil fuels. By processing targeted feedstocks, we believe Innovations will be able to produce materials used in the following markets: bioplastics, consumer goods, adhesives, carbon fiber, renewable fuels, and green chemicals, among others.

Summarized financial information concerning our reportable segments for the year ended December 31, 2017 is shown in the following table:

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The following table summarizes total current assets, current liabilities and working capital at December 31, 2017, compared to December 31, 2016:

The change in working capital (deficit) is due primarily to the following changes to current assets and current liabilities. The increase in current assets held for sale of approximately $3,200,000, an increase in cash of approximately $300,000. Accounts Receivable increased by approximately $860,000. Current liabilities held for sale increased by $75,200,000 accounts payable and accrued expenses increased by approximately $100,000 and current portion of long-term debt increased by approximately $8,500,000, offset by a decrease of approximately $800,000 in deferred compensation.

As all the required criteria for held for sale classification was met at December 31, 2017, the waste management business is classified as held for sale in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and reflected as discontinued operations in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for all periods presented. See note 15. Accounts receivable increased due to increased sales of WelNess, acquired in November at 2017. The increase in current portion of long-term debt is also the result of the acquisition of WelNess, as part of the liabilities assumed is debt due within 1 year, and also the reclassification of Goldman Sachs & Co. debt to current, see note 6. In January of 2017 all deferred compensation was paid off.

At December 31, 2017, we had a working capital deficit of $87,351,167, as compared to a working capital deficit of $8,767,222, at December 31, 2016, an increase of $78,583,945.

The following table sets forth a summary of our cash flows for the two years indicated:

We had a balance of cash and cash equivalents of $400,223 as of December 31, 2017. We have historically funded our working capital needs through operations and raising capital through the sale of our securities. Our working capital requirements are influenced by the state and level of our operations, and the timing of capital needed for projects.

Operating Activities . Net cash used in operating activities was $7,868,000 for the year ended December 31, 2017, compared to net cash provided by operating activities of $68,652 for the year ended December 31, 2016.

The increase in net cash used in operating activities was primarily attributable to a substantial increase in net loss.

Investing Activities. Net cash used in investing activities was $7,777,730 for the year ended December 31, 2017, compared to $8,575,628 for the year ended December 31, 2016. This decrease is primarily due to the decrease in property, plant and equipment purchases exceeding the increase from landfill acquisitions and the increase from our investment in the CFS Group.

Financing Activities . Net cash provided by financing activities was $15,818,018 for the year ended December 31, 2017, compared to net cash of $6,600,453 provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2016.  This increase was primarily due to the increasesnasda in the offerings of our equity securities in 2017.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. We have experienced recurring operating losses in recent years. Because of these losses, the Company had negative working capital of approximately $4,800,000 at December 31, 2017, excluding current assets and current liabilities held for sale. The conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern. The Company believes that the working capital deficit can be satisfied with additional capital raises, cash on hand at December 31, 2017, the sale of the waste services division, and the growth of our innovations and technology division.

On February 20, 2018, Meridian Waste Solutions, Inc. signed an agreement with Warren Equity Partners (WEP) to sell the waste operations of the Company to WEP. As part of this sale the Company will be able to eliminate a majority of its debt, as well as the approximately $11,000,000 annual debt service payments. The Company will also receive $3,000,000 in cash as part of the sale.

Post-close the Company will focus on growing its Innovations and Technology divisions. In anticipation of the sale of the waste division the Company purchased Verifi Labs in November of 2017. Additionally, we are in the process of setting up a federal lab and also a commercial lab, both of which we expect to be operational in May of 2018.

As of December 31, 2017 the Company had approximately $400,000 in cash, in its continued operations, to cover its short term cash requirements. In addition to our cash on hand, subsequent to year-end, the Company has secured approximately $2,500,000 of debt, and issued series F preferred stock for gross proceeds of approximately $2,250,000, to be used for working capital purposes. The Company is still evaluating raising additional capital through the public markets as well as looking for capital partners to assist with operating activities and growth strategies.

Liquidity is the ability of a company to generate funds to support its current and future operations, satisfy its obligations, and otherwise operate on an ongoing basis.

Our primary uses of cash have been for working capital purposes to support our operations and our efforts to become a reporting company with the SEC. All funds received have been expended in the furtherance of growing our business operations, establishing our brand and making sure our work is completed with efficiency and of the highest quality. The following trends are reasonably likely to result in a material decrease in our liquidity over the near to long term:

The Company has significant growth plans in the near future in its Technology business and Innovations business that will result in our liquidity increasing or decreasing in a material way. We are not aware of any other matters that would have an impact on future operations.

We currently have no material commitments for capital expenditures.

In order to fund future expansion through acquisitions and capital expenditures, the Company may be required to raise capital through the sale of its securities on the public market.

Goldman Sachs Credit Agreement

On December 22, 2015, in connection with the closing of acquisitions of Christian Disposal, LLC and certain assets of Eagle Ridge Landfill, LLC, the Company was extended certain credit facilities by certain lenders, consisting of $40,000,000 aggregate principal amount of Tranche A Term Loans, $10,000,000 aggregate principal amount of commitments to make Multi-Draw Term Loans and up to $5,000,000 aggregate principal amount of Revolving Commitments. During the three months ended March 31, 2016, the Company borrowed $2,150,000 in relation to the Revolving Commitments. At June 30, 2016, the Company had a total outstanding balance of $42,900,000 consisting of the Tranche A Term Loan and draw of the Revolving Commitments. The loans are secured by liens on substantially all of the assets of the Company and its subsidiaries. The debt has a maturity date of December 22, 2020 with interest paid monthly at an annual rate of approximately 9% (subject to variation based on changes in LIBOR or another underlying reference rate). In addition, there is a commitment fee paid monthly on the unused Multi-Draw Term Loan commitments and Revolving Commitments at an annual rate of 0.5%.

The parties to the Credit Agreement have entered into certain amendments to the Credit Agreement, described in the Recent Developments section herein, which provided, among other things, limited waivers by the lenders of certain failures of the Company and its affiliates to deliver certain financial statements and related deliverables and to comply with certain financial covenants under the Credit Agreement, and which amended the terms of the Credit Agreement to address such failures. Failures included maintaining certain EBITDA amounts and leverage ratios, also see note 6 to the consolidated financial statements.

Amended and Restated Credit and Guaranty Agreement

On February 15, 2017 (the "Restatement Date"), the Company closed an Amended and Restated Credit and Guaranty Agreement (the "Credit Agreement") by and among the Company and all subsidiaries, (the "Companies"), and certain subsidiaries of the Company, as Guarantors, the Lenders party thereto from time to time and Goldman Sachs Specialty Lending Group, L.P., as Administrative Agent, Collateral Agent, and Lead Arranger. The Credit Agreement amended and restated the Credit and Guaranty Agreement entered into as of December 22, 2015 (the "Closing Date") by and among the Company, certain of the Companies, and certain subsidiaries of the Company, as Guarantors, the Lenders party thereto from time to time and Goldman Sachs Specialty Lending Group, L.P., as Administrative Agent, Collateral Agent, and Lead Arranger (as amended prior to the Restatement Date, the "Prior Credit Agreement").

Pursuant to the Credit Agreement, the Lenders thereunder have agreed to extend certain credit facilities to the Companies, in an aggregate amount not to exceed $89,100,000, consisting of $65,500,000 aggregate principal amount of Tranche A Term Loans (the "Tranche A Term Loans"), $8,600,000 aggregate principal amount of Tranche B Term Loans (the "Tranche B Term Loans"), $10,000,000 aggregate principal amount of MDTL Term Loans (the "MDTL Term Loans"), and up to $5,000,000 aggregate principal amount of Revolving Commitments (the "Revolving Commitments", the Revolving Commitments together with the Tranche A Term Loans, Tranche B Term Loans and the MDTL Term Loans, the "Loans"). The principal amount of the Tranche A Term Loans in the Credit Agreement is $25,500,000 greater than the principal amount provided in the Prior Credit Agreement; the Tranche B Term Loans were not contemplated in the Prior Credit Agreement; and the principal amount of the MDTL Term Loans and Revolving Credit Agreements in the Credit Agreement are the same as provided in the Prior Credit Agreement. The proceeds of the Tranche A Term Loans made on the Closing Date were used to pay a portion of the purchase price for the acquisitions made in connection with the closing of the Prior Credit Agreement, to refinance existing indebtedness, to fund consolidated capital expenditures, and for other purposes permitted under Section 2.5 of the Prior Credit Agreement. The proceeds of the Tranche A Term Loans and Tranche B Term Loans made on the Restatement Date shall be applied by Companies to (i) partially fund the Restatement Date Acquisition (as defined below), (ii) refinance existing indebtedness of the Companies, (iii) pay fees and expenses in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Credit Agreement, and (iv) for working capital and other general corporate purposes.

The "Restatement Date Acquisition" means the acquisition of all membership interests of CFS, CFS Disposal and RWG5, as contemplated in the Purchase Agreement (defined below).

The proceeds of the Revolving Loans will be used for working capital and general corporate purposes. The proceeds of the MDTL Term Loans may be used for Permitted Acquisitions (as defined in the Credit Agreement). The Loans are evidenced, respectively, by that certain Tranche A Term Loan Note, Tranche B Term Loan Note, MDTL Note and Revolving Loan Note, all issued on February 15, 2017 (collectively, the " Notes "). Payment obligations under the Loans are subject to certain prepayment premiums, in addition to acceleration upon the occurrence of events of default under the Credit Agreement.

The amounts borrowed pursuant to the Loans are secured by a first position security interest in substantially all of the Company's and the Companies' assets in favor of Agent, in accordance with that certain Amended and Restated Pledge and Security Agreement dated as of February 15, 2017.

The amended and restated credit and guaranty agreement which among other things provides for the Company to deliver certain financial statements and related deliverables and to comply with certain financial covenants under the amended and restated credit and guaranty agreement.

Inflation and Seasonality

Based on our industry and our historic trends, we expect our operations to vary seasonally. Typically, revenue will be highest in the second and third calendar quarters and lowest in the first and fourth calendar quarters. These seasonal variations result in fluctuations in waste volumes due to weather conditions and general economic activity. We also expect that our operating expenses may be higher during the winter months due to periodic adverse weather conditions that can slow the collection of waste, resulting in higher labor and operational costs.

Critical Accounting Policies

Impairment of long-lived assets

The Company periodically reviews its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be fully recoverable. The Company recognizes an impairment loss when the sum of expected undiscounted future cash flows is less that the carrying amount of the asset. The amount of impairment is measured as the difference between the asset's estimated fair value and its book value. During the year-ended December 31, 2017, the Company experienced impairment expense of its capitalized software, see note 3. No other impairments were noted during the year-ended December 31, 2017, and December 31, 2016.

Use of Estimates

Management estimates and judgments are an integral part of consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP). We believe that the critical accounting policies described in this section address the more significant estimates required of management when preparing our consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP. We consider an accounting estimate critical if changes in the estimate may have a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations. We believe that the accounting estimates employed are appropriate and resulting balances are reasonable; however, actual results could differ from the original estimates, requiring adjustment to these balances in future periods. 

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable are recorded at management's estimate of net realizable value. At December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 the Company had approximately $860,000 and $0 of gross trade receivables related to continuing operations, respectively.

Our reported balance of accounts receivable, net of the allowance for doubtful accounts, represents our estimate of the amount that ultimately will be realized in cash. We review the adequacy and adjust our allowance for doubtful accounts on an ongoing basis, using historical payment trends and the age of the receivables and knowledge of our individual customers. However, if the financial condition of our customers were to deteriorate, additional allowances may be required. At December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the Company had determined that an allowance for doubtful accounts was not needed.

Revenue Recognition

Revenues to date, excluding discontinued operations, are exclusively from our healthcare technology business and consist of management fees, lab testing fees and commissions on sales of third party services. Such revenues are recognized in accordance with the Securities and Exchange Commission's Staff Accounting Bulletin ("SAB") 104. Specifically, revenue is recognized when services are provided to customers or when recognizing commission revenue when the underlying sale of service has occurred, the sales price was fixed or determinable and collectability is reasonably assured. All revenues arrangements are evidenced by contracts with the respective customers.

Intangible Assets

Intangible assets that are subject to amortization are reviewed for potential impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that carrying amounts may not be recoverable. Assets not subject to amortization are tested for impairment at least annually.

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired. In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 350, "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets", goodwill is not amortized, but rather is tested for impairment at least annually or more frequently if indicators of impairment are present. The Company performs its annual goodwill impairment analysis as of November 30, 2017 and, if certain events or circumstances indicate that an impairment loss may have been incurred, on an interim basis. The Company adopted ASU 2017-04, "Intangibles - Goodwill and Other: Topic 350: Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment", which eliminated step two from the goodwill impairment test. In assessing impairment on goodwill, the Company first analyzes qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform the quantitative goodwill impairment test. The qualitative factors the Company assesses include long-term prospects of its performance, share price trends and market capitalization and Company-specific events. If the Company concludes it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, the Company does not need to perform the quantitative impairment test. If based on that assessment, the Company believes it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value or the Company decides to opt out of this step, a quantitative goodwill impairment test will be performed by comparing the fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying value. A goodwill impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the reporting unit's fair value is less than its carrying value. Any loss recognized should not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. As a result of our November 30, 2017 impairment test, the Company recognized a $6.0 million impairment related to our then Midatlantic waste removal business, which is included in loss from discontinued operations on the consolidated statement of operations.

Derivative Instruments

The Company enters into financing arrangements that consist of freestanding derivative instruments or are hybrid instruments that contain embedded derivative features. The Company accounts for these arrangements in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification topic 815, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities ("ASC 815") as well as related interpretations of this standard. In accordance with this standard, derivative instruments are recognized as either assets or liabilities in the balance sheet and are measured at fair values with gains or losses recognized in earnings. Embedded derivatives that are not clearly and closely related to the host contract are bifurcated and are recognized at fair value with changes in fair value recognized as either a gain or loss in earnings. The Company determines the fair value of derivative instruments and hybrid instruments based on available market data using appropriate valuation models, considering the rights and obligations of each instrument.

The Company estimates fair values of derivative financial instruments using various techniques (and combinations thereof) that are considered consistent with the objective measuring fair values. In selecting the appropriate technique, the Company considers, among other factors, the nature of the instrument, the market risks that it embodies and the expected means of settlement. For less complex derivative instruments, such as freestanding warrants, the Company generally uses the Black Scholes model, adjusted for the effect of dilution, because it embodies all of the requisite assumptions (including trading volatility, estimated terms, dilution and risk free rates) necessary to fair value these instruments. Estimating fair values of derivative financial instruments requires the development of significant and subjective estimates that may, and are likely to, change over the duration of the instrument with related changes in internal and external market factors. In addition, option-based techniques (such as Black-Scholes model) are highly volatile and sensitive to changes in the trading market price of our common stock. Since derivative financial instruments are initially and subsequently carried at fair value, our income (expense) going forward will reflect the volatility in these estimates and assumption changes. Under the terms of this accounting standard, increases in the trading price of the Company's common stock and increases in fair value during a given financial quarter result in the application of non-cash derivative loss. Conversely, decreases in the trading price of the Company's common stock and decreases in trading fair value during a given financial quarter result in the application of non-cash derivative gain.

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-based compensation is accounted for based on the requirements of the Share-Based Payment Topic of ASC 718 ("ASC 718") which requires recognition in the consolidated financial statements of the cost of employee and director services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments over the period the employee or director is required to perform the services in exchange for the award (presumptively, the vesting period). ASC 718 also requires measurement of the cost of employee and director services received in exchange for an award based on the grant-date fair value of the award.

Pursuant to ASC Topic 505-50, for share based payments to consultants and other third-parties, compensation expense is determined at the "measurement date." The expense is recognized over the service period of the award. Until the measurement date is reached, the total amount of compensation expense remains uncertain. The Company initially records compensation expense based on the fair value of the award at the reporting date.

The Company recorded stock based compensation expense of approximately $4,100,000 and $6,400,000 during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, which is included in compensation and related expense in the consolidated statements of operations.

Fair Value Measurement

ASC Topic 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy, giving the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets and the lowest priority to unobservable data and requires disclosures for assets and liabilities measured at fair value based on their level in the hierarchy. Also, ASC Topic 820 provides clarification that in circumstances, in which a quoted price in an active market for the identical liabilities is not available, a reporting entity is required to measure fair value using one or more of the techniques provided for in this update.

The standard describes a fair value hierarchy based on three levels of input, of which the first two are considered observable and the last unobservable, that may be used to measure fair value, which are the following:

Level 1 - Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.

Level 2 - Input other than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets of liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the asset or liabilities.

Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

Our assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment, and considers factors specific to the asset or liability.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

There were no off-balance sheet arrangements during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that is material to our interests.

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

We do not hold any derivative instruments and do not engage in any hedging activities.

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

Our consolidated financial statements begin on page F-1 which appear at the end of this Annual Report.

Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.

As previously disclosed in the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on November 17, 2017, effective November 16, 2017, Hein & Associates LLP ("Hein"), the independent registered public accounting firm for Meridian Waste Solutions, Inc. (the "Company"), combined with Moss Adams LLP ("Moss Adams"). As a result of this transaction, on November 16, 2017, Hein resigned as the independent registered public accounting firm for the Company. Concurrent with such resignation, the Company's audit committee approved the engagement of Moss Adams as the new independent registered public accounting firm for the Company.

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures

a) Evaluation of Disclosure and Controls Procedures

In connection with the preparation and filing of this Annual Report, we completed an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures under the supervision and with the participation of our chief executive officer and chief financial officer. This evaluation was conducted pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

Management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017. In making this assessment, management used the framework set forth in the report Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013), or COSO (2013).

Based on the evaluation, management concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of December 31, 2017 due to the material weaknesses noted below in "Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting". A material weakness is a control deficiency, or combination of control deficiencies, that results in more than a remote likelihood that a material misstatement of the financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis by employees in the normal course of their work.

b) Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

As evidenced by the material weaknesses described below, we determined that entity-level controls related to the control environment did not operate effectively resulting in material weaknesses in such COSO (2013) component. The deficiencies in control environment each represent a separate material weakness. These material weaknesses contributed to an environment where there is a more than a remote likelihood that a material misstatement of the interim and annual financial statements could occur and not be prevented or detected.

Control Environment/Entity Level Controls

Lack of Segregation of Duties - Our finance and accounting department is understaffed and accordingly we cannot maintain sufficient segregation of duties within the financial reporting process.

Lack of Review and Disclosure Controls – There was a lack of effective monitoring review controls, identified during the year ended December 31, 2016 with respect to accounting for complex transactions and preparation of the financial statements and the financial statement disclosures. This was not fully remediated to date.

Because of the material weaknesses described above, management believes that, as of December 31, 2017, we did not maintain effective internal control over financial reporting based on the COSO (2013) criteria.

Management believes that the material weaknesses set forth above did not have an effect on our Company's financial results.

c) Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Management has reported to the Audit Committee the content of the material weaknesses identified in our assessment. Addressing these weaknesses is a priority of management and we are in the process of remediating the cited material weaknesses. For example, The Company is actively evaluating its internal control structure to identify the need for additional resources to ensure appropriate segregation of duties.

Except as disclosed in the preceding paragraphs, there have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act, that occurred during the period covered by this report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over financial reporting.

Item 9B. Other Information

None.

PART III

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

The Board of Directors and Executive Officers of the Company

The following table and text sets forth the names and ages of all our directors and executive officers and our key management personnel as of the date hereof. All of our directors serve until the next annual meeting of stockholders and until their successors are elected and qualified, or until their earlier death, retirement, resignation or removal. Executive officers serve at the discretion of the Board of Directors.

Set forth below is a brief description of the background and business experience of each of our executive officers, directors, and key management personnel. 

Jeffrey S. Cosman, age 47, Chief Executive Officer, Director

Jeffrey S. Cosman combines over 10 years' experience in the solid waste industry, which includes local operations, local and regional accounting and corporate finance. Mr. Cosman has served as the Chief Executive Officer and a Director of the Company since October 31, 2014, and has managed the operations of Here to Serve - Missouri Waste Division, LLC and Here to Serve - Georgia Waste Division, LLC since May 2014. In 2012, Mr. Cosman purchased Rosewood Communication Supply, a warehouse centric telecom parts and supplies distributor. In 2010, Mr. Cosman shifted his career focus back to the solid waste industry, founding, in 2010, Legacy Waste Solutions, LLC, a compressed natural gas consulting business. Prior to that, in the early 2000's, Mr. Cosman became involved in start-up technology in the medical device industry, following his work at Republic Services from February 1996 until February 1999, where, in his role in Corporate Finance, Mr. Cosman assisted due diligence of acquisitions, provided accounting guidance in over 168 transactions totaling $1.6 Billion in annualized revenue, supported corporate controllers in monthly reporting and assisted in the preparation of a registration statement for Republic Services. From 1993 through 1996, Mr. Cosman had a career in professional baseball with the New York Mets' minor league organization. In addition, Mr. Cosman has experience in mobile-based app development, medical device sales leadership and capital raising. Mr. Cosman holds a B.B.A. in Managerial Finance and Banking and Finance, and a Bachelors of Accountancy from the University of Mississippi.  The Board of Directors believes that Mr. Cosman's "ground up" experience in the solid waste industry, together with his background in related fields, as well as finance, will support the Company's growth plans as it moves forward in implementing its transition into the waste industry.

Mr. Cosman is the majority shareholder in Here To Serve Holding Corp, an OTC Markets company based in Milton, Georgia. Mr. Cosman has approximately 65% of the outstanding shares of Here To Serve Holding Corp. The Company does not have an arrangement with Here To Serve or Mr. Cosman for past, current or future services to be performed between Here To Serve and Meridian Waste Solutions, Inc. Mr. Cosman may in the future consult from time to time with Here To Serve on matters that do not conflict with the operation of the Company. Mr. Cosman spends several hours a month on Here To Serve.

Additionally, Mr. Cosman has a minority equity interest in Rush The Puck, LLC, a limited liability company in which Mr. Cosman and his wife are the sole members. The Company does not have an arrangement with Rush The Puck, LLC or Mr. Cosman for past, current or future services to be performed between Rush The Puck LLC and Meridian Waste Solutions, Inc. Mr. Cosman spends approximately one hour per week on Rush The Puck, LLC.

Joseph D'Arelli, age 48, former Chief Financial Officer

Joseph D'Arelli has almost 25 years of experience in public accounting, including partnership and senior management positions. He has extensive experience in auditing public and private companies in such industries as Waste Management, Financial Services; Broker/Dealers; Distribution and Technology Companies. From October 2012 until May of 2016 he was a Partner/Shareholder at D'Arelli Pruzansky, P.A. and is licensed in the states of Florida and New York. He continues his affiliations with the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA), New York State Society of Certified Public Accountants (NYSSCPA), Florida Institute of Certified Public Accountants (FICPA), and is a Certified Public Accountant in the states of Florida and New York. Mr. D'Arelli has a Bachelor's Degree in Accounting from St. John's University.

On September 30, 2016, the SEC issued an Order Instituting Cease-and-Desist Proceedings Pursuant to Section 21C of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, Making Findings, and Imposing a Cease-and-Desist Order (collectively, the "Order") against D'Arelli Pruzansky, P.A. (the "Firm"), Joseph D'Arelli, CPA, and Mitchell Pruzansky, CPA (collectively, the "Respondents"). Mr. D'Arelli, formerly the Company's Chief Financial Officer, was a partner and shareholder of the Firm from October 2012 through May 2016. Respondents have consented to the Order pursuant to Offers of Settlement, accepted by the SEC, pursuant to which Respondents neither admitted nor denied the findings in the Order. During a Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) inspection in July 2015, the Firm was informed that it had failed to comply with the SEC's partner rotation requirements because Mr. D'Arelli and Mr. Pruzansky performed quarterly reviews after being the lead audit partner for five consecutive audits, with respect to two issuer audit clients. In August 2015, the Firm reviewed all of its engagements and self-reported instances of such rotation issue regarding additional issuer audit clients. Respondents have been ordered to cease and desist from committing or causing any violations and any future violations of Sections 10A(j) and 13(a) of the Exchange Act and Rules 10A-2 and 13a-13 thereunder and to pay, jointly and severally, a civil penalty of $50,000.

Christopher Diaz, age 51, Chief Financial Officer

Mr. Diaz, age 51, brings 27 years of experience, including more than nine years' experience in the waste industry. Previously, Mr. Diaz was the Corporate Controller for Advanced Disposal Services, Inc., a publicly-traded environmental services company, from 2008 to 2017. He has also held financial reporting and auditing positions, with Skinner Nurseries, Inc., where he served as Controller from 2000 to 2008, and CSX Transportation, where he was a Manager, Financial Reporting from 1998 to 2002 and Senior Internal Auditor from 1996 to 1998. Mr. Diaz began his career as an auditor with the national accounting firm McGladrey & Pullen, LLP, where he worked from 1990 to 1996.

Mr. Diaz holds an MBA and bachelor's degree from the University of North Florida. He is a certified public accountant.

Walter H. Hall, age 59, President, Chief Operating Officer, Director

Walter H. Hall, age 59, brings 25 years of management experience in the waste industry. Most recently Mr. Hall served as Chief Operating Officer for Advanced Disposal Services, Inc., from 2001 through 2014, where he had direct responsibility for profit and loss decisions, development and implementation of strategic marketplace plans, sales, safety, acquisitions, and coordination of assets and personnel for a company having operations in multiple states with annual revenues in excess of $1 billion. Prior to that, Mr. Hall held positions as President and General Manager with Southland Waste Systems and Southland Waste Systems of Georgia, respectively, following six years with Browning Ferris Industries as District Manager and Regional Operations Manager. Mr. Hall has an undergraduate degree from Mississippi College. The Board of Directors believes that Mr. Hall's extensive and directly applicable experience within the waste industry makes him ideally qualified to help lead the Company towards continued growth.

Thomas J. Cowee, age 61, Director, Audit Committee Chair

Thomas J. Cowee, age 61, has 38 years of experience in the environmental industry, including 15 years as a Chief Financial Officer. After retiring from Progressive Waste Solutions Ltd in December 2012, Mr. Cowee began serving as a board director for companies and is currently serving as a director for Enviro Group, LLC and STC Investors, LLC, both privately owned environmental companies, positions he has held since 2015. Enviro Group, LLC is a hazardous trucking and transfer company, and STC Investors, LLC is primarily a refinery services and trucking company. Previously Mr. Cowee served as a director on the board of Rizzo Group, LLC, a privately owned solid waste collection, transfer and recycling business from 2014 to 2016, until sold. Mr. Cowee was Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Progressive Waste Solutions Ltd, from 2005 to 2012. Progressive Waste Solutions Ltd, was a publicly traded solid waste collection, transfer, recycling and landfill business, with operations in the United States and Canada. Mr. Cowee joined IESI Corporation in 1997 as its Chief Financial Officer and in 2000 was appointed Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer until IESI Corporation was acquired by Progressive Waste Solutions Ltd in 2005. From 1995 to 1997, he was Assistant Corporate Controller of USA Waste Services, Inc., and from 1979 to 1995 he held various field accounting positions with Waste Management Inc. Mr. Cowee has a B.Sc. in accounting from The Ohio State University. Mr. Cowee is qualified to serve on our Board of Directors because of his extensive experience in the environmental and waste industry, including serving as a director.

Jackson Davis, age 46, Director, Nominating Committee Chair

Jackson Davis, age 46, has more than 20 years of experience in technology and technology leadership, previously holding roles with software development companies providing mobile infrastructure management and wholesale financing solutions. Mr. Davis holds a BSBA in Decision Science with concentration in Management Information Systems from East Carolina University and has extensive experience in guiding organizational business strategy to propel improvement and maximum impact, while focusing on cost-efficiency and productivity. He is currently Director of Financial and Business Services Applications for Cox Enterprises a leading communications, media, and automotive services company with revenues of $18 billion. Prior to Joining Cox Enterprises in July of 2016; Mr. Davis held various roles at Cox Communications, most recently being Director of Corporate Business Systems, from August 2002 through July 2016. Mr. Davis is qualified to serve on our Board of Directors because of his extensive experience in the fields of technology and infrastructure management.

Joseph Ardagna, age 56, Director, Compensation Committee Chair

Joseph Ardagna, age 56, brings 30 years of experience of managing businesses in the restaurant industry. Mr. Ardagna is currently an owner/operator of Peace, Love and Pizza, a chain of pizza restaurants in Atlanta, founded in December 2012. Mr. Ardagna is responsible for all aspects of the business including overseeing the operation of four pizza restaurants and the construction of a new store scheduled to open in February 2017. Prior to that, from 1990 until 2012, Mr. Ardagna owned and operated Taco Mac Restaurants, a 28-restaurant chain in Atlanta and the Carolinas having approximately $90 million in yearly sales at such time, as one of the two founding partners responsible for managing the business, where he oversaw all aspects of the business, including finance, legal, compensation, site selection, design and development, licensing and brand development. Mr. Ardagna sold a majority of his interest in Taco Mac Restaurants to a private equity group in 2012, but currently still sits on its board of directors. In 2013, Mr. Ardagna started a new venture in the restaurant industry in Atlanta and currently oversees the operation of four pizza restaurants and the construction of a new store scheduled to open in February 2017. Mr. Ardagna has an undergraduate degree from Bowdoin College in 1984 and serves on the Board of Trustees at the New Hampton School in New Hampshire. Mr. Ardagna is qualified to serve on our Board of Directors because his extensive business experience.

Family Relationships

There are no family relationships between any of our officers or directors.

Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance

Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 requires the Company's officers and directors, and persons who own more than ten percent (10%) of a registered class of the Company's equity securities to file reports of ownership and changes in ownership with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). Officers, directors and greater than ten percent stockholders are required by SEC regulations to furnish the Company with copies of all Section 16(a) forms they file.

Based solely on our review of certain reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the reports required to be filed with respect to transactions in our common stock during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017, were timely, except for the late filing of Forms 4 related to the issuance of 2,044 shares and 4,592 shares of common stock to each of Joseph Ardagna, Thomas Cowee and Jackson Davis, as of March 31, 2017 and June 30, 2017, respectively, pursuant to their respective Director Agreements.  The Company believes that Clayton Struve, an owner of more than 10% of the outstanding common stock of the Company, did not file on a timely basis a Form 4, Form 5 or Schedule 13G, or any amendments thereto, which may have been required to comply with Section 16.

Board Committees

Our board of directors has established an audit committee, a nominating and corporate governance committee, and a compensation committee. Each committee has its own charter, which is available on our website at www.mwsinc.com. Information contained on our website is not incorporated herein by reference. Each of the board committees has the composition and responsibilities described below.

Members will serve on these committees until their resignation or until otherwise determined by our Board of Directors.

Audit Committee

We have a separately-designated standing Audit Committee established in accordance with Section 3(a)(58)(A) of the Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"). The Audit Committee consists of Mr. Cowee, Mr. Davis and Mr. Ardagna, each of whom qualifies as "independent" within the meaning of Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act and the Nasdaq Stock Market Rules. Mr. Thomas J. Cowee has been appointed as the Chair of the Audit Committee, effective November 1, 2016. Our board has determined that Mr. Cowee is currently qualified as an "audit committee financial expert", as such term is defined in Item 407(d)(5) of Regulation S-K.

The Audit Committee oversees our accounting and financial reporting processes and oversees the audit of our financial statements and the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. The specific functions of this Audit Committee include, without limitation:

Compensation Committee

We have a stand-alone Compensation Committee, which consists of Mr. Ardagna, Mr. Davis and Mr. Cowee, each of whom is "independent" within the meaning of the Nasdaq Stock Market Rules. In addition, each member of our Compensation Committee qualifies as a "non-employee director" under Rule 16b-3 of the Exchange Act. Our Compensation Committee assists the board of directors in the discharge of its responsibilities relating to the compensation of the board of directors and our executive officers. Mr. Ardagna has been appointed as the Chair of the Compensation Committee, effective November 1, 2016.

The Compensation Committee's compensation-related responsibilities include, without limitation:

Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee

We have a stand-alone Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, which consists of Mr. Cowee, Mr. Davis and Mr. Ardagna, each of whom is "independent" within the meaning of the Nasdaq Stock Market Rules. The purpose of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee is to recommend to the board nominees for election as directors and persons to be elected to fill any vacancies on the board, develop and recommend a set of corporate governance principles and oversee the performance of the board. Mr. Davis has been appointed as the Chair of the Nominating Committee, effective November 1, 2016.

The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee's responsibilities include:

The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee may delegate any of its responsibilities to subcommittees as it deems appropriate. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee is authorized to retain independent legal and other advisors, and conduct or authorize investigations into any matter within the scope of its duties.

Code of Business Conduct and Ethics

We have adopted a code of business conduct and ethics applicable to our principal executive, financial and accounting officers and all persons performing similar functions. A copy of that code is available on our corporate website at  www.mwsinc.com . We expect that any amendments to such code, or any waivers of its requirements, will be disclosed on our website.

Legal Proceedings

To the best of our knowledge, none of our directors or executive officers has, during the past ten years:

Except as set forth in our discussion below in "Certain Relationships and Related Transactions," none of our directors or executive officers has been involved in any transactions with us or any of our directors, executive officers, affiliates or associates which are required to be disclosed pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Commission.

Item 11. Executive Compensation

Executive Compensation

The following Summary Compensation Table sets forth all compensation earned, in all capacities, during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 by each of the executive officers.

Option Grants

We did not grant any options to any of our executive officers during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016.

Compensation of Directors

At this time, each of our independent directors, pursuant to their Director Agreements with the Company, receives, in addition to equity compensation, a monthly cash stipend of $1,500 and, for so long as the Director serves as the chair of either the Audit Committee, the Compensation Committee or the Nominating Committee the amount of such monthly cash stipend shall be increased to $2,000; however, effective May 1, 2018, pursuant to the determination of the Board and an amendment to each of the Director Agreements that each Director and the Company are entering into, the amount of such monthly cash stipend will increase to $3,000 per month . In addition, each Director receives a cash stipend of (i) $500 for every telephonic meeting of the Board that the Director attends which is longer than forty-five minutes; (ii) $500 for every telephonic meeting of a Committee of the Board that the Director attends that is longer than forty-five minutes; and (iii) $1,000 for every in-person meeting that the Director attends.

Executive Compensation Program Components

Base Salary

We provide base salary as a fixed source of compensation for our executive officers, allowing them a degree of certainty when having a meaningful portion of their compensation "at risk" in the form of equity awards covering the shares of a company for whose shares there has been limited liquidity to date. The board of directors recognizes the importance of base salaries as an element of compensation that helps to attract highly qualified executive talent.

Base salaries for our executive officers were established primarily based on individual negotiations with the executive officers when they joined us and reflect the scope of their anticipated responsibilities, the individual experience they bring, the board members' experiences and knowledge in compensating similarly situated individuals at other companies, our then-current cash constraints, and a general sense of internal pay equity among our executive officers.

The board does not apply specific formulas in determining base salary increases. In determining base salaries for 2015 for our continuing named executive officers, no adjustments were made to the base salaries of any of our named executive officers as the board determined, in their independent judgment and without reliance on any survey data, that existing base salaries, taken together with other elements of compensation, provided sufficient fixed compensation for retention purposes.

Employment and Director Agreements

Jeffrey Cosman - Employment Agreement, Director Agreement and Restricted Stock Agreement

On March 11, 2016, the Company entered into an employment agreement with Mr. Cosman, which the parties amended as of November 29, 2016 and as of December 5, 2016 (as amended, the "Cosman Employment Agreement"). Mr. Cosman is currently the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Company, and prior to the execution and delivery of the Cosman Employment Agreement, the terms of Mr. Cosman's employment were governed by that certain previous employment agreement assumed by the Company in connection with the Company's purchase of certain membership interests owned by such previous employer on October 17, 2014. The Cosman Employment Agreement has an initial term from March 11, 2016 through December 31, 2017, and the term will automatically renew for one (1) year periods unless otherwise terminated in accordance with the terms therein. Mr. Cosman will receive a base salary of $525,000 and Mr. Cosman's compensation will increase by 5% on January 1 of each year. Mr. Cosman may also receive a cash bonus based on the Company's performance relative to its annual target performance, as well as an annual equity bonus in the form of options, in accordance with the Company's 2016 Equity and Incentive Plan (the "Plan") and subject to the restrictions contained therein, in an amount equivalent to 6% of the value of all acquisitions by the Company or its subsidiaries of substantially all the assets of existing businesses or of controlling interests in existing business entities during the preceding year. The exercise price of such options shall be the closing price of the Company's common stock on the date of grant, or such higher price as may be required pursuant to the Plan.

Upon any termination of Mr. Cosman's employment with the Company, except for a termination for Cause (as such term is defined therein), Mr. Cosman shall be entitled to a severance payment equal to the greater of (i) two years' worth of the then-existing base salary and (ii) the last year's bonus.

On March 11, 2016, the Company entered into a director agreement with the Company's Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer, Jeffrey Cosman, as amended by the First Amendment to Director Agreement entered into by the parties on April 13, 2016 (the "Cosman Director Agreement").

On March 11, 2016, the Company entered into a restricted stock agreement with Mr. Cosman (the "Cosman Restricted Stock Agreement"), pursuant to which 212,654 shares of the Company's common stock, subject to certain restrictions set forth in the Cosman Restricted Stock Agreement, were issued to Mr. Cosman pursuant to the Cosman Employment Agreement and the Plan.

Joseph D'Arelli - Employment Agreement and Resignation

On November 29, 2016, the Company entered into an executive employment agreement with Mr. D'Arelli which the parties amended as of December 5, 2016 (as amended, the "D'Arelli Employment Agreement"). Mr. D'Arelli previously served as the Company's Corporate Controller. Under the D'Arelli Employment Agreement, Mr. D'Arelli shall serve as the Chief Financial Officer of the Company for an initial term of twenty-four (24) months, with automatic renewal for one (1) year periods thereafter, unless otherwise terminated pursuant to the terms contained therein. Mr. D'Arelli will receive a base salary of $300,000. Mr. D'Arelli may also receive an annual bonus of up to $50,000, or such larger amount approved by the Board, as well as an annual equity bonus (in the form of options, in accordance with the Plan and subject to the restrictions contained therein) in an amount equivalent to 0.5% of the value of all acquisitions by the Company or its subsidiaries of substantially all the assets of existing businesses or of controlling interests in existing business entities during the preceding year. The exercise price of such options shall be the closing price of the Company's common stock on the date of grant, or such higher price as may be required pursuant to the Plan. Additionally, Mr. D'Arelli has received 15,000 restricted shares of the Company's common stock in connection with his employment.

Effective as of April 18, 2017, the Board appointed Mr. Joseph D'Arelli as the SEC Compliance Director of the Company (the "D'Arelli Appointment") in connection with Mr. D'Arelli's resignation from the position of Chief Financial Officer as of such effective date. In connection with such appointment, the Company entered into an Employment Agreement, dated April 18, 2017, with Mr. D'Arelli (the "D'Arelli Employment Agreement"). The initial term of the D'Arelli Employment Agreement is from the effective date through November 30, 2018 and will automatically renew for twelve (12) month periods, unless otherwise terminated pursuant to the terms contained therein.

Christopher Diaz - Employment Agreement

Effective as of April 18, 2017, the Board of Directors (the "Board") of Meridian Waste Solutions, Inc. (the "Company") appointed Mr. Christopher Diaz as Chief Financial Officer of the Company (the "Diaz Appointment"), in connection with the resignation of Joseph D'Arelli from such position as of such effective date. In connection with such appointment, the Company entered into an Employment Agreement, dated April 18, 2017, with Mr. Diaz (the "Diaz Employment Agreement"). The Diaz Employment Agreement may be terminated by either party at any time without prior notice. Mr. Diaz will receive a base salary of Two Hundred Sixty-five Thousand Dollars ($265,000) and is also eligible for an annual cash incentive bonus in the amount of up to Sixty-five Thousand Dollars ($65,000), as well as a monthly automobile allowance of One Thousand Dollars ($1,000) and reimbursement of relocation expenses in an amount not to exceed Twenty Thousand Dollars ($20,000).

Walter H. Hall, Jr. - Director Agreement and Employment Agreement

On March 11, 2016, the Company entered into a director agreement with Mr. Walter H. Hall, Jr., as amended by the First Amendment to Director Agreement entered into by the parties on April 13, 2016 (the "Hall Director Agreement"), concurrent with Mr. Hall's appointment to the Board of Directors of the Company (the "Board") effective March 11, 2016 (the "Effective Date").

On March 11, 2016, the Company entered into an executive employment agreement with Mr. Hall which the parties amended as of December 5, 2016 (as amended, the "Hall Employment Agreement"). Under the Hall Employment Agreement, Mr. Hall shall serve as the President and Chief Operating Officer of the Company for an initial term of thirty-six (36) months, with automatic renewal for one (1) year periods thereafter, unless otherwise terminated pursuant to the terms contained therein. Mr. Hall will receive a base salary of $300,000 beginning upon the Company's closing of acquisitions in the aggregate amount of $35,000,000 from the date the Hall Employment Agreement is executed. Mr. Hall may also receive an annual bonus of up to $175,000, or such larger amount approved by the Board, as well as an annual equity bonus (in the form of options, in accordance with the Plan and subject to the restrictions contained therein) in an amount equivalent to 2% of the value of all acquisitions by the Company or its subsidiaries of substantially all the assets of existing businesses or of controlling interests in existing business entities. Additionally, Mr. Hall received 100,000 restricted shares of the Company's common stock upon the execution of the Hall Employment Agreement. The exercise price of such options shall be the closing price of the Company's common stock on the date of grant, or such higher price as may be required pursuant to the Plan.

Thomas J. Cowee - Director Agreement and Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement

On November 1, 2016, the Company entered into a director agreement with Thomas J. Cowee (the "Cowee Director Agreement"). Under the Cowee Director Agreement, Mr. Cowee shall serve as Director for an initial term to last until the next annual stockholders meeting, unless otherwise ending pursuant to the terms contained therein. Mr. Cowee will receive a monthly cash stipend of $1,500 for his service as a Director, which shall increase to $2,000 per month for as long as he serves as a chair of either the Audit Committee, Compensation Committee or Nominating Committee. Effective May 1, 2018, pursuant to the determination of the Board and an amendment to the Cowee Director Agreement that Mr. Cowee and the Company are entering into, the amount of such monthly cash stipend will increase to $3,000 per month. Mr. Cowee may also receive additional cash stipends for attending meetings of the Board and committee meetings, whether in-person or telephonically. Additionally, Mr. Cowee was issued One Thousand (1,000) shares of the Company's common stock upon the execution of the Cowee Director Agreement, and, upon the last day of each fiscal quarter commencing in the quarter when the Cowee Director Agreement became effective, the number of shares of the Company's common stock equivalent to $7,500, as determined based on the average closing price on the three trading days immediately preceding the last day of such quarter. Mr. Cowee also received, upon execution of the Cowee Director Agreement, a non-qualified stock option to purchase up to Three Thousand Seven Hundred Fifty (3,750) shares of the Company's common stock at an exercise price per share equal to $20.00, which shall be exercisable for a period of five years and vest in equal amounts over a period of three years at the rate of Three Hundred Thirteen (313) shares per fiscal quarter at the end of such quarter, commencing in the quarter in which the Cowee Director Agreement became effective, and pro-rated for the number of days the Mr. Cowee serves on the Board during the fiscal quarter.

Jackson Davis - Director Agreement and Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement

On November 1, 2016, the Company entered into a director agreement with Jackson Davis (the "Davis Director Agreement"). Under the Davis Director Agreement, Mr. Davis shall serve as Director for an initial term to last until the next annual stockholders meeting, unless otherwise ending pursuant to the terms contained therein. Mr. Davis will receive a monthly cash stipend of $1,500 for his service as a Director, which shall increase to $2,000 per month for as long as he serves as a chair of either the Audit Committee, Compensation Committee or Nominating Committee. Effective May 1, 2018, pursuant to the determination of the Board and an amendment to the Davis Director Agreement that Mr. Davis and the Company are entering into, the amount of such monthly cash stipend will increase to $3,000 per month. Mr. Davis may also receive additional cash stipends for attending meetings of the Board and committee meetings, whether in-person or telephonically. Additionally, Mr. Davis was issued One Thousand (1,000) shares of the Company's common stock upon the execution of the Davis Director Agreement, and, upon the last day of each fiscal quarter commencing in the quarter when the Davis Director Agreement became effective, the number of shares of the Company's common stock equivalent to $7,500, as determined based on the average closing price on the three trading days immediately preceding the last day of such quarter. Mr. Davis also received, upon execution of the Davis Director Agreement, a non-qualified stock option to purchase up to Three Thousand Seven Hundred Fifty (3,750) shares of the Company's common stock at an exercise price per share equal to $20.00, which shall be exercisable for a period of five years and vest in equal amounts over a period of three years at the rate of Three Hundred Thirteen (313) shares per fiscal quarter at the end of such quarter, commencing in the quarter in which the Davis Director Agreement became effective, and pro-rated for the number of days the Mr. Davis serves on the Board during the fiscal quarter.

Joseph Ardagna - Director Agreement and Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement

On November 1, 2016, the Company entered into a director agreement with Joseph Ardagna (the "Ardagna Director Agreement"). Under the Ardagna Director Agreement, Mr. Ardagna shall serve as Director for an initial term to last until the next annual stockholders meeting, unless otherwise ending pursuant to the terms contained therein. Mr. Ardagna will receive a monthly cash stipend of $1,500 for his service as a Director, which shall increase to $2,000 per month for as long as he serves as a chair of either the Audit Committee, Compensation Committee or Nominating Committee. Effective May 1, 2018, pursuant to the determination of the Board and an amendment to the Ardagna Director Agreement that Mr. Ardagna and the Company are entering into, the amount of such monthly cash stipend will increase to $3,000 per month. Mr. Ardagna may also receive additional cash stipends for attending meetings of the Board and committee meetings, whether in-person or telephonically. Additionally, Mr. Ardagna was issued One Thousand (1,000) shares of the Company's common stock upon the execution of the Ardagna Director Agreement, and, upon the last day of each fiscal quarter commencing in the quarter when the Ardagna Director Agreement became effective, the number of shares of the Company's common stock equivalent to $7,500, as determined based on the average closing price on the three trading days immediately preceding the last day of such quarter. Mr. Ardagna also received, upon execution of the Ardagna Director Agreement, a non-qualified stock option to purchase up to Three Thousand Seven Hundred Fifty (3,750) shares of the Company's common stock at an exercise price per share equal to $20.00, which shall be exercisable for a period of five years and vest in equal amounts over a period of three years at the rate of Three Hundred Thirteen (313) shares per fiscal quarter at the end of such quarter, commencing in the quarter in which the Ardagna Director Agreement became effective, and pro-rated for the number of days the Mr. Ardagna serves on the Board during the fiscal quarter.

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

The following table sets forth, as of April 13, 2017, certain information with respect to the beneficial ownership of our common stock by each shareholder known by us to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of our Common Stock and by each of our current directors and executive officers. Each person has sole voting and investment power with respect to the shares of Common Stock, except as otherwise indicated.

This table is prepared based on information supplied to us by the listed security holders, any Schedules 13D or 13G and Forms 3 and 4, and other public documents filed with the SEC.

Under the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission, a person is deemed to be a beneficial owner of a security if that person has or shares voting power, which includes the power to vote or direct the voting of the security, or investment power, which includes the power to vote or direct the voting of the security. The person is also deemed to be a beneficial owner of any security of which that person has a right to acquire beneficial ownership within 60 days. Under the Securities and Exchange Commission rules, more than one person may be deemed to be a beneficial owner of the same securities, and a person may be deemed to be a beneficial owner of securities as to which he or she may not have any pecuniary beneficial interest.

Shares of Common Stock which an individual or group has a right to acquire within 60 days pursuant to the exercise or conversion of options are deemed to be outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of such individual or group, but are not deemed to be outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of any other person shown in the table below.

* Less than 1%

There are no arrangements, known to the Company, including any pledge by any person of securities of the Company, the operation of which may at a subsequent date result in a change in control of the Company.

Changes in Control

We are not aware of any arrangements that may result in changes in control as that term is defined by the provisions of Item 403(c) of Regulation S-K. 

Anti-Takeover Provisions

Our Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws contain provisions that may make it more difficult for a third party to acquire or may discourage acquisition bids for us. Our Board of Directors may, without action of our stockholders, issue authorized but unissued common stock and preferred stock. The issuance of additional shares to certain persons allied with our management could have the effect of making it more difficult to remove our current management by diluting the stock ownership or voting rights of persons seeking to cause such removal. The existence of unissued preferred stock may enable the Board of Directors, without further action by the stockholders, to issue such stock to persons friendly to current management or to issue such stock with terms that could render more difficult or discourage an attempt to obtain control of us, thereby protecting the continuity of our management. Our shares of preferred stock could therefore be issued quickly with terms that could delay, defer, or prevent a change in control of us, or make removal of management more difficult.

Disclosure of Commission Position on Indemnification for Securities Act Liabilities

The Company's Amended Articles of Incorporation provide for indemnification of directors and officers against certain liabilities. Officers and directors of the Company are indemnified generally for any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, except an action by or in the right of the corporation, against expenses, including attorneys' fees, judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection with the action, suit or proceeding if he acted in good faith and in a manner which he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, has no reasonable cause to believe his conduct was unlawful.

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the Company pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the Company has been advised that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by us of expenses incurred or paid by our directors, officers or controlling persons in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceedings) is asserted by such director, officer, or controlling person in connection with any securities being registered, we will, unless in the opinion of our counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by us is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issues.

Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

The Meridian Waste Solutions, Inc. 2016 Equity and Incentive Plan authorizes the issuance of up to 375,000 shares of common stock, of which 0 have been issued, subject to restriction. The 2016 Equity and Incentive Plan has been approved by our shareholders.

Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

None of our officers, directors, proposed director nominees, beneficial owners of more than 10% of our shares of common stock, or any relative or spouse of any of the foregoing persons, or any relative of such spouse who has the same house as such person or who is a director or officer of any parent or subsidiary of our Company, has any direct or indirect material interest in any transaction to which we are a party since our incorporation or in any proposed transaction to which we are proposed to be a party.

In December 2016, Walter H. Hall, Jr., the Company's Chief Operating Officer, President, and member of the Board, advanced $250,000 to the Company for certain operational expenses. On January 30, 2017, the Company returned such amount in full, together with interest of $20,000. Such transaction was ratified and approved unanimously by the Board, including by a majority of the directors who were not interested in such transaction.

In the event a related party transaction is proposed, such transaction will be presented to our board of directors for consideration and approval. Any such transaction will require approval by a majority of the disinterested directors and such transactions will be on terms no less favorable than those available to disinterested third parties. The Company does not believe that the provisions of Item 404(c) of Regulation S-K apply to our chief executive officer, Mr. Cosman, as a control person of the Company because the Company is not a shell company and Mr. Cosman is not part of a group, consisting of two or more persons that agree to act together for the purpose of acquiring, holding, voting or disposing of equity securities of a shell company.

Director Independence

We believe our corporate governance initiatives comply with the rules and regulations of the SEC and with the rules of The Nasdaq Stock Market, or Nasdaq. Our board of directors evaluates our corporate governance principles and policies on an ongoing basis.

NASDAQ Listing Rule 5605(a)(2) provides that an "independent director" is a person other than an officer or employee of the company or any other individual having a relationship which, in the opinion of the company's board of directors, would interfere with the exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director. The NASDAQ listing rules provide that a director cannot be considered independent if:

Based on this review, Thomas Cowee, Jackson Davis and Joseph Ardagna are "independent" directors.

The Board has determined that Thomas Cowee qualifies as an "audit committee financial expert," as that term is defined in applicable regulations of the SEC.

As of April 13, 2018, our board of directors composed of five (5) directors, of which three (3) directors, Thomas Cowee, Jackson Davis and Joseph Ardagna, are "independent" directors. In addition, each of our audit and compensation committees is composed entirely of independent directors, including the chairperson of the audit committee and compensation committee.

Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services

The following table shows the fees that we paid or accrued for the audit and other services provided by our present and former accountants during 2016 and 2017.

Audit Fees - This category includes the audit of our annual financial statements, review of financial statements included in our Form 10-Q Quarterly Reports and services that are normally provided by the independent auditors in connection with engagements for those fiscal years. This category also includes advice on audit and accounting matters that arose during, or as a result of, the audit or the review of interim financial statements.

Audit-Related Fees - This category consists of assurance and related services by the independent auditors that are reasonably related to the performance of the audit or review of our financial statements and are not reported above under "Audit Fees." The services for the fees disclosed under this category include consultation regarding our correspondence with the SEC and acquisition audits

Tax Fees - This category consists of professional services rendered by our independent auditors for tax compliance and tax advice. The services for the fees disclosed under this category include tax return preparation and technical tax advice.

All Other Fees - This category consists of fees for other miscellaneous items.

Our Board of Directors has adopted a procedure for pre-approval of all fees charged by our independent auditors. Under the procedure, the Board approves the engagement letter with respect to audit, tax and review services. Other fees are subject to pre-approval by the Board, or, in the period between meetings, by a designated member of Board. Any such approval by the designated member is disclosed to the entire Board at the next meeting. The audit fees paid to the auditors with respect to fiscal years 2017 and 2016 were pre-approved by the entire Board of Directors.

PART IV

Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules

The following Exhibits are filed as part of this report.

* filed herewith

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

In accordance with the Exchange Act, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

Meridian Waste Solutions, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Financial Statements

As of December 31, 2017 and 2016

for the years ended December 31, 2017 and

December 31, 2016

Meridian Waste Solutions, Inc. and Subsidiaries

TABLE OF CONTENTS

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors of

Meridian Waste Solutions, Inc.

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet Meridian Waste Solutions, Inc. (the "Company") as of December 31, 2017, the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders' equity (deficit) and cash flows for the year then ended, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the "consolidated financial statements"). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2017, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for the year then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Going Concern Uncertainty

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has suffered recurring losses from operations and has a negative working capital as of December 31, 2017, that raises substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern. Management's plans in regard to these matters are also described in Note 1. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

Basis for Opinion

These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's consolidated financial statements based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) ("PCAOB") and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audit we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audit included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures to respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audit also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

/s/ Moss Adams LLP

Denver, Colorado

April 16, 2018

We have served as the Company's auditor since 2017.

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors

Meridian Waste Solutions, Inc.

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Meridian Waste Solutions, Inc. (the "Company") as of December 31, 2016, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders' equity (deficit) and cash flows for the year then ended. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Meridian Waste Solutions, Inc. as of December 31, 2016, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year then ended in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

/s/ Hein & Associates LLP

Denver, Colorado

April 17, 2017

MERIDIAN WASTE SOLUTIONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS